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N2 is described in chemistry books as odorless, colorless, nonflammable, nonexplosive, nontoxic, and nonreactive. The key word is “nonreactive.” N2 is inert, unavailable, dead. If it is to have any biological use—like forming the amino acids, proteins, enzymes, DNA, and RNA of life—then it has to be broken down into two separate atoms. Only then can nitrogen link to hydrogen to form ammonia (NH3) or to oxygen to form nitrates (NO3). Either of these forms can be used in soil to provide nitrogen to crops.
