The most important cleavage dividing the working classes in today’s North Atlantic democracies is rivalry for jobs, public services, and status among old-stock natives and recent immigrants and their descendants. To understand this rift within the working class, we must add to James Burnham’s analysis of managerial rule the split labor market theory first proposed by sociologist Edna Bonacich in 1972.18 According to Bonacich, a split labor market occurs when there are “at least two groups of workers whose price of labor differs for the same work, or would differ if they did the same work.” In
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