Jason Easterly

“Proportionality employs a different standard in a civilian law enforcement context, where human rights–related law prevails, rather than LOAC/IHL. In armed conflict, lethal force is often the first recourse. In civilian law enforcement, when “a state agent uses force against an individual…the effect on the individual is balanced with the aim of protecting a person against unlawful violence. The action is only proportionate if the smallest amount of force necessary is used. Lethal force is only permissible in very narrow circumstances.”185 This interpretation of proportionality is contrary to that in LOAC/IHL.”
― Solis, The Law of Armed Conflict