T.R. Robinson's Blog, page 28

The Rozar Park Mystery by Mark Hall

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Published description:

‘A short story mystery set in middle Georgia involving a man apparently killed by a falling tree at a local park, a strange animal’s footprints, bizarre Craigslist postings, and an exciting ending! Written by a former US Marshal with over 23 years experience in the area.’

As stated in the description, this is a short story (9,830 words) that makes it suitable for all readers no matter where they happen to be: commuting; waiting for appointment; between appointments; relaxing; etc. Also, as implied in the title, it would appeal to any reader who enjoys a mystery.

A US Marshal is called in when a body is found in Rozar Park, hence the title. With him is his friend Chris who, the reader is ultimately informed, is in the witness protection program. Very little is known about Chris but he quickly proves his value; initially by noticing anomalies regarding the body’s position and subsequently in the ongoing investigation. Besides the body’s position, there are other unusual elements, including some odd newspaper adverts, which intrigue and eventually lead to the truth. The story certainly does not end up where expected.

This is an enjoyable book though some readers may not always like the style. It is often clumsy, particularly in places where the author is attempting to establish the physical scene and scenery. Nevertheless, and in total fairness to the author, those passages do not detract from the tale: it remains enjoyable.

With such a short story, it would be unfair, to author and potential reader alike, to outline any further details.

Three stars (3*). See ‘Assessing Book Review Ratings ‘ for an understanding of how this website views the book rating system.

The book is only available in digital (e-book) format.

Smashwords (in various formats to suit all devices) It is free here.

Amazon.com                 Amazon.co.uk

Domain Names

[image error]This article is not intended to decry the knowledge or abilities of readers. As with other semi-‘technical’ information published in this website , the intention is to inform readers of some matters that lie behind what is often taken for granted or even not considered. Nevertheless, it seems wise to have some knowledge of how systems generally used operate. The information may become useful at some stage and may even prevent someone being taken advantage of. It is appreciated many are already experienced and knowledgable in these matters however, new, inexperienced, authors and computer/internet users may appreciate the information.

Note: As always this topic will be discussed from the point of view of an independent (indie) author.

Definitions

‘A domain name is a unique name that identifies a website.’ (Techterms.com)

‘A name owned by a person or organisation and consisting of an alphabetical or alphanumeric sequence followed by a suffix …………. used as an internet address to identify the location of particular web pages. (Dictionary.com)

‘A series of alphanumeric strings that are separated by periods that is an address of a computer network connection and that identifies the owner of the address.’ (Dictionary.com)

Note: For those accustomed to British terminology; ‘period’ is the American for a ‘full stop’.

How comprised

Most internet users will be familiar with the usual, recognisable, three parts of most domain names. Nevertheless, it is a fact, some consist of more than three parts. But, as this is only intended as an introductory overview of the subject, these further, more technical, breakdowns will not be considered here. So what are the three most used parts?

First part: Many long term users of the internet will be familiar with the www. prefix (www. is the recognised abbreviation for World Wide Web) that frequently commences a domain name string (address). However, users will note an increasing trend for www. to no longer be included. Nevertheless, names should be checked before inserting them in address bars as some of those that do contain the www. may not open without it being included.

Second part: Unique name that identifies the individual site; network; page; etc. More about names in a moment.

Third part: All domain names have a domain suffix: .com; .net; .org; etc. These help identify the type of website e.g. .com implies a commercial site. Of course, as any user of the internet will appreciate, .com has become the most recognised suffix and has consequently been adopted by multiple users for both commercial and non-commercial sites. There is an unstated implication that a .com suffix grants more authenticity. A misnomer of course but that never prevented anyone. In addition there are suffixes that identify a home country e.g. .fr for France; .de for Germany; etc. Though these may sometimes prove useful, the increasing ease of world wide access means, in essence, they are no longer of any real importance.

Function

The domain name system may be compared to a phone book for the internet.

For transmission purposes, domain names are automatically translated into IP addresses which computer systems use to communicate with each other. Users benefit from the automatic, behind the scenes, conversation as they do not have to know, or remember, an IP address that is usually, primarily, comprised of a series of numbers (never easy to recall). All they require, and all they see, are the alpha or alphanumeric domain name; e-mail address; user account name; etc. as it appears in address bars; in websites; in search results; etc.

How obtained

Most web and blog service providers enable users to purchase a unique domain name direct from them. There are also multiple domain registration services where a user may purchase their unique name direct. A straight forward search for ‘Domain Names’ or ‘Domain Name Registration’ will return lists of domain registration registries/companies. In most instances, indie authors will find it easier to purchase a name direct from their website/blog site provider. Nevertheless, if they have purchased a name elsewhere, it may still be utilised, with the website/blog.

An annual fee is payable for the registration and use of a unique domain name. However, thankfully for indie authors, the cost is minimal but they must be aware the registration needs to be renewed annually. If it is not, the author will no longer have the exclusive right to use the name (even their own personal name if used in the domain name registration) and it will consequently, become available for someone else to purchase.

Important: A domain name registration does NOT confer any legal ownership of the name. It simply grants an exclusive right of use for the registration period that will fall if the registration is not renewed.

In the past, when the internet was still up and coming, there was a central file of names. Understandably, with the vast increase in websites; e-mail accounts; blogs; etc. this became unrealistic resulting in the requirement for multiple domain name registrars/registries. Domain name registrars are accredited by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) or equivalent which effectively oversee the world wide allocation of names.

Choosing a Name

Selecting a domain name is of course, a personal/business matter nevertheless, there are some principles that should be taken into account:

It should be relevant to the overall website/blog aim. e.g. if the website is primarily to do with books having posts/articles about new/used cars would be inappropriate.
It should be as unique as possible. In the first quarter of 2016 there were over 326 million registered websites (up from 294 million in 2015). Consequently, it is getting harder and harder to gain attention.
Does a similar name exist. It is best if all the words in the name are as unique as possible. This may be more difficult when using a personal name as first and last names reoccur throughout society. If this is the case, then some creative way of breaking them up may be required.
How it will look when strung together. Some names can be rather unfortunate when spacing has been taken out and abbreviations utilised e.g. ‘Leisure South Essex Services’ could end up as ‘leisuresexservices’. Perhaps a silly example but it conveys the possible embarrassment if care is not taken. Other examples may be found. If there is the potential for such a hiatus, hyphens may be used between words e.g. ‘leisure-s-ex-services’. Of course, in this example including the complete word ‘essex’ would overcome the matter ‘leisure-s-essex-services’.

Roundup

For the purposes of discoverability, publicity and marketing, all authors, and those who offer products to internet visitors, it is sensible and wise to set up a dedicated website or blog with a unique name.

To be effective, domain names should be as individual as possible.

Users must remember to renew their domain name registrations annually.

Care should be taken when selecting a name, taking into account how it will appear when all words are strung together.

Aaron Blaylock – Interview

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Welcome Aaron Blaylock

Author of, among others, The Gorge.

(Links to where books may be found are at the end of this interview.)

 

 

Please tell us a little about yourself.

I was born and raised in Arizona. I claim Sacramento, California and Jamaica as well but the desert is home to me and I always seem to make my way back. It is where I met and married my wife and it is where we are raising our four amazing kids. The places I’ve lived and the friends I’ve made have shaped and informed who I am and the stories I tell. Oh, and the food I’ve eaten. I like the food.

What first inspired you to write?

There’s a tremendous amount of joy in entertaining and telling stories. It’s something that’s come as natural to me as eating and breathing. Did I mention I like food? And breathing. Anyway, we connect with each other through moments and events in our lives and through the stories we share about them. I discovered with a little tweak and twist here and there I could change a story from ordinary to extraordinary. So of course I was drawn to the arena where fantastical liars play.

In what genre(s) do you prefer to write?

I honestly don’t have a preference. My goal is to play in nearly every genre before I’m finished. My inspirations are not born from a genre so I don’t confine my writing to genre either. I have written mystery, historical fiction, adventure, suspense, children’s picture books, and satirical works. As a challenge I’ve even written an agoraphobic, love story with a ghost and a lawyer. Put that in your genre pipe and smoke it. I just finished what I refer to as a contemporary western and I’m playing with a horror idea as a follow up.

How/Where do you get the ideas for your stories?

If I say life, is that too brief of an answer? I have written about things that I’ve experienced or events I’ve read about. The idea for my first book, The Land of Look Behind, came to me as I was traversing a dark cave in the middle of the Jamaican wilderness. The idea for my second novel, The Unsaid, came as I was falling asleep one night and wondered what happens to the thoughts I choose not to say. A pet project that I don’t know if I’ll ever get to write came from a broken clock on my bathroom vanity. When you start to look for stories they are easy to find. The hard part is finding the time to write them all.

Are you working on another book?

Yes, several. I am writing the third book in The Land of Look Behind series and I just started another book this morning but I’m keeping that one to myself for now.

If your books have required research: What do you consider the best resources?

Yes, for me it is history and living. I studied the history of Jamaica in order to get the life and times right for the historical piece of the story. I read stories and legends about the region for the contemporary western I just finished. The most important thing for me though is that my experiences have at least come close to my characters. If your character climbs a mountain, then you should have seen the top of more than a few summits yourself.

Do you consider your book(s) convey messages to readers?

Absolutely. In some cases they may be subtle or complex but there are themes throughout my stories that the reader can take with them long after the story is finished. Whether the message is ‘You can do hard things’ or ‘The thoughts in our head matter’ a story is far more meaningful to the reader when there is more for them to digest than just what’s on the page.

What advice would you give to authors who are just starting out?

Just write. Don’t worry about whether it’s good or not. Some of it won’t be. Don’t worry about getting published or discovered. You might not be. Just write. Try new things, different styles, learn the rules of writing and try breaking a few. The more you read and the more you write the better you’ll get. That’s a fact.

Do you self-edit or do you think a book should only be professionally edited?

I edit my work two or three times before I let anybody see it. When making my first pass I just write without stopping. Hopefully I catch the egregious errors on my second pass and by the third I may have knocked off a few more rough edges. I am confident, however, in saying you will never be able to see all your errors and while professional editors miss things too they are far more likely to polish your manuscript to a level you cannot attain on your own. A good professional editor makes a dramatic difference in the quality of your work.

How do you go about marketing your books?

The first is a good pitch. I start by distilling my work into two or three sentences that will intrigue a reader. If you can’t do that you will not get very far. After that I share everything on social media from the book cover to the book trailer, from release date to appearances. Then I hit the road. I schedule a blog tour, a launch party and book signings. I get a foam board poster of the cover and go out and talk to readers in book stores and libraries. I teach classes, workshops and go to conventions. That’s the dirty little secret of authoring, nobody is just going to find your book, you’ve got to get out there and tell people about it.

