Timelines of events in Canadian and Welsh history (LBE)
Time for a history lesson!
***~~~***
Canadian history timeline:
30,000–10,000 BC - Prehistoric hunters cross over into Canada from Asia.
Circa 1000 AD - Leif Ericsson leads a Viking expedition to the New World.
1451 - The Iroquois Confederacy is formed.
1496 - March 5: King Henry VII of England granted John Cabot the right to 'seek islands and countries of the heathen towards the west, east, and north' sailing under the English flag.
1497 - May 2: John Cabot embarked on his ship, the Matthew, to explore the lands across the Atlantic, hoping to find a north west passage to the Indies and China. John Cabot and his son Sebastian were the first Europeans to discover Canada, landing on the coast of Newfoundland.
1534 - Jacques Cartier discovers the Great Lakes and the the St. Lawrence River.
1603 - March 15: Samuel de Champlain set sail for Quebec from Honfleur, France following in the path of Jacques Cartier to the St Lawrence River and Tadoussac.
1605 - Samuel de Champlain establishes the first successful New France Colony at Port Royal.
1670 - The Hudson's Bay Company established.
1672 - New France expansion into Canada under Louis de Frontenac.
1755 - Expulsion of the Acadians.
1758 - French power in Canada declines as the British capture Ft. Louisburg.
1759 - Battle on the Plains of Abraham.
1763 - New France is formally ceded to Britain; Pontiac Rebellion erupts.
1778 - Captain James Cooke explores the West Coast.
1783 - Loyalist refugees begin arriving after the American Revolution.
1791 - Constitutional Act establishes Upper & Lower Canada.
1812-1814 - War of 1812: American invasion of Upper Canada in the summer of 1812 centring around the Great Lakes and the Canadian frontier.
1821 - North West Company established.
1837–1838 - Rebellions against British rule in Upper and Lower Canada.
1840 - Act of Union.
1848 - Responsible government is won, first in Nova Scotia, then in Canada.
1866 - The Fenian Raid and Battle of Ridgeway.
1867 - Dominion of Canada was formed and self-government was granted to Ontario (formerly Upper Canada), Quebec (formerly Lower Canada), New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia.
1870 - Red River Resistance; province of Manitoba is created.
1871, 1873 - B.C. and P.E.I. join Canada.
1873 - North-West Mounted Police ( Mounties) established.
1885 - Canadian Pacific Railway Completed.
1885 - North-West Rebellion (or North-West Resistance or the