Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit Quotes

“To say that "the worker has an interest in the rapid growth of capital", means only this: that the more speedily the worker augments the wealth of the capitalist, the larger will be the crumbs which fall to him, the greater will be the number of workers than can be called into existence, the more can the mass of slaves dependent upon capital be increased.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“Take the example of our spinner. We have seen that, to daily reproduce his labouring power, he must daily reproduce a value of three shillings, which he will do by working six hours daily. But this does not disable him from working ten or twelve or more hours a day. But by paying the daily or weekly value of the spinner's labouring power the capitalist has acquired the right of using that labouring power during the whole day or week. He will, therefore, make him work say, daily, twelve hours. Over and above the six hours required to replace his wages, or the value of his labouring power, he will, therefore, have to work six other hours, which I shall call hours of surplus labour, which surplus labour will realize itself in a surplus value and a surplus produce. If our spinner, for example, by his daily labour of six hours, added three shillings' value to the cotton, a value forming an exact equivalent to his wages, he will, in twelce hours, add six shillings' worth to the cotton, and produce a proportional surplus of yarn. As he has sold his labouring power to the capitalist, the whole value of produce created by him belongs to the capitalist, the owner pro tem. of his labouring power. By advancing three shillings, the capitalist will, therefore, realize a value of six shillings, because, advancing a value in which six hours of labour are crystallized. By repeating this same process daily, the capitalist will daily advance three shillings and daily pocket six shillings, one half of which will go to pay wages anew, and the other half of which will form surplus value, for which the capitalist pays no equivalent. It is this sort of exchange between capital and labour upon which capitalistic production, or the wages system, is founded, and which must constantly result in reproducing the working man as a working man, and the capitalist as a capitalist.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“Growth of productive capital and rise of wages, are they really, so indissolubly united as the bourgeois economists maintain? We must not believe their mere words. We dare not believe them even when they claim that the fatter capital is the more will its slave be pampered.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“But capital not only lives upon labour. Like a master, at once distinguished and barbarous, it drags with it into its grave the corpses of its slaves, whole hecatombs of workers, who perish in the crises.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“The labourer seeks to maintain the total of his wages for a given time by performing more labour, either by working a greater number of hours, or by accomplishing more in the same number of hours. Thus, urged on by want, he himself multiplies the disastrous effects of division of labour. The result is: the more he works, the less wages he receives. And for this simple reason: the more he works, the more he competes against his fellow workmen, the more he compels them to compete against him, and to offer themselves on the same wretched conditions as he does so that, in the last analysis, he competes against himself as a member of the working class.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“This false appearance distinguishes wages labour from other historical forms of labour. On the basis of the wages system even the unpaid labour seems to be paid labour. With the slave, on the contrary, even that part of his labour which is paid appears to be unpaid. Of course, in order to work the slave must live, and one part of his working day goes to replace the value of his own maintenance. But since no bargain is struck between him and his master, and no acts of selling and buying are going on between the two parties, all his labour seems to be given away for nothing.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“The cry for an equality of wages rests, therefore, upon a mistake is an inane wish never to be fulfilled. It is an offspring of that false and superficial radicalism that accepts premises and tries to evade conclusions. Upon the basis of the wages system the value of labouring power is settled like that of every other commodity; and as different kinds of labouring power have different values, or require different quantities of labour for their production, they must fetch different prices in the labour market. To clamour for equal or even equitable retribution on the basis of the wages system is the same as to clamour for freedom on the basis of the slavery system. What you think just or equitable is out of the question. The question is: What is necessary and unavoidable with a given system of production? After what has been said, it will be seen that the value of labouring power is determined by the value of the necessaries required to produce, develop, maintain, and perpetuate the labouring power.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“To sum up: the more productive capital grows, the more it extends the division of labour and the application of machinery; the more the division of labour and the application of machinery extend, the more does competition extend among the workers, the more do their wages shrink together.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“To say that "the worker has an interest in the rapid growth of capital"means only this; that the more speedily the worker augments the wealth of the capitalist, the larger will be the crumbs that fall down to him, the greater number of workers that can be called into existence, the more can the mass of slaves dependent on capital be increased.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“But even if we assume that all who are directly forced out of employment by machinery, as well as all of the rising generation who were waiting for a chance of employment in the same branch of industry, do actually find some new employment—are we to believe that this new employment will pay as high wages as did the one they have lost? If it did, it would be in contradiction to all the laws of political economy. We have seen how modern industry always tends to the substitution of the simpler and more subordinate employments for the higher and more complex ones. How, then, could a mass of workers thrown out of one branch of industry by machinery find refuge in another branch, unless they were to be paid more poorly?”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“Furthermore, to the same degree in which the division of labour increases, is the labour simplified. The special skill of the labourer becomes worthless. He becomes transformed into a simple monotonous force of production, with neither physical nor mental elasticity. His work becomes accessible to all; therefore competitors press upon him from all sides. Moreover, it must be remembered that the more simple, the more easily learned the work is, so much the less is its cost of production, the expense of its acquisition, and so much the lower must the wages sink—for, like the price of any other commodity, they are determined by the cost of production. Therefore, in the same measure in which labour becomes more unsatisfactory, more repulsive, do competition increase and wages decrease.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“Finally, to say that "the most favourable condition for wage. labour is the fastest possible growth of productive capital," is the same as to say: the quicker the working class multiplies and augments the power inimical to it—the wealth of another which lords it over that class—the more favourable will be the conditions under which it will be permitted to toil anew at the multiplication of bourgeois wealth, at the enlargement of the power of capital, content thus to forge for itself the golden chains by which the bourgeoisie drags it in its train.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“What the working man sells is not directly his labour, but his labouring power, the temporary disposal of which he makes over to the capitalist. this is so much the case that I do not know whether by the English Laws, but certainly by some Continental Laws, the maximum time is fixed for which a man is allowed to sell his labouring power. If allowed to do so for any indefinite period whatever, slavery would be immediately restored. Such a sale, if it comprised his lifetime, for example, would make him at once the lifelong slave of his employer.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“In point of fact, however, whether a man works three days of the week for himself on his own field and three days for nothing on the estate of his lord, or whether he works in the factory or the workshop six hours daily for himself and six for his employer, comes to the same, although in the latter case the paid and unpaid portions of labour are inseparably mixed up with each other, and the nature of the whole transaction is completely masked by the intervention of a contract and the pay received at the end of the week. The gratuitous labour appears to be voluntarily given in the one instance, and to be compulsory in the other. That makes all the difference.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“If a man got two shillings weekly wages, and if his wages rose to four shillings, the rate of wages would have risen by 100 per cent. This would seem a very magnificent thing if expressed as a rise in the rate of wages, although the actual amount of wages, four shillings weekly, would still remain a wretchedly small, a starvation, pittance. You must not, therefore, allow yourselves to be carried away by the high-sounding per cents in the rate of wages. You must always ask: What was the original amount?”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“The economists tell us, to be sure, that those labourers who have been rendered superfluous by machinery find new avenues of employment, They dare not assert directly that the same labourers that have been discharged find situations in new branches of labour. Facts cry out too loudly against this lie. Strictly speaking, they only maintain that new means of employment will be found for other sections of the working class; for example, for that portion of the young generation of labourers who were about to enter upon that branch of industry which had just been abolished. Of course, this is a great satisfaction to the disabled labourers. There will be no lack of fresh exploitable blood and muscle for the Messrs. Capitalists—the dead may bury their dead. This consolation seems to be intended more for the comfort of the capitalists themselves than of their labourers. If the whole class of the wage-labourer were to be annihilated by machinery, how terrible that would be for capital, which, without wage-labour, ceases to be capital!”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“We have thus seen that even the most favorable situation for the working class, namely, the most rapid growth of capital, however much it may improve the material life of the worker, does not abolish the antagonism between his interests and the interests of the capitalist. Profit and wages remain as before, in inverse proportion.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“We thus see that the price of a commodity is indeed determined by its cost of production, but in such wise that the periods in which the price of these commodities rises above the cost of production are balanced by the periods in which it sinks below the cost of production, and vice versa. Of course this does not hold good for a single given product of an industry, but only for that branch of industry. So also it does not hold good for an individual manufacturer, but only for the whole class of manufacturers.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“By buying the power of the workman, the capitalist has, therefore, acquired the right to use of make that labouring power during the whole day or week.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“The separation between the Man of Labour and the Instruments of Labout once established, such a state of things will maintain itself and reproduce itself upon a constantly increasing scale, until a new and fundamental revolution in the mode of production should again overturn it, and restore the original union in a new historical form.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“The values of commodities are directly as the times of labour employed in their production, and are inversely as the productive powers of the labour employed.”
― Karl Marx, Wage-Labour and Capital & Value, Price and Profit

