Principle and structure of steam boiler

There are too many forms of steam boilers, so let me talk about an ordinary fast-installed 4 ton steam boiler. The principle of the steam boiler is that water is heated into steam in the drum and fire emits heat in the furnace.

Say the boiler first “pot”. This boiler is a drum-type boiler with a water-cooled wall, and two return fireworks are arranged in the left and right sections of the drum, which are folded back in the front smoke box at the front of the drum. Between the boiler tube and the lower connecting box, there is a downcomer and a water-cooled tube to form the frame of the combustion chamber. There is a steam-water separator in the upper part of the drum to reduce the water brought out by the steam. The heating surface of the pot body is the lower part of the pot barrel, water-cooled tube and pyrotechnic tube.



The combustion part is composed of a chain grate and a driving device, plus a combustion chamber formed by the pot body frame on the grate frame. Refractory materials are protected around. . Coal is fired from the coal hopper, and coal gates control the thickness of the coal seam while sealing the front air. The lower part of the combustion chamber is where the blast enters. This kind of boiler has a large resistance and requires forced blast.

The cinder-burning coal slag is discharged through the “eagle mouth” at the rear of the grate, and is sent out of the furnace by the slag discharger. The flue gas travels from the back of the boiler through the one-pass smoke pipe of the boiler tube, returns to the rear from the two-pass smoke pipe, enters the dust collector to separate the ash, and then is discharged from the chimney through the induced draft fan. The induced draft fan not only exhausts the flue gas, but is also necessary for the negative pressure operation of the boiler. Steam boilers are power containers, and safety devices are necessary.

Boiler necessary water level gauge, pressure gauge, safety valve, thermometer, as well as electric water supply pump that can make up water under pressure, and steam pump that can also be used when power is off.

Boiler water must be softened, as well as water treatment equipment.