The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics Quotes

“for exemptions for their outbreak investigations rather than quibble over whether such investigations are research or public health practice. There is nothing in an outbreak investigation that presents to the subjects risks as great as those presented by research on public benefit or service programs (particularly “possible changes in or alternatives to those programs”), a category that is already exempted at 45 CFR 46.101(b)(5) of the U.S. federal regulations.31”
― Ezekiel J. Emanuel, The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics