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The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang, Nvidia, and the World's Most Coveted Microchip The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang, Nvidia, and the World's Most Coveted Microchip by Stephen Witt
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“The truth, not widely understood until later, was that the deep-learning revolution was as much a revolution in hardware as software. It was the product of not one but two unpopular, cast-off, discredited, and cash-starved technologies whose ideal form could only be revealed in synthesis. Neural nets running on parallel computers: these tightly coupled technologies were the twin strands of DNA for a new and powerful organism, looking to consume all the data in the world.”
Stephen Witt, The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang and Nvidia, the company shaping the future of AI
“Now I saw where the fear was coming from. The executives were more afraid of Jensen yelling at them than they were of wiping out the human race.”
Stephen Witt, The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang and Nvidia, the company shaping the future of AI
“But the final word went to Morris Chang. He didn’t attribute Huang’s success to his work ethic, which, at TSMC, would have been considered slightly above average—nor did he find him especially adaptable. Chang was ninety-two years old when I spoke with him, wearing a purple corded sweater and sitting in front of a striking piece of abstract art, his face serene, his hair completely white. In seventy years of corporate life across two continents he had seen every manner of executive there was to see. To him, the explanation was simple, and there was no secret: “His intellect is just superior.”
Stephen Witt, The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang and Nvidia, the company shaping the future of AI
“For Dally, it was Huang’s tireless work ethic that made Nvidia succeed. Even Dally, who left no spare second in his day, could not quite believe the superhuman efforts of his boss. “The rest of us are just here to reduce the bandwidth demands on Jensen,” Dally said. “I mean, when does he sleep?” Diercks agreed: “His hobbies are work, email, and work.”
Stephen Witt, The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang and Nvidia, the company shaping the future of AI
“Krizhevsky himself escaped the dragnet. Rarely saying a word to anyone, he was not the ideal collaborator, and he departed Google in 2017. His share of the auction money was just under $15 million, enough not to work anymore, especially given the asceticism of his lifestyle. In 2019 he granted a Japanese news crew a visit inside his Bay Area home. Krizhevsky lived like a Benedictine monk, in a spartan apartment above a Vietnamese restaurant. The walls inside were completely bare; the only items of furniture were a desk, a couch, a digital piano, and a television; the only sign of life in the place was his house cat. Krizhevsky, the Orville Wright of the neural net, told the news crew he had walked away from the technology. “Maybe it’s just my personality,” he said, “but when I spend a very long time specializing in something, after about ten years I start to lose interest.”
Stephen Witt, The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang and Nvidia, the company shaping the future of AI
“The executives were more afraid of Jensen yelling at them than they were of wiping out the human race.”
Stephen Witt, The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang, Nvidia, and the World's Most Coveted Microchip
“Catanzaro was uncorked now—I sensed that he didn’t often get to share this perspective at his job. “It doesn’t need to inhabit this biosphere. In fact, it doesn’t need to be on the Earth, either, because the thing about artificial intelligence is that it travels at the speed of light. Humans, you know, we actually have to lug bodies around. Artificial intelligence can move along a radio signal as long as there’s an antenna on the other side.” Free of the limitations of biology, Catanzaro explained, AI would rapidly spread throughout the solar system and beyond. “Humans are naturally confrontational—like, we’re territorial animals, and it’s built into our limbic system to defend our turf,” he said. “AI, if it’s truly intelligent, the things that it’s interested in are so much bigger than the little thin crust of Earth that the humans live on. I don’t think that it’s going to be interested in taking that from us. Rather, I feel like AI is going to want to take care of us.” • • • Serving as a zoo animal for a space computer was an experience to be savored at leisure.”
Stephen Witt, The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang, Nvidia, and the World's Most Coveted Microchip
“The bias against neural nets, Hinton felt, was “ideological,” a word he pronounced in the same venomous tone that Huang had used to say “political.” The ideology of the research community at the time was that it was not enough that AI be useful. Instead, AI should somehow “unlock” the secrets of intelligence and encode them in math. The standard, 1,100-page AI textbook of the time was a survey of probabilistic reasoning, decision trees, and support-vector machines. The neural nets got just ten pages, with a brief discussion of backgammon up front. When Hinton’s colleague designed a neural net that outperformed state-of-the-art software for recognizing pedestrians, he couldn’t even get his paper admitted to a conference. “The reaction was well, that doesn’t count, because it doesn’t explain how the computation is done—it’s just not telling us anything,” Hinton said.”
Stephen Witt, The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang, Nvidia, and the World's Most Coveted Microchip
“But as Garlick acclimated to these shortcuts, he came to see the value of the Nvidia approach. “There was a bizarre brilliance to it all: just iterate, iterate, iterate, execute, execute, execute,” he said. “The way I see it now, tech debt is the battle scar of the survivor.”
Stephen Witt, The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang, Nvidia, and the World's Most Coveted Microchip