As Shirley Heath wrote: “[Middle class] children continue friendships initiated within their parents’ network of friends. Hence both in-school and out-of-school activities, the [middle class] young choose as friends the children of those adults with whom their parents interact in specific clusters of voluntary associations” (1996, 241–42). All of this contributes to middle class kids’ sense that the world is theirs to inherit. Since they do not see the barriers working class teens face, they believe that their achievements are determined by nothing but their own individual efforts. This is
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