Knock-on effects can, of course, be positively reinforcing too. Reforesting hillsides tends to enrich biodiversity, increase soil fertility and water retention, and help sequester carbon dioxide. And the benefits for local communities may be many: more diverse forest food and fibre to harvest; greater security of water supply; improved nutrition and health; and more resilient livelihoods. It may be tempting, for simplicity’s sake, to seek to devise policies addressing each one of the planetary and social boundaries in turn, but that simply won’t work: their interconnectedness demands that they
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