Luke tells us that Paul and Barnabas had heated discussions with these Judean visitors, and eventually the Antioch leaders commissioned them to lead a delegation to Jerusalem to seek the Pillars’ advice. They arrived in the city late in 48 or early in 49 CE.64 We have two accounts of this meeting. Luke, who may have misunderstood some of the issues, makes it sound as if the Antiochenes were seeking the apostles’ approval. But Paul, our only eyewitness, insists in his letter to the Galatians that this was a meeting between equals, a joint struggle to find a reasonable solution to a problem that
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