The higher the unexpected pattern needs to go, the more regions of the cortex get involved in resolving the unexpected input. Finally, when a region somewhere up the hierarchy thinks it can understand the unexpected event, it generates a new prediction. This new prediction propagates down the hierarchy as far as it can go. If the new prediction is not right, an error will be detected, and again it will climb up the hierarchy until some region can interpret it as part of its currently active sequence. Thus we can see that observed patterns flow up the hierarchy and predictions flow down the
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