“This list gives a sense of the timing and pace of innovation in the UK: 1712: Steam engine invented. 1719: Silk factory established. 1733: Flying shuttle (basic weaving machine) invented. 1764: Spinning jenny (multi-spindle weaving machine) invented. 1765: Separate condenser (for steam engines) invented. 1769: Water frame (hydraulic power for weaving machines) invented; steam engine upgraded. 1785: Power loom invented; iron refining developed. 1801: Steam-powered locomotive on wheels invented. 1816: Steam-powered locomotive on rail patented. 1825: Railway construction initiated on a line connecting Manchester and Liverpool.”