Then there’s the spying. In his important 2013 book, Who Owns the Future?, the tech writer Jaron Lanier describes the emerging Internet giants of our time as “third-party spy service[s].” Many of them, he argues, make their profits via “the creation of ultrasecret mega-dossiers about what others are doing”;8 everything else they offer—retail sales, connecting with friends, searching the Internet—is secondary.
