The Diabetes Code: Prevent and Reverse Type 2 Diabetes Naturally

by Jason Fung

ingested nutrients, the liver is naturally the epicenter of health

problems related to excess consumption. Ins...

is primarily caused by excessive fatty infiltration of the liver caused in turn by excessive glucose and fructose consumption. In other words, too much sugar causes fatt...

as Figure 6.5...

“Ockham’s razor.” This postulate holds that the hypothesis with the fewest assumptions is often true. In other words, the simplest explanation is usually correct.

beta cell dysfunction.

since body fat is essentially a method of food energy storage, diseases

of fat storage involve

the liver int...

Excess dietary fat bypasses the liver and can be stored

anywhere in the body.

Fat carried under the skin (subcutaneous fat) contributes to ove...

mass index but has mini...

consequ...

Excess dietary carbohydrates and protein are stored first in the liver as

glycogen. Once glycogen stores are

full, DNL converts glucose to fat, which can then be export...

to the rest of the body, including ...

in and around the ...

or...

Fat inside the liver, rather than overall obesity, is the crucial stepping stone toward insulin resistance and diabetes. Fatty liver is associated at all stages of insulin resistance from obesity to prediabetes to full-blown

diabetes. And that relationship holds in

all racial groups and et...

but an increased waist circumference or waist-to-height ratio is an important clue to its presence. Blood

markers of liver damage also often mirror that slow rise, and this phase has been termed “the long,

s...

scream from the...

Fatty liver is a completely reversible process.

Refined carbohydrates, which cause large increases in insulin, are

far more sinister than dietary fat.

Fat cells are specialized for fat storage; muscle cells are not.

Cows are ruminants, which means they normally

eat grass and do not develop marbling.

Fat deposition in skeletal muscles, obesity, and severity of insulin resistance are closely related.25 Muscles from obese subjects take up fatty acid at an equal rate to lean subjects but burn it at only half the speed, leading to greater accumulation of fat within the muscles. Weight loss can partially rectify this problem. Why can’t the muscle just burn off this fat? The answer lies in the biochemical

process known as the Randle cycle.

Randle demonstrated that cells burning glucose could not burn fat and

vice versa.

Your body simply cannot use both fuels simu...

either burn sugar or fat, bu...

When the body is mostly burning fat, such as during very low–carbohydrate diets or fasting, it cannot burn glucose. Therefore,

if you start to eat carbohydrates, the cells temporarily cannot handle the glucose load and your blood glucose levels rise. This phenomenon looks like insulin resistance but is not really the same mechanism at all. As insulin rises, the body switches to burning

The opposite is also true. When the

body is burning glucose, it cannot burn fat,

but saves stored fat for later ...

The Randle cycle ensures the skeletal muscle cells cannot simply burn off the excess fat when they are...

They are burning glucose, not fat, so it accumulates. Voilà! Fatt...

resis...

low calorie diet.28 The fact that weight loss can reverse type 2 diabetes also implies reversibility to the beta cell function. Simply, the beta cells are not burnt out.

Developing type 2 diabetes is not simply a function of increased body fat but the accumulation of intra-organic

fat.