Democratizing Innovation Quotes

“Trial-and-error experimentation can be informal or formal; the underlying principles are the same. As an example on the informal side, consider a user experiencing a need and then developing what eventually turns out to be a new product: the skateboard. In phase 1 of the cycle, the user combines need and solution information into a product idea: “I am bored with roller skating. How can I get down this hill in a more exciting way? Maybe it would be fun to put my skates’ wheels under a board and ride down on that.” In phase 2, the user builds a prototype by taking his skates apart and hammering the wheels onto the underside of a board. In phase 3, he runs the experiment by climbing onto the board and heading down the hill. In phase 4, he picks himself up from an inaugural crash and thinks about the error information he has gained: “It is harder to stay on this thing than I thought. What went wrong, and how can I improve things before my next run down the hill?”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“Perhaps you can change the wallpaper, but you are less likely to change Uncle Bill, your kids, your established tastes with respect to a living environment, or your resource constraints.”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“hard to create. One will very likely
be rejected with the rebuke that one should not spoil the fun! Pleasure as a motivator can apply to the development of commercially”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“Then I remembered the "Chip," a small experimental board we had built with footstraps, and thought "it's dumb not to use this for jumping." That's when I first started jumping with footstraps and discovering controlled flight. I could go so much faster”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“1978 Jurgen Honscheid came over from West Germany for the first Hawaiian World Cup and discovered jumping, which was new to him, although Mike Horgan and I were jumping in 1974 and 1975. There was a new enthusiasm for jumping and we were all trying to outdo each other by jumping higher and higher. The problem was that ... the riders flew off in mid-air because there was no way to keep the board with you-and”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“high-performance windsurfing techniques and equipment in Hawaii by an informal user group. High-performance windsurfing involves acrobatics such as jumps and flips and turns in mid-air. Larry Stanley, a pioneer in high-performance windsurfing, described the development of a major innovation in technique and equipment”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“the Sources of Innovation: The Case of Scientific Instruments." Research Policy 23, no. 4: 459-469.”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“unexpected means: they often “freely reveal” what they have developed. When we say that an innovator freely reveals information about a product or service it has developed”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“2003; Lakhani and Wolf 2005). Users’ Low-Cost Innovation Niches (Chapter 5) An exploration of the basic processes of product and service development show that users and manufacturers tend to develop different types of innovations. This is due in part to information asymmetries: users and manufacturers tend to know different things. Product developers need two types of information in order to succeed at their work: need and context-of-use information (generated by users) and generic solution information (often initially generated by manufacturers specializing in a particular type of solution). Bringing these two types of information together is not easy. Both need information and solution information are often very “sticky”—that is”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“unless they have direct use for the innovations—must sell the materials or services in order to profit from the innovations. The user and manufacturer”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“Product-development processes traditionally used by manufacturers start with market researchers who study customers in their target markets to learn about unsatisfied needs. Next, the need information”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“price to scientists GE managers judged most likely to develop important improvements.”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“price to scientists GE managers judged most likely to develop important improvements. These machines are supplied with restrictive interlocks”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“final example of a strategy in which manufacturers offer a platform to support user innovation of value to them,”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“totally”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“fundamental”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“role is to have needs, which manufacturers then identify and fill by designing and producing new products. The manufacturer-centric”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“direction,”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“In the specific instance of product and service development, a major divergence of interests between user and custom manufacturer does exist: the user wants to get precisely what it needs, to the extent that it can afford to do so. In contrast, the custom manufacturer wants to lower its development costs by incorporating solution elements it already has or that it predicts others will want in the future—even if by doing so it does not serve its present client’s needs as well as it could.”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“40 percent—engage in developing or modifying products. About half of these studies do not determine representative innovation frequencies;”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“benefits from a solution to the needs they have encountered there. The correlations found between innovation by users and lead user status are highly”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“innovating users (both individuals and firms) show them to have the characteristics”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“innovation”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“continuous,”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“research”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“Early in my research on the democratization of innovation I was very fortunate to gain five major academic mentors”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“enabling that transition was my close friend and colleague Dietmar Harhoff.”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“Manufacturers agency costs and, 46-50 characteristics of, 3 custom products and, 6, 14, 15, 33 innovation and, 13-15, 121-131, 147-164 dimensions-of-merit product improvements and, 146 expectations of economic benefit by, 2-9, 33, 51-52, 56 free revealing and, 9, 10, 80 government policy and, 2, 107, 108, 117-119 information asymmetries of, 8, 9, 70-72 innovation and, 1-3, 6-9, 14-17, 27, 33, 37, 45, 49-52, 56, 70-76, 107-119, 133, 136, 147-164, 174 lead users and, 4, 5, 27, 127, 133-136, 144-146 national competitive advantage and, 170-172 social welfare and, 7-13 transaction costs and, 55-57 innovate-or-buy decisions and, 6, 7 Marketing research, 15, 16, 37, 133, 134, 167 Marples, D., 63 Martin, J., 150 Marwell, G., 90 Mathews, J., 25 Maurer, S., 115 McAdam, D., 90 McCool, Rob, 101 Mead, L., 152 Means, R., 56 Meckling, W., 6, 46 Merges, Robert, 113, 114 Merton, Robert, 168 Meyer, M., 99 Microsoft, 13, 128, 151 Midgely, David, 23, 179 Mishina, K., 79 MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, 97, 98 Mitchell, R., 40 Molin, M., 129 Mollick, Ethan, 131 Morrison, Pamela, 4, 10, 20, 23-27, 34, 35, 79, 136-143, 179 Mountain biking, 20, 34-37, 72-75, 94 Muniz, A., 174 Nagata, A., 84 Narver, J., 144 National competitive advantage, 170-172. See also Government policy Nelson, R., 68, 84, 113, 114, 170 Niedner, S., 8, 60 Nuvolari, A., 10, 78, 79 Ogawa, S., 8, 71, 72, 108 O’Guinn, T., 174 Oliver, P., 90 Olson, E., 144 Olson, M., 89, 90 Open source software. See also Free software communities and, 172, 174 innovation and, 97-102, 126, 129-132 free revealing and, 9-11, 80, 86, 87 innovation communities and, 11, 93, 96-102, 111, 113, 124, 126, 129-132, 172, 181 intellectual commons and, 115-117 intellectual property rights and, 9, 10, 115-117 knowledge and, 169, 170 Ostrom, E., 90 Outdoor products, 20, 21 Patents. See Intellectual property rights”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“national competitive advantage”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation

“intellectual”
― Eric von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation