Jackson initially gave Monroe an estimate of 1,500, a number he later revised to 2,600. The American losses on the Chalmette Plain on January 8 amounted to no more than a dozen dead. More would be killed on the west bank and in skirmishes in the days following, but the battle, indisputably, was a far greater disaster for the British. General Jackson’s earthworks and his unlikely melding of men had held. The city of New Orleans no longer feared a British invasion. For the nation, the meaning was larger, too. Against all odds, General Jackson had preserved the mouth of the Mississippi for
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