Marine Biology Quotes

“Coral reefs provide food for hundreds of millions of people, with reef fish species comprising about one-quarter of the total fish catch in less developed countries. They serve as natural protective barriers, sheltering coastal communities from the waves generated by hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones. They are also the basis of employment through tourism for millions of people in the many regions with reefs in their coastal waters. Apart from these ecosystem services, valued in many billions of dollars, coral reefs have tremendous intrinsic value that is impossible to quantify as anyone who has snorkelled or dived on a healthy reef can attest—without coral reefs our planet and human society would be infinitely poorer.”
― Philip V. Mladenov, Marine Biology: A Very Short Introduction

“The marine plastic debris crisis has been largely addressed thanks to a groundswell of community concern that galvanized governments and industry to take appropriate measures. Governments, particularly in poorer nations, have funded improved waste collection systems that stem the loss of plastics from the land to the oceans via rivers. The demand for plastics has been greatly reduced because of global bans on single use plastic bags and reduced use of plastic in packaging. Furthermore, efficient systems are in place to collect and recycle plastic into new products thus greatly reducing the amount of virgin plastic being manufactured. After some initial teething problems effective systems to remove plastic debris from the oceanic gyres are in operation and the amount of plastic in the gyres has been reduced by three-quarters, reducing harm to marine organisms and reducing the source of much of the microplastics in the oceans. Shorelines and seascapes around the world are now much cleaner and there are much reduced levels of microplastics in seafood.”
― Philip V. Mladenov, Marine Biology: A Very Short Introduction

“As a result of human-induced climate change, the Arctic region is warming, and it is doing so at a rate faster than the rest of the planet. This is having a great impact on the Arctic Ocean ice cap. One stark trend is that the overall thickness of the sea ice is decreasing rapidly—it declined from a mean of 3.64 metres in 1980 to 1.89 metres in 2008. Prior to the late 1970s, sea ice typically extended over close to 15.6 million square kilometres in late winter in the Arctic. However, the maximum winter extent of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean has been decreasing by an average of 3 per cent per decade since 1979 and in recent years at a much faster rate than this; it is now down to about 14.4 million square kilometres. The extent of minimum summer ice cover is decreasing at an even faster rate. Sea ice typically extended over about 7 million square kilometres at summer’s end in the Arctic. Over the past decade, though, the minimum sea ice extent has been only 3.5 to 5 million square kilometres. At this rate, the Arctic Ocean will become nearly or completely ice free for several months a year before 2040, and possibly within the next decade.”
― Philip V. Mladenov, Marine Biology: A Very Short Introduction