How important do you think reviews are?

Reviews are like warm cyber-hugs to authors. Good or bad it says that somebody cared enough about what you wrote to say something about it. Of course everybody wants all five star reviews but the reality is that writing is subjective and you are not going to connect with every reader on the same level. Some people will be into what you’ve wrote and some won’t. For me, if they have taken the time to say something about my work I honour that regardless of how they rate it. Reviews are crucial for reaching readers online and getting them to give you a chance.

If you consider reviews important, how do you go about obtaining them for your books?

I beg? Honestly, it’s difficult because most people, even those that like a book, don’t take the time to write a review. I started a #RevieWednesday hashtag where I share a review from one of my books on Wednesdays and invite people who follow me to share their own. Really that’s all you can do is invite, repeatedly.

Do you have a preferred genre for when you read?

I like stories that transport me to a new place. That’s kind of baked in to Fantasy so I probably gravitate to that genre naturally. But there are authors across genres who can do that so I try and find those wherever they are.

This is an age old question but one I consider of interest. If you were stranded on a desert island, which three books would you like to have with you?

Robinson Crusoe, The Martian, and How to Survive on a Desert Island.

Please share with us links to where readers may obtain more information and insight into who you are.

Website: www.aaronblaylock.com

Amazon Author Page: http://amazon.com/author/aaronblaylock

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/aaronblaylock

Twitter: https://twitter.com/AaronBlaylock

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/AaronBlaylock

Goodreads: https://www.goodreads.com/aaronblaylock

Thank you Aaron for sharing your knowledge and experience with us.

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The Gorge is only available in digital (e-book) formats from Smashwords.com. It is FREE.

Smashwords (multiple digital formats to suit all devices.)

It may also be read in the author’s blog. (N.B. Website has now superseded the blog.)

If interested, you may read T. R.’s review here.

Landing Pages

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‘A web page which serves as the entry point for a website or a particular section of a website.’ (Unknown)

The above does not really convey what is understood, by modern day users, to be a ‘landing page’. Users now think of them as being part of a marketing or advertising campaign or promotion. In essence these are standalone pages that someone will reach after having clicked upon a ‘call-to-action’ button or link. ‘Call-to-action’ = Asking/encouraging the visitor to click upon some icon/button/link or to follow through by some other means. The primary objective is to get the visitor to fulfil the originator’s goal whether it be to: purchase; follow; register; sign-up; etc.

Note: As always, in view of this website’s aims, this topic will be considered from the point of view of authors and their books. Nevertheless, many of the principles will apply across the board, no matter the product/offer.

Types of Page

There are two types of landing page: ‘Click Through’ and ‘Lead Generation’ (sometimes referred to as ‘Lead Capture’). For the purpose of the following examples it will be assumed the author is looking to persuade the visitor to purchase a book. But bear in mind, the instigator is not always looking for a purchase. They may have some other aim as mentioned above.

Click Through

Aim: These landing pages should contain basic, but informative, explanations about the book/product on offer. Goal: To persuade the visitor, having enabled them to make an ‘informed’ decision, to click through to another page where they may purchase the book. More about the style and content of such pages later.

Frequent mistake: Instead of providing information the page takes the visitor straight through to a purchase; registration; follow; etc.; page or site. These generally have poor conversation rates because the visitor will have no real idea if the book is what they are looking for or if it is relevant to them. Sensibly, most will not make a purchase ‘blind’. Would you?

Lead Generation (Lead Capture)

Aim: To capture user data e.g. name; e-mail address; etc. These are not intended to lead, at this stage at least, to a purchase. The author’s purpose here is to collect information that will enable them to interact with, and market to, the visitor at a future date. The page should contain information about what the visitor/user may expect to receive in return for providing their details. E.g. Free short story; Sample chapters; Backstories; Regular updated information; Newsletter; etc. General opinion is, the visitor is more likely to proceed if they are able to readily see some advantage to them doing so.

Style and Content

A landing page should be a single page that appears in response to a click on a search result or on an icon/button/link in an advertisement/offer.

Landing pages should always:

be clear and concise;
have a clear ‘Call-to-Action’;
have only ONE objective;
contain information that is a logical extension of the advert, search result or link the user has come from;
present the book/product in a visual format;
be standalone;
have no navigation or side bars. (The less distraction the better.)

However, there are implications for the independent (indie) author/entrepreneur. See ‘Limitations’ below.

What should a landing page comprise?

Headline: Clear, sharp, statement of what is on offer. Perhaps with a positive turn indicating why the visitor would need/want the book/product.

Supporting Headline: A little more, relevant, information as to why this would be of interest to the visitor. Again, needs to be reasonably concise (avoiding longwinded, distracting, explanations).

Photograph/Image of Book/Product: For books, a large centralised image, surround be subsequent information, would be the most attention catching.

Benefit of offer: Outlining what the visitor will gain from making a purchase or by providing their details. Considered best practice is to provide this information in a bulleted list.

Proof of value: This would be comprised of ‘social proof’ and/or ‘Trust Indication’. For a book this could be extracts from positive reviews.

Reinforcing statement: A little bit more about the value of the product: the reason why the visitor would want to buy the book.

Closing argument: Again, indicating WHY the visitor should take the action requested. Depending upon the nature of the book/product and taking into account what has already been set out this may be overkill. Each author will have to decide for themselves how much, or how little, information to provide and whether to repeat what has already been stated. They should always bear in mind the need to keep landing pages concise. Otherwise the visitor may become fatigued and simply click away to something else.

