Jennifer R. Hubbard's Blog, page 65

Editing and jigsaw puzzles

A while ago, I read a book that brought home to me the difference between global editing and line editing, and reminded me of the importance of the former.

The book was well done at the line-edit level: a couple of typos, but nothing serious. At the sentence level, the book was coherent, neat, and professional.

But when I looked at the book as a whole, I could see problems with pacing and the building of the general plot arc. There were also many threads left hanging: Subplots that weren't developed. Intriguing themes that were introduced, but never reappeared, never became integrated into the main story. A lack of smooth transitions, a sense of disconnection between chapters. Even though the story was fascinating, it left me with a dissatisfaction that took me a while to understand. And then I realized it was this lack at the global level.

A well-edited novel is like a completed jigsaw puzzle. All the pieces interlock perfectly. Every piece fits, and no piece is left over. You can admire the whole image, or lift out a piece at a time to examine it. The book I'm thinking of had missing pieces, extra pieces, and places where the pieces didn't fit exactly. There were enough pieces so that I could see a picture, which was satisfying, but the gaps and asymmetry bothered me.

When editing is done well, it's invisible and thus difficult to appreciate--invisibility being inherent in seamlessness. A good story transports the reader so thoroughly that the machinery goes unnoticed.

Facing fear: Icebergs, bears, and young adult novels

This year, I'm going to continue my tradition of having guest posts on a certain topic throughout the year. In 2011, it was second books; in 2012, it was books from our childhood. In 2013, the topic is fear. I picked fear because I thought: we've all felt it; we all develop ways to cope with it. It's a powerful emotion, so there's probably a lot to say about it.

My first guest blogger is Lauren Bjorkman, who's not afraid to have a few chuckles in the face of fear.


When people learn that I sailed across the Atlantic Ocean on an old sailboat just after my 10th birthday, or that I kayaked among icebergs and brown bears in Glacier Bay, or wrote several young adult novels, or traveled to Syria and Yemen, they think that I have NO FEAR. Nothing could be further from the truth. My adventurous life has everything to do with my parents and my husband.

My recent released YA novel, Miss Fortune Cookie, addresses the issue of fear. It tells the story of Erin, a secret advice columnist with a Chinese heart. She speaks Mandarin and lives in San Francisco Chinatown. She and her crazy smart friends have applied to Ivy League colleges.



The story is NOT about me. I rarely give advice to my friends, never lived in Chinatown, and didn’t apply to a single Ivy League school. But Erin and I are alike in one important way. We both let our lack of self-confidence—aka fear of failure—hold us back. Over time I overcame many of my fears—public speaking, aggressive dogs, snorkeling, eating slimy things, mingling at parties. To a degree, anyway. When my self-confidence grew, I finally dared fulfill my dream of writing novels.

In Miss Fortune Cookie, Erin’s confidence takes a big leap after she survives an adventure of a lifetime. Actually, she enjoys some of it. Once she faces her worst fears, she discovers that they did not have the power she imagined they did. This realization frees her to take the next brave steps in her life.

I haven’t overcome every last fear, of course. I’m still terrified of large ocean waves, for instance. I use another strategy to deal with this. It’s called avoidance.

Lauren Bjorkman has sailed across the Atlantic twice, and has written two YA novels, My Invented Life and Miss Fortune Cookie ("Fate will come looking for you. Don’t bother hiding.")

Writers' amnesia

Hindsight enables me to look back on past writing projects and see how I dug each finished story out of the ground. Now that I know what I was digging up, it seems inevitable. I can see where the beginning came from, how the ending fit in, etc., the way an archaeologist might map out a buried city. Unless I revisit my early drafts and deleted scenes, I forget that at the time I first wrote it I was wandering, stumbling into dead ends, backtracking. I often had no clue where I was heading.

This becomes most relevant when I'm working on new projects, and I find myself frustrated by my inability to tear straight through them from first page to final page. It's as if I've never been through this crazy unpredictable process before.

Most laughable of all is the fact that the book I just wrote was my most difficult ever. It involved more false starts, more drafts, more rewrites, more abandoned characters strewn by the wayside, than any of my previous books. So you would think the knowledge that writing is not a straight road but a circuitous path would be fresh in my mind. To which I say: you would think that, but oh, how wrong you would be.

I suppose the delusion that This time, it will be easy! is one of the self-protective mechanisms that enables us to keep at this.

Reason 3645263 libraries are awesome

My local library had an organic garden last year. The garden beds and a pumpkin patch were tended by children. Successful crops included cucumbers, zucchini, peppers, tomatoes, basil, radishes, lettuce, carrots, celery, Swiss chard, and kale.

One more reason I love libraries.

Reading between the lines

Mary Catelli has an excellent post about using primary sources in research. It makes many points that I've often thought about when reading history books and historical fiction. For example, she says: "Everyone who writes, writes for a purpose. Discovering that purpose is not only part of learning about the era, it's also necessary to read between the lines."

Writers have a point of view, an agenda. They may lie, misremember, propagandize, use false flattery. They may make careless mistakes or may deliberately cover something up. They may omit things that are common knowledge at the time.

They have opinions. Imagine polling 100 people about any US President. You are likely to get wildly divergent and contradictory opinions about who that person is, what his intentions are, and whether he's been good for the country. Now imagine if only one of those people wrote down his feelings about the President, and that became the primary source document for a researcher of the future. It's instantly apparent how many facets of a person and an era can be missed.

