St. John Ambulance First Aid Reference Guide Quotes

“You should complete a secondary survey if: The casualty has more than one injury Medical help will be delayed for 20 minutes or more You will transport the casualty to medical help The secondary survey has four steps: History Vital signs Head-to-toe exam First aid for any injury or illness found”
― St. John Ambulance, St. John Ambulance First Aid Reference Guide

“To assess the pulse, use two fingers and gently place them on either the inside of the wrist (just below the hand on the thumb side), or on the side of the neck (carotid artery), or for infants, the inside of the upper arm, on the brachial artery. Press just gently enough to feel the pulse. You may have to feel around the area until you find it. Once you have found the pulse, count the number of beats over 30 seconds and multiply that number by two.”
― St. John Ambulance, St. John Ambulance First Aid Reference Guide

“Head-to-toe exam The head-to-toe exam is a complete and detailed check of the casualty for any injuries that may have been missed during the rapid body survey. Do not examine for unlikely injuries. You may need to expose an area to check for injuries, but always respect the casualty’s modesty and ensure you protect them from the cold. Only expose what you absolutely have to. Ask the casualty if they feel any pain before you start. Note any responses. Speak to the casualty throughout the process. Explain what you are checking for as you proceed. Always watch the casualty’s face for any facial expressions that may indicate pain. Do not stop the exam. If you find an injury, note it and continue. Do not step over the casualty. If you need to, walk around them. During a detailed exam, you are looking for all bumps, bruises, scrapes, or anything that is not normal. If the casualty is unconscious, look for medic alert devices during your survey, such as a tag, bracelet, necklace, watch, or other indicator. Look, then feel”
― St. John Ambulance Association, St. John Ambulance First Aid Reference Guide