James Fries’ landmark study, “Aging, Natural Death, and the Compression of Morbidity,” published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1980,1 he made it very clear that if people maintained their ideal weight, didn’t smoke, and exercised regularly, they would live long, healthy, vigorous lives. And when it came time to die, they would go quickly, painlessly, and cheaply. Those who were overweight, smoked, and didn’t exercise died long, painful, expensive deaths. The healthy group dramatically lengthened their years of disease-free life, that is, their health span (how long they maintained
...more