Conversion goal: There should only be ONE call-to-action: one icon/button for the visitor to click. This should take them straight to the purchase/signup page.

When should landing pages be used?

Land pages primarily come into their own with publicity/marketing campaigns. The type of campaign does not matter, whether it is to: gain social media followers; collect e-mail addresses; market a book; etc. Of course, they could be used for other events but, as there will always be a cost involved, it may not be viable to do so.

Limitations

Software

Landing pages are created by the use of a ‘plug-in’ (a software component that adds a feature to an existing computer programme). In order to be able to add a plug-in, the site has to be ‘self-hosted’.

Self-hosted sites: those where the ‘owner’ has total control and responsibility for every aspect and element of the site even if the basic setup utilizes software provided by an established provider.

Hosted sites: those that are completely ‘hosted’ by the provider e.g. WordPress; Blogger; GoDaddy; Wix; etc. In these the company has total control and responsibility but provides friendly, readymade, software for the user. Note: The site URL usually includes the provider’s name e.g. aarough.wordpress.com (fictitious). Users do have the option, for a small annual fee, of selecting their own domain name that results in the provider’s name being omitted e.g. aarough.com (fictitious). HOWEVER, the site remains a ‘hosted’ one and therefor prohibits the inclusion of a plug-in. The majority of indie authors have hosted sites (web, blog or both).

The whole subject of hosted or self-hosted sites is a topic all of its own and not part of this discussion. The aim here is simply to assist understanding with regard to how a landing page may, or may not, be implemented.

Cost

Landing page: As a rule, landing pages are obtained from third party providers. Many exist and a search of ‘landing page’ will reveal quite a few. Several of the software packages appear easy to use but do come at a monthly cost. Though generally not over excessive, these would be beyond the resources of many indie authors. This outlay would be over and above the costs of running a campaign; the platform (Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, etc.) has to be paid.

Self-hosted sites: Naturally, cost will be related to what the user is doing nevertheless, even the simplest site can cost a reasonable amount. Average estimates range from $1,500 to $6.000 (approx. £1,160 to £4,640) per annum. Quite a lot for the average indie author.

Post Conversion

Many appear to miss the opportunity to follow up on a purchase; registration; sign-up; etc. Of course ‘spamming’ must be avoided however, it is worth responding with more than a simple ‘thank you’. Having just purchased or taken some sort of positive action, the end user remains, for a short period, ready to hear more. It has been suggested this is the opportunity to direct the customer to some further action:

Buy a similar product.
Download a free book, essay, sample.
Follow on Facebook, Twitter, etc.
Visit another page that contains related content that may be of interest.

Conclusion

Landing pages are a valuable asset for any publicity, marketing or advertising campaign and should be utilised where possible.

Content should be clear, concise, eye friendly and informative.

There should only be one call-to-action.

The customer/user, should be followed up, without spamming.

Constraints: A self-hosted site is required in order to utilise a landing page plug-in. For the majority of indie authors/entrepreneurs the cost of a self-hosted site together with the monthly fee payable to landing page software providers, is prohibitive.

Overall, considering the costs involved, landing pages are most appropriate for those who run regular marketing campaigns and, of course, have the resources to do so. For indie authors, who usually just wish to run infrequent campaigns, the necessity for specific software and the payment of both annual and monthly fees, make them unviable.

The very Worst Riding School in the World by Lucinda E Clarke

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Anyone who has read or followed (blog and social media) this author will be well acquainted with her excellent writing style and sense of humour. This introductory memoir is no exception.

 

 

The synopsis sets out the background:

‘Who would be stupid enough to open and run a riding school when they are terrified of horses, can’t ride, without insurance or capital, and with not the faintest idea of how to care for horses. Add to that, two of the four horses are not fit for the knacker’s yard. Yes, that’s exactly what I did – like so many of my adventures I ‘fell’ into this one as well with hilarious results.’

Describing the family background and her own lack of knowledge and experience Lucinda Clarke draws out the funny and serious sides of this escapade. Her sense of humour and self-depreciation are constantly in evidence as are her descriptive abilities.

Though the book stands upon its own feet, readers would benefit from reading the authors memoir ‘Walking Over Eggshells’ beforehand. Not a necessity but it would put some of the backstory issues into perspective. Besides which, it is a good read.

Bearing in mind this is a short book (36 pages in total), it would be unfair to author and potential reader, to say much more.

Readers will find this an entertaining read that wets the appetite for the next instalment (The book is an introduction to the overall tale.) Those who wish to have access to part 2 need to be aware it will only be available to those who have signed-up for Lucinda’s newsletter. A subscription link is provided within the book and is repeated below.

Four stars (4*)

Available in digital format from multiple retailers including:

Amazon.com              Amazon.co.uk               iBooks

Authors blog:  https://lucindaeclarke.wordpress.com/

Authors newsletter sign-up:  http://eepurl.com/cBu4Sf

Authors & Book Subscription Services

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What is a Book Subscription Service?

A service that, for a small monthly fee, provides subscribers with access to a variety of products. As this website and integrated blog are primarily dedicated to authors and readers, this article will focus upon books though some services also provide access to films, music and games.

Reader Benefits

Unless a reader wishes to create their own library, whether physical or digital, subscription services make a lot of sense. Book purchasing, even of digital editions that often come at a lower price, can become expensive. Alternatively, a book subscription service, for a monthly fee that often equates to the price of just one or two books, provides access to multiple books, frequently hundreds if not thousands, occasionally millions with a larger site. The subscriber can usually read these at their leisure. Even if there is an imposed time limitation, it is normally of adequate length for a reader not to feel pressurised. These benefits make such services ideal for the avid reader.

