The financial isolation of the urban black population was a result of years of racism, but there were no ready villains, no Bull Connor or whites-only water fountains. “The segregated practices in the South are kind of public butchery,” noted Saul Alinsky. “It’s visible. There’s bleeding all over the place. Up here [in the North] we use a stiletto, it’s internal bleeding, it’s not visible, but it’s just as deadly.”
