But before that happened—in fact, before Bell had even thought of his theorem—another rebellion had started. This academic fight quickly grew into a revolution, toppling the previous order, with huge implications for the foundations of quantum physics. Nonetheless, it escaped the notice of John Bell and most other physicists. In fact, it hardly involved physicists at all. Yet the overthrow of logical positivism and the rise of scientific realism radically changed philosophy of science—and ultimately struck a major blow at the root of the Copenhagen interpretation itself.