they linked Ukrainian nationalism to looting, killing and above all pogroms. Great efforts were made to gather “testimony” against Petliura and the generals who were associated with him, and to publish it in different languages.40 Petliura himself was murdered in Paris in 1926 by a Russian Jew, Sholom Schwartzbard, who claimed to be taking revenge for the pogroms. Even if Schwartzbard wasn’t a direct Soviet agent, as many thought at the time, he was certainly inspired by Soviet propaganda that demonized Petliura.
