There are three kinds of systems in your business: Hard Systems, Soft Systems, and Information Systems. Hard Systems are inanimate, unliving things. My computer is a Hard System, as are the colors in this office’s reception area. Soft Systems are either animate—living—or ideas. You are a Soft System; so is the script for Hamlet. Information Systems are those that provide us with information about the interaction between the other two. Inventory control, cash flow forecasting, and sales activity summary reports are all Information Systems. The Innovation, Quantification, Orchestration, and
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