I've headcanoned the 'current' population of Barrayar as being around 200 million. Thanks for confirming that I'm in the right range.
My very back-of-the-envelope calculations are as follows: The Vorkosigan's District is said to have a population of 'millions' (I don't remember which book this is stated in). Taking the most conservative estimate for 'millions', I estimated that the District has a population around 2 million. However, it's one of the less densely populated districts, as it's predominantly rural. So perhaps the average population of a Barrayaran district is slightly higher - let's say, 3 million. 60x3=180 million - that's roughly the population of North Continent, not the whole of Barrayar. However, South Continent is still being terraformed and is sparsely populated, so it probably doesn't have more than 10-20 million people. There don't seem to be any other significantly large or populated land areas anywhere else on the planet. So its total population is around 200 million.
Once again, that's a conservative estimate. But it seems reasonable, given how keen Barrayarans are on increasing their population and how they're only about a century away from the 50 million population at the end of the Time of Isolation (not to mention, the millions who died during the Centagandan invasion/occupation).
My very back-of-the-envelope calculations are as follows:
The Vorkosigan's District is said to have a population of 'millions' (I don't remember which book this is stated in). Taking the most conservative estimate for 'millions', I estimated that the District has a population around 2 million. However, it's one of the less densely populated districts, as it's predominantly rural. So perhaps the average population of a Barrayaran district is slightly higher - let's say, 3 million. 60x3=180 million - that's roughly the population of North Continent, not the whole of Barrayar. However, South Continent is still being terraformed and is sparsely populated, so it probably doesn't have more than 10-20 million people. There don't seem to be any other significantly large or populated land areas anywhere else on the planet. So its total population is around 200 million.
Once again, that's a conservative estimate. But it seems reasonable, given how keen Barrayarans are on increasing their population and how they're only about a century away from the 50 million population at the end of the Time of Isolation (not to mention, the millions who died during the Centagandan invasion/occupation).