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Peacekeepers At War: Beirut 1983- The Marine Commander Tells His Story Peacekeepers At War: Beirut 1983- The Marine Commander Tells His Story by Timothy J. Geraghty
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“Quickly, reality set in. It was obvious that we had suffered heavy casualties, but I still did not know exactly what caused the attack. Shortly thereafter, someone reported to me that a large truck had penetrated our perimeter south of the BLT’s headquarters from the direction of the airport’s main terminal. The driver had rammed through the sergeant of the guard’s post in front of the BLT building’s entrance and detonated the truck’s payload in the lobby. The explosive force of the blast caused the concrete, steel-reinforced four-story structure, which was considered one of the strongest buildings in Lebanon, to completely collapse. Its total devastation was astounding. I took in this carnage as cries for help pierced the air.”
Timothy J. Geraghty, Peacekeepers at War: Beirut 1983—The Marine Commander Tells His Story
“The synchronized suicide attacks that Sunday morning resulted in the deaths of 299 U.S. and French peacekeepers and scores of wounded. The cost to Hezbollah was two suicide bombers.”
Timothy J. Geraghty, Peacekeepers at War: Beirut 1983—The Marine Commander Tells His Story
“For the 24th MAU and the other MAUs that served in Lebanon during the tumultuous 1982–84 period, your courage, your sacrifices, your dedication to duty, and your eternal spirit are with us forever. Above all, your sacrifices were not in vain. It was only after the 1983 bombing of our BLT Headquarters that the United States officially recognized that terrorist activities are a form of warfare and that a comprehensive strategy must be devised to deal with this national security threat. Additionally, the magnificent performance of our fighting men and women in Afghanistan, Iraq, the Horn of Africa, the Philippines, and elsewhere around the globe may be traced to your legacy. Once again, I salute you for who you are, what you have done, and your sacrifices to make the world a better place. As always, take care of yourselves, take care of each other, God Bless, and Semper Fidelis. AL GRAY, MARINE TWENTY-NINTH C”
Timothy J. Geraghty, Peacekeepers at War: Beirut 1983—The Marine Commander Tells His Story
“On September 29, 1982, the 32nd MAU arrived in Beirut to join the twenty-two hundred French and Italian troops already in place. The Marines’ mission was “to establish an environment which will permit the Lebanese Armed Forces to carry out their responsibilities in the Beirut area. When directed, USCINCEUR will introduce U.S. forces as part of a multinational force presence in the Beirut area to occupy and secure positions along a designated section of the line from south of the Beirut International Airport to a position in the vicinity of the Presidential Palace; be prepared to protect U.S. forces; and, on order, conduct retrograde operations as required.” The agreement “expressly ruled out any combat responsibilities for the U.S. forces.”9”
Timothy J. Geraghty, Peacekeepers at War: Beirut 1983—The Marine Commander Tells His Story
“Explosion at BLT 1/8 HQS … a large explosion at BLT 1/8 HQS Building collapsed the roof and leveled the building. Large numbers of dead and wounded. Are using MSSG-24 and Italian MNF medical and will medevac out of LS Brown. French report a building in their sector also bombed … unknown injured; BLT HQS destroyed.”
Timothy J. Geraghty, Peacekeepers at War: Beirut 1983—The Marine Commander Tells His Story
“My logistics officer (S-4), Maj. Bob Melton, joined me in the search to find out what had happened when suddenly the acrid fog began to lift. I looked north toward the buildings behind my headquarters. Then, as I turned to the south, Melton gasped, “My God, the BLT building is gone!” As I absorbed the magnitude of the scene before me, I experienced a moment of disbelief like no other. The sickening knot in my stomach grew more intense. The BLT Headquarters building billeted more than three hundred Marines, sailors, and soldiers. I was crying hard on the inside but had no time for personal feelings. There was work to be done.”