Of course, there are also sites that offer readers books for free but those are not the subject of this article.

Author Benefits?

Most ‘self-publishing’ sites and systems enable authors to select the retailers and book distribution companies they would like their books available from. Many have also included catalogue sites from which libraries purchase. A true benefit because it is otherwise very difficult for an independent author to get their book(s) into libraries. Some companies have now extended these options to include book subscription sites and organisations.

Bearing in mind readers will be getting access to books for a minimal, or in some cases no, fee, is there any incentive for an author to select these additional options?

A number of factors may come into play here most of which depend upon what the author is aiming for. By having a book available to readers through one of these sites an author may:

gain greater exposure;
benefit from increased publicity;
extended their reader base;
reward their fans/readers;
in some instances, receive a small additional royalty payment.

With regard to the latter point. Only some subscription sites do this. The payment is usually based upon a combination of: overall membership numbers; how many books members read; with regard to individual books, what percentage is read or what percentage of their members read the book; and in some instances upon the book’s market price. The algorithms vary from site to site, company to company.

Now just a quick word about subscription sites in general. In order to be able to offer a book to their members, subscription companies usually have to purchase at least one copy. Some sites, if they consider there is adequate demand, will purchase more than one. Consequently, authors do not really lose out by having a book available through such sites and services. In most cases, unless they have opted to offer their book free, they will receive the standard royalty payment in respect of each book purchased. Just the same as when a library purchases a copy.

Naturally, the payment of royalties, whether the standard or a percentage, will be of particular benefit to those who rarely sell books by the usually means. And, as already mentioned, even where there is no payment, due to an author having opted for free submission, there are advantages.

Of course, there is no guarantee, even though made available, a site will offer or promote a book to their members. Nevertheless, unless the author is fortunate enough to have a ‘best-seller’, it may be virtually guaranteed a subscription service will not feature a book unless the author has selected the ‘add book to subscription service’ option.

Examples

There are many book subscription sites in existence and it would be a mammoth task, even if it could be fully achieved, to try and list them all. A search against: ‘Book Clubs’; Online Libraries’; ‘Book Subscriptions’; or similar terms, will throw up a selection. Just by way of example, here are three such services/sites:

Scribd

Playster

Amazon’s, Kindle Unlimited (Link is to .com site though service is available through all of Amazon’s sites.)

It is known two of these make small royalty payments to authors when the reading volume/trend meets certain criteria, as described above.

As said, there are many more subscription services in existence that authors may wish to seek out. However, the best option is probably to utilise a publication service that includes the facility to add books to such sites.

Impact upon income

As mentioned above, having books available through a subscription service will, generally, result in some income for the author. However, especially with Amazon’s introduction of Kindle Unlimited, several authors stated they saw their overall income decrease. It should be born in mind these were usually authors who already had a good sells record. This got worse when Amazon altered the specifications of what and how much was paid based upon the percentage (number of pages) of a book the reader actually read. The company is able to track such information which, besides using it to assess author payments, it also uses to gain an understanding of reader habits. Consequently, authors who are fortunate enough to have either a ‘best-seller’ or a dedicated fan/reader base may not wish to opt for inclusion in a subscription service though, even for them, the increased publicity/exposure could prove beneficial.

Roundup

Readers, especially avid ones, definitely benefit from subscription services. They have access to hundreds and possibly thousands, occasionally millions, of books for little cost.

Having a book available through a subscription service would, more than likely, benefit most authors.

Even though they would also receive some benefit, authors of best-sellers or those with a high volume fan/reader base may wish to consider if the benefits outweigh possible reductions in overall income.

Authors, especially independent ones, who wish to have their book(s) made available through one are recommended to utilise a publishing service that includes the option. It would probably be very difficult to get a book included otherwise.

Alex Pearl – Interview

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Welcome Alex Pearl

Author of, among others, Sleeping with the Blackbirds.

(Links to where books may be found are at the end of this interview.)

 

Please tell us a little about yourself.

I am an advertising copywriter by trade, and I suppose I’ve always been reasonably good with words. English and art were the only subjects I enjoyed at school. I came to writing fiction in 2011 with ‘Sleeping with the Blackbirds’, which I initially wrote for my kids. And in 2014 my short story ‘Scared to Death’ was published by Mardibooks in an anthology entitled ‘The Clock Struck War’ to mark the centenary of the First World War.

What first inspired you to write?

My English teacher at school was inspirational and brilliant at instilling in his pupils a love for words. His lessons were totally unconventional and unpredictable. On one occasion, he asked us to mark his old essays.

In what genre(s) do you prefer to write?

I don’t have a preferred genre. As an advertising copywriter, I’m used to adopting different tones of voice for a diverse range of clients and audiences. The same goes for my attempts at fiction.

How/Where do you get the ideas for your stories?

I think you have to use a lot of life experiences in your writing. Write about things you know and have observed. I once had the pleasure of sitting next to Beryl Bainbridge at an awards dinner. She constantly took notes in her notebook. Some of her observations will have no doubt ended up on the pages of her books.

Are you working on another book?

I am currently working on a thriller based on the 7/7 terrorist attacks on London in 2005.

If your books have required research: What do you consider the best resources?