“Al mismo tiempo, y aun prescindiendo por completo del esclavizamiento general que entraña el sistema del trabajo asalariado, la clase obrera no debe exagerar a sus propios ojos el resultado final de estas luchas diarias. No debe olvidar que lucha contra los efectos, pero no contra las causas de estos efectos; que lo que hace es contener el movimiento descendente, pero no cambiar su dirección; que aplica paliativos, pero no cura la enfermedad. No debe, por tanto, entregarse por entero a esta inevitable lucha guerrillera, continuamente provocada por los abusos incesantes del capital o por las fluctuaciones del mercado. Debe comprender que el sistema actual, aun con todas las miserias que vuelca sobre ella, engendra simultáneamente las condiciones materiales y las formas sociales necesarias para la reconstrucción económica de la sociedad. En vez del lema conservador de "¡Un salario justo por una jornada de trabajo justa!", deberá inscribir en su bandera esta consigna revolucionaria: "¡Abolición del sistema del trabajo asalariado!”
― Karl Marx, Salario, precio y ganancia

“la tendencia general de la producción capitalista no es a elevar el nivel medio de los salarios, sino, por el contrario, a hacerlo bajar, o sea, a empujar más o menos el valor del trabajo a su límite mínimo. Siendo tal la tendencia de las cosas en este sistema, ¿quiere esto decir que la clase obrera deba renunciar a defenderse contra las usurpaciones del capital y cejar en sus esfuerzos para aprovechar todas las posibilidades que se le ofrezcan para mejorar temporalmente su situación? Si lo hiciese, veríase degradada en una masa uniforme de hombres desgraciados y quebrantados, sin salvación posible.”
― Karl Marx, Salario, precio y ganancia

“y, en términos generales, advertiréis, frente a un enorme aumento de valor no sólo de las mercancías, sino también en general de las operaciones en dinero, una tendencia a la disminución progresiva de los medios de pago.”
― Karl Marx, Salario, precio y ganancia

“Indudablemente, la voluntad del capitalista consiste en embolsarse lo más que pueda. Y lo que hay que hacer no es discurrir acerca de lo que quiere, sino investigar su poder, los límites de este poder y el carácter de estos límites.”
― Karl Marx, Salario, precio y ganancia