Timothy J. Geraghty, Peacekeepers at War: Beirut 1983—The Marine Commander Tells His Story
“But this morning would be anything but quiet and routine. At 6:22—soon after I returned to my quarters/office, which I shared with Lt. Col. Harry Slacum, to review the daily schedule and reports—a massive explosion rocked our headquarters, followed by enormous shock waves. Shards of glass from blown-out windows, equipment, manuals, and papers flew across my office. Fortunately, we had put duct tape on all the windows for such an eventuality, but a large section of the sandbag wall, built on the outside ledge, was blasted away. The entry door to my office, which was on the far side away from the explosion, had been blown off its hinges, and the door frame was bent. The force of the blast had cracked the reinforced concrete foundation of my headquarters. Other than superficial cuts, neither Harry nor I was injured. With”
Timothy J. Geraghty, Peacekeepers at War: Beirut 1983—The Marine Commander Tells His Story
“The Israel Defense Forces were routinely experiencing ambushes along Sidon Road, their main supply route, that resulted in high casualties. The Marines’ assigned position at BIA was adjacent to the MSR, which led to several ugly confrontations between the IDF and the Marines. Prior to our mission in Lebanon, the Marine-IDF relationship reflected a mutual respect between two warrior cultures. Many Israelis were U.S. citizens, had attended our service schools, and enjoyed a hard-earned reputation for winning decisive victories on the field of battle. The Marines were not alone in embracing the Israelis’ demonstrated courage and sacrifice in defense of their homeland. However, this relationship changed in Lebanon. The Israelis had a long-established policy of mercilessly responding to any attack against them, even minor ones. A sniper round from a village would cause the IDF to open up with .50-caliber machine gun fire from a convoy in many directions. This indiscriminate fire caused numerous civilian casualties, which”
Timothy J. Geraghty, Peacekeepers at War: Beirut 1983—The Marine Commander Tells His Story
“Guidelines for ROE 1. When on post, mobile, or foot patrol, keep loaded magazine in weapon, bolt closed, weapon on safe, no round in the chamber. 2. Do not chamber a round unless told to do so by a commissioned officer unless you must act in immediate self-defense where deadly force is authorized. 3. Keep ammo for crew-served weapons readily available but not loaded. Weapon is on safe. 4. Call local forces to assist in self-defense effort. Notify headquarters. 5. Use only minimum degree of force to accomplish any mission. 6. Stop the use of force when it is no longer needed to accomplish the mission. 7. If you receive effective hostile fire, direct your fire at the source. If possible, use friendly snipers. 8. Respect civilian property; do not attack it unless absolutely necessary to protect friendly forces. 9. Protect innocent civilians from harm. 10. Respect and protect recognized medical agencies such as Red Cross, Red Crescent, etc. Col. Jim Mead’s 32nd MAU was relieved by Col. Tom Stokes’s 24th MAU on October 30, 1982. The transition was seamless, morale was high, and all hands assumed their responsibilities enthusiastically. Colonel Stokes also honored the Ministry of Defense’s request to help train the LAF. The government of Lebanon (GOL) introduced conscription, and young men from all over Lebanon answered the call to colors. The various religious groups—the Christians, Druze, Sunnis, and Shiites—were being trained and integrated into the Lebanese Army. Although the U.S. Army already had an ongoing training mission in effect, it was viewed that the Marines’ additional training would quickly improve the LAF’s combat capabilities. The results of the training courses led to their expansion, particularly among the noncommissioned officers (NCOs). The religious integration of the LAF was a major goal of its commander, Gen. Ibrahim Tannous, who wanted to produce a true national army. The Marine training was contributing to that end.”
Timothy J. Geraghty, Peacekeepers at War: Beirut 1983—The Marine Commander Tells His Story
“Osama bin Laden drew inspiration from Hezbollah’s dual suicide attacks against the multinational forces in Beirut in 1983. Al Qaeda’s first simultaneous suicide attacks on two U.S. embassies in eastern Africa on August 7, 1998, were directly modeled on Hezbollah’s 1983 attacks. Al Qaeda’s coordinated suicide missions expanded the model three years later for four simultaneous airplane hijackings on September 11, 2001. The nineteen Islamic jihadists, who were armed only with box cutters, successfully hijacked four commercial planes to carry out their suicide mission. Their bravado spoke for itself in that they didn’t even bother to have a backup plan.”
Timothy J. Geraghty, Peacekeepers at War: Beirut 1983—The Marine Commander Tells His Story