I use the internet – particularly sites like Wikipedia and books from Amazon for research. For my current book, I needed to know how terrorists were using the internet to send messages in 2005, and I found a whole book on Amazon that’s dedicated to the subject.

Do you consider your book(s) convey messages to readers?

I wanted my first book ‘Sleeping with the Blackbirds’ to convey several messages to young readers. I wanted to make the point that people are shaped to a large extent by their circumstances, and that bad people are often bad for a reason. It doesn’t make their behaviour excusable, but it does make it understandable.

What advice would you give to authors who are just starting out?

Enjoy your writing. Don’t be afraid to share it with others. And never be put off by rejection letters from literary agents. The best of us have received them. Even JK Rowling has.

Do you self-edit or do you think a book should only be professionally edited?

‘Sleeping with the Blackbirds’ was edited by the original publisher PenPress. But a few errors were missed and the second publication was re-edited by Red Button Publishing and myself.

I think it’s well worth getting your manuscript edited by a professional editor because you are too close to it, and a fresh pair of eyes will most likely spot ways to enhance your text.

It’s always best to get a recommendation from another writer – someone whose writing you admire.

How do you go about marketing your books?

I did a reading at a local primary school, asked friends, family, local newspapers and bloggers to review it, and offered it free on Smashwords. I also had a website and trailer made. And I tried a couple of online promoters and asked Readers’ Favorite to review it, which they did free of charge.

How important do you think reviews are?

Reviews are vital. And the two websites that matter most are Amazon and Goodreads.

If you consider reviews important, how do you go about obtaining them for your books?

There are websites that list book bloggers by genre. http://bookbloggerlist.com is one such site. Readers’ Favorite will also review your book free of charge at: https://readersfavorite.com/

Do you have a preferred genre for when your read?

I don’t favour any particular genre.

This is an age old question but one I consider of interest. If you were stranded on a desert island, which three books would you like to have with you?

They’d have to be books I hadn’t read, and assuming that I’d be on this island for some while, they’d have to be long.  Don Quixote by Miguel De Cervantes would be my first; Moby Dick by Herman Melville, the second; and War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy would be my third.

Please share with us links to where readers may obtain more information and insight into who you are.

Blog:  http://rhubarbrabbit.blogspot.co.uk/

Amazon Author Page: https://www.amazon.co.uk/%28Copywriter%29-Alex-Pearl/e/B00AR0T3QA

Smashwords Author Page: https://www.smashwords.com/profile/view/blackbirds

Goodreads Author Page:  https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/2842442.Alex_Pearl

Thank you Alex for sharing with us.

[image error]Sleeping with the Blackbirds is available in paperback and digital (e-book) formats.

Book website

Goodreads book page

Amazon.com               Amazon.co.uk

Smashwords (digital formats for all devices) (Book is FREE here.)

If interested, you may read T. R.’s review here.

Protocols

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Depending upon a person’s background the word ‘protocol’ will conjure up different considerations. Historically it refers to, and still does in the right context, social and diplomatic behaviour:

‘The official procedure or system of rules governing affairs of state or diplomatic occasions.’ (English Oxford Dictionaries)

‘The accepted or established code of procedure or behaviour in any group, organisation, or situation.’ (English Oxford Dictionaries)

Then there is the modern, technologically based, understanding:

‘A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.’ (English Oxford Dictionaries)

‘A computer language allowing computers that are connected to each other to communicate.’ (Cambridge Dictionary). N.B. Computers do not have to be physically connected.

It is the latter this discussion is primarily concerned with. Nevertheless, in whichever context the term is used, it refers to rules, procedures and systems of behaviour.

The word originates from the Greek ‘protocollons’ meaning: Leaf of paper glued to a manuscript volume that describes content.

Why this discussion?

Protocols are very much a technical matter and would not usually be a relevant topic of discussion for a website such as this. However, when researching and discussing various other topics, protocols frequently arise as being an integral part e.g. URL (Uniform Resource Locator); IP Addresses. It therefore makes sense to have some understanding of them. This is only intended to be an overview within which technical points are only mentioned where they help with general understanding.

Function

Whether a user realises it or not, protocols are in constant use in information technology e.g. e-mails; internet; websites; blogs; social media; downloads; etc. Protocols are basically special sets of rules that the two ends of a telecommunication require and use to talk to each other. (Computer; internet; etc. communications are telecommunications.) They comprise formal standards and policies for such communications and govern end-to-end processes enabling timely, secure and managed sharing.

In a human conversation people usually need to use the same dialect though, generally, they do not have to abide by strict rules of grammar or language. However, computers require everything to be defined and structured. They need to know how and in what format information is to be exchanged. Protocols establish and provide these standard formats.

Composition 

Protocols are established by international agreement. This ensures devices, no matter where in the world they are located, are able to ‘talk’ to each other.

Protocols are the equivalent of computer programming language but are specifically designed for communicating.

Many different protocols exist. Each is designed for a specific function and several are used within each communication. The information is broken down into small portions each of which is then transmitted by the appropriate, individual, protocol. In effect several protocols are ‘stacked’ and form a ‘set’ that the systems then utilise. This, breaking down and multiple protocol use, assists speedy communication as different segments are able to be sent by different routes. These are then reassembled, in the correct order, as defined by the protocols, at the end destination.

