How Tiny Bubbles Led to a $28 Billion Cost Savings

Each year, over 50,000 large vessels travel the oceans to move people and cargo through the turbulent seas. While a solid ship gliding through malleable water should be… well… smooth sailing, it turns out that intersection between vessel and water is anything but smooth. As the giant metal structures plow through the ocean, friction and drag are expensive obstacles to overcome. To conquer these hostile conditions, the average ocean liner burns over $7.5 million in fuel each year, which helps nei...