“Suppose you are told there is a rule for producing sets of three numbers, and the set 2, 4, 6 fits the rule. How would you determine what the rule is, and provide other sets of numbers that fit the rule? Almost everyone will immediately say that the rule is about subsequent increasing even numbers, and so another set is: 8, 10, 12 or 20, 22, 24. Although this rush to judgment—that is, wherein you say to yourself, “I should continue along my first hypothesis, the pattern of even numbers based on the factor 2”—is normal, it leads you to overlook the full range of possible answers. The rule could be only about increasing numbers (so 3, 5, 7 could work), or only about even numbers (so 6, 4, 2 would be a good answer, too).”