As indicated above, this is not intended to be an in-depth review of protocols. Nevertheless, it may help to have a little understanding regarding the sort of information they define and communicate. The following is by no means exhaustive; just a few elements are mentioned in hope it will assist with the reader’s general comprehension. Among other things they will define:

Date format.
Address format (sender and receiver): Enables systems to identify whether the communication is intended for it or should be ignored.
Address mapping: Defines which communication system to be used e.g. Wi-Fi, Ethernet.
Routing: Where systems are not directly connected the appropriate route for communicating has to be found.
Detection of errors.
Acknowledgment of receipt.
Loss of information: Timeouts etc.
Direction of flow: When communication can only occur in one direction.
Sequence control: Controls the order in which the segments, portions, of information (referred to above) are to be sent.
Flow control: Needed where the communication is transmitted at a faster rate than the receiving device can process.

Conclusion

As mentioned at the start, the subject of protocols is very much a technical and complicated matter. However, as they play an important, daily, part of modern life it helps to have some understanding of what they do.

The True Tale of Castaway Ann Saunders by Roger Weston

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This is a fictional account of a true event and consequently, falls into the Fiction/Biographical genre. Nonetheless, despite the fictional tag, it carries the weight of authenticity.

The synopsis provides a background to the tale:

‘This short story is based on the horrific and heartbreaking story of a young Christian woman named Ann Saunders who boarded a ship in the 1800’s with her then fiancé. They were headed to the New World and a new life until their ship foundered in stormy seas. Starving and adrift in the open ocean, Ann must do the unthinkable to survive. Will she decide against what repulses her or will she choose to do the one thing that will ensure her survival? This shocking story is one you will not soon forget.’

WARNING: For the more squeamish reader. Ultimately, this is a gruesomely realistic tale.

As with any short story (4,190 words – 13 pages) it is difficult to go into too much detail without spoiling it for potential readers. The protagonist, Ann Saunders, experiences sadness and undergoes, along with others, difficult circumstances. Though, naturally, the tale focuses on Ann Saunders, it remains an account, even if partly fictitious, of the participants combined experiences. It would be unfair to both reader and author to say more.

In the beginning ‘tell’ and ‘show’ writing styles are intermixed which some may find annoying. However, the style subsequently settles providing the reader with a tale that has a real ‘feel’ to it.

As a short story this is a quick and easy read that may be enjoyed wherever and whenever. It would suite commuters, patients in waiting rooms, those with little time, those who prefer to read on a smartphone, etc.

Three stars (3*).

The book is only available in digital format.

Amazon.com               Amazon.co.uk                Smashwords (formats to suit all devices.)

Names in Memoirs

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When first setting out to write a memoir, autobiography or biography many authors face the challenge of whether to use actual names or not.

This discussion will primarily focus upon the stories of every-day people rather than famous; infamous or well-known personalities. The latter will be touched upon later.

 

Why the concern?

The question usually arises where an author intends to include critical or negative aspects of a person’s life or behaviour within their manuscript. They may be worried about:

Upsetting relatives, friends or colleagues.
Exposing those associated with the personality (family and friends) to public embarrassment and criticism.
Opening the individual, even where it may be deserved, to possible public retaliation or humiliation.
Making themselves vulnerable to possible litigation. (Tends to the primary concern.)

Note: It is possible for some of these issues to arise even when there is no intended criticism.

Litigation

As may be seen from any casual peruse of social media discussions, concern regarding the use of true names frequently arises. And, the primary concern tends to be about the possibility of being sued. Consequently, before looking at possible methods to circumvent such a possibility, the varying types of litigation will be considered.

For most people, the mere mention of litigation brings to mind thoughts of: ‘Defamation of Character’; ‘Slander’; ‘Libel’; and ‘Invasion of Privacy’.

Defamation of Character

It should be noted ‘Slander’ and ‘Libel’ are aspects of ‘Defamation of Character’. They have no legal standing in their own right.

‘Slander’ is where someone makes a defamatory ‘verbal’ statement to a third party.

‘Libel’ is where someone makes a defamatory statement in a form other than verbal e.g. written, pictorial, etc.

For a ‘Defamation of Character’ case to be brought to court the statement has to be proven to have been false and to have resulted in some sort of ‘harm’. Such harm may be: to reputation; financial (loss of income, business, customers, etc.); mental or physical distress (insomnia, depression, anxiety, health, etc.); the creation of a presumption of guilt (e.g. an accusation of rape, etc.).

Note: Defamation is not always against an individual. It can be against a: business; product; group; government; religion; nation; and so on. Authors should therefore ensure they consider all aspects before going to print.

Invasion of Privacy

This includes: Loss of; unauthorised access to; disclosure of; personal information. Publishing details of a person’s life could be construed as an ‘Invasion of Privacy’.

Malice

Though not mentioned above, an accusation of ‘Malice’ may arise where the person making or publishing a statement considered defamatory has: done so though they knew it to contain false information; or has recklessly disregard the truth. The burden of proof lies with the person defamed but, if proven, would be very serious for the person who made the statement (The author).

Workarounds

Permissions/agreements

Naturally, if an author has serious concerns, or even if they do not, the best approach is to obtain the individual’s permission/agreement to the inclusion of information/details about themselves. However, great care should be exercised. It has been known, where such agreements have been obtained, for the person to change their mind when they see the information in actual print. The possible consequences are obvious.

Where someone is willing to give permission/agreement, it would be wise to obtain it in a written, dated, signed, document. Preferably signing should be in the presence of witnesses who also sign the document in that capacity. Obtaining legal advice regarding the validity of such a document is recommended.