Also, we have social customs that we all follow, but we rarely write about them and don't formally acknowledge them as rules. This is one of the hardest things for someone to discover and adjust to when moving from one culture to another. To me, the best general example is the speed limit. It's a legal limit, and you can be fined for exceeding it, but 99% of drivers don't follow it and are not punished. In fact, the social pressure is on drivers not to follow it. Those who do obey it are tailgated, honked at, cursed at, cut off in traffic.

That's an example of a society-wide custom that someone relying only on a "Speed Limit 55 mph" sign as a primary source document wouldn't know about. In The Map of My Dead Pilots, Colleen Mondor wrote about bush pilots in Alaska flying with loads whose weight was routinely underreported on the paperwork. According to her book, everyone in that subculture knew about it: the paperwork was not reliable. But a person coming along 100 years from now, reading the paperwork, might not know that. Even now, a person from outside the subculture might not realize that.

This same "reading between the lines" skill is one that we can apply to novels. What's the narrator's agenda, culture, point of view? Is he reliable? What's unspoken here? What is he leaving out? Where is he mistaken, and where is he actively trying to deceive, and why?


A brief note in closing, for those who are interested: My second book, Try Not to Breathe, will be coming out in paperback on Jan. 24. Preorders are available now through IndieBound, Amazon, Barnes & Noble, and Books a Million.

Gift books

We've just gone through a major gift-giving season, and I started musing on the different types of gift books that we give and receive. And so I give you this list:

I bought this book for you because ...

It was on your list.
I know you love this author.
I think you have some interest in the topic, kind of, maybe? At least I think I heard you mention it once?
I had no idea what else to buy you.
I loved this book and I want everyone I know to read it.
I loved this book and hope we can talk about it.
I want to convert you to this religion/diet/self-help school of thought/political party.
The pictures are pretty.
I didn't know you already had it.
It's good for a laugh.
It's a classic.
I saw it mentioned on TV.
It was easy to wrap.
Everyone seems to be reading this book.
It has major significance for us, being a book that: we both love / we discussed on our first date / we both wrote our theses on / was written by our dad ...
I thought of you when I read it.

In my mind I'm 16 +/- 1

"Old age is a special problem for me because I've never been able to shed the mental image I have of myself--a lad of about nineteen."
--E.B. White, on his 70th birthday

I am not 70, but I think many of those who write for young people recognize something in this quotation. We seem to have a mental age setting to which we can easily return, even if our daily lives are spent at a much older age. That mental age is the sweet spot for our stories, and our protagonists are often that age. For me, that age actually stretches over three years: the ages 15 to 17. I can easily call up my mindset from 19-21 also, but until recently there was a much smaller audience for such books.

Is there an age to which you find it easy to return in your mind? Not just to remember, but to relive? To recall and feel again the way you saw the world, the things you cared about, the fears and ambitions you had then?

Show, don't tell: an example

When I came across this passage in A.S. King's Ask the Passengers, I marked it as a perfect example of the old saying Show, don't tell.

"My mother wears expensive high heels all day while she works, even though she works at home. She wears full business attire, too, and makeup and earrings and has her hair perfectly styled, even though nobody ever sees her."

Just by showing us this, the narrator reveals much about her mother. She doesn't tell us, "My mother is formal. My mother cares about appearances. My mother likes to feel that she has things under control." She describes her observations without interpretation. She shows us her mother, and lets us begin to draw our own conclusions.

Like any other writing advice, Show, don't tell is not an absolute to be followed at all times. But it's oft-repeated, and with good reason. And I think this passage is an example of how it can be done well, and why it usually works.

I have always depended on the kindness and brilliance of others

This is one of those posts where I send you all over the internet--but it'll be worth it!

First I call your attention to this blog post by Courtney Summers about writing characters, especially female characters who are not nice (though much of what she says can be applied to characters more generally). A sample: " I was so scared to let a girl be angry and unkind simply because she was a girl and girls are expected to. Be. Nice."

And then there's the 2013 Feminist Reads challenge, hosted by The Hiding Spot. As stated in the original challenge post: "any book that features, by your standards, a strong female character or supports feminist ideals is eligible for this challenge!"

I want to take a moment here to thank all the guest bloggers who helped out with my 2012 blog feature, "books of our youth," in which they discussed the books that had an impact on them while they were growing up. In case you missed any of them, here are links to:
Judith Graves on ANNE OF GREEN GABLES
Ann Malaspina on A SINGLE LIGHT
Charity Tahmaseb on the Betsy-Tacy books
Angelina C. Hansen on CHARLOTTE'S WEB
Alison Ashley Formento on MISS SUZY
C. Lee McKenzie on ALICE IN WONDERLAND
Mindi Scott on THE CATCHER IN THE RYE
Laurel Garver on A SUMMER TO DIE
Michelle Davidson Argyle on THE GIRL WITH THE SILVER EYES
Artie Bennett on Dr. Seuss and ON BEYOND ZEBRA!
Mieke Zamora-Mackay on P.S. I LOVE YOU

Now for three sets of giveaways:
At YA Outside the Lines, there are several book packs, Skype visits, and other swag up for grabs, including some available for international readers. Enter through Jan. 31.
At Beth Kephart Books, you may win a copy of Katrina Kenison's new book, MAGICAL JOURNEY: AN APPRENTICESHIP IN CONTENTMENT. Enter until Jan. 4.
The Story Siren is giving away boxes of advance reader copies, from her stock of review copies. Enter until Jan. 18.

Peaceful days

I love these days between Christmas and New Year's. The decorations are still up. Most of us have some days off. We're spending more time resting, more time socializing. There is a lot of looking back: on past holidays, on the year behind us. There are plans and dreams for a new year.

Today, a thin blanket of snow fell on us to enhance that contemplative, holiday feeling.

Happy dreaming.