Legal Advice

If an author is sure of their information and is not concerned about creating bad feelings or relationships, they may publish. However, if they intend to clearly name and describe the individuals involved, they are advised to consult a legal professional; to ensure they are not opening themselves to possible litigation. Law can be a complicated matter that requires clear and accurate interpretation.

As previously said, if deformation is to be proven, the statement in question has to be shown to be untrue. The onus to bring a case is upon the defamed person. Nevertheless, even if an author is able to prove the authenticity of their statement, defending it can be very expensive; lawyers, barristers, court expenses etc. Most independent (indie) authors simply do not have the resources. In some instances, it may be possible for such a case to be made the subject of a small claims court but even these have some expense attached. In addition, it may not be possible to satisfactorily prove the matter without a lawyer.

Pseudonyms

An alternative many authors utilise is to, either omit names or use unidentifiable pseudonyms (fictional names). Alongside this, physical and character descriptions are also omitted or changed, sufficiently to ensure someone may not be identified by default.

Some may ask whether omitting or altering such information will make the book less authentic or valid. In the writer’s opinion: no. Unless a book relies upon the identification of well-known or famous personalities (more about them later), such changes will make no difference to a reader’s comprehension of, or enjoyment of, a memoir, etc. The writer has read several memoirs where this approach has been taken and confirms it has never spoilt the read for them.

Where this approach is utilised, an author should also be aware of the impact it may have upon their own identity. Would publishing under their own name result in the potential for those mentioned being identified? Would including a photograph of themselves have the same impact? In most cases it probably would. They should therefore consider publishing under a nom de plume (pen name). Of course this would also require them to market the book under the same nom de plume, which may limit the initial reader audience e.g. by not being able to tell relatives, friends, colleagues about its existence unless they wish to take those, they are sure they can trust, into their confidence. This will also have implications for social media identities but most provide for authors using pen names.

Public figures

A public figure is usually someone who is voluntarily in the public eye e.g. politicians, actors, television hosts etc. However, some become public figures by default e.g. those the subject of high profile court cases; athletes; etc. Though the latter, in some instances, may appear unfair, for legal purposes the person may still be defined as being a ‘public figure’.

Some ‘public figures’ have brought cases for ‘Deformation of Character’ however, in most instances the ruling has been: As a public figure, their rights to privacy are lessened. In other words, their rights in respect to ‘Invasion of Privacy’ are diminished. Of course, they may still be able to bring a case where a statement is blatantly false.

Naturally, some memoirs, autobiographies etc. deal with, or rely upon the inclusion of, well-known, famous or infamous public figures. By default, they have to be identified. If the author has checked the accuracy of the information, there should be no problem provided they take into account all available advice e.g. legal.

Any author who intends to include derogatory information regarding a public figure would be advised to seek legal counsel. A high profile case could easily end with them being made bankrupt. Public figure reputations are often ‘worth their weight in gold’ consequently, unless the critical information is correct, it is in their interest to decry any accusation of mean, immoral, criminal, etc., behaviour.

Important!

The above has been primarily based upon an author including critical/negative information within a book. However, there have been instances where no negative comment has been made and yet the subject of the encounter has objected to their inclusion. This, in the true spirit of the law, could be defined as ‘Invasion of Privacy’. Again, if it is intended to identify the person, authors would be wise to seek permission in the same format as explained above.

The Deceased

Traditionally, laws have not provided for relatives to bring a case for Defamation of Character in respect of a deceased person. This is because defamation is considered to be personal, consequently any ‘harm’ is against the individual. In addition, if a person who has brought such an action passes away during the proceedings, the case, currently, automatically falls by virtue of the same principle.

HOWEVER, there are those who are arguing for the law to be reviewed. So far, no firm ruling has been made because some are concerned about the possible impact such a change may have upon freedom to write about, and discuss, historical events. Nevertheless, the discussion continues with a few, who feel strongly about the matter, pressing for amendments to laws to be enacted.

Another point authors must consider: If a statement considered defamatory against a deceased person is also seen as impinging upon the reputation of a relative or acquaintance, that person may be able to sue.

It has to be said, out of common decency, an author should not see the fact someone is deceased as granting them carte blanche to write whatever they want.

In all instances, no matter the circumstances, an author must always take care and ensure their information is accurate. An author should never assume because the person being talked about has passed-on they are safe from any litigation.

Conclusion

There is no denying writing a memoir, autobiography or biography, can be a bit of a minefield. Authors really do need to take care. Legal advice is the best path but, as most indie authors are short of funds, may not be viable. The alternative of pseudonyms is the most realistic approach for the majority and has been successfully utilised by many authors.

Authors need to remember; even if comments are not critical or negative, there is no automatic protection against litigation. They must be sure of their facts.

Authors also need to be on their guard against seeking retribution. For example, all books in this website (the ‘Books’ page contains full details), are either abridged autobiography or biographical fiction which, frequently detail unpleasant and cruel events. However, the author is not a vindictive person and, though some may deserve to be exposed, it would be unfair to their relatives, decedents, friends and acquaintances, to expose them all to public embarrassment, humiliation or possibly worse. The omission of identifiable details and use of pseudonyms has protected them though this has had a negative impact upon publicity, marketing and consequent sells. Nevertheless, a clear conscious is far more valuable than gold.

Disclaimer: The writer (T. R. Robinson) has no legal training. The above information is either a matter of common knowledge or has been gathered, primarily, through research though some, especially expressed concerns, has been the subject of on-line, social media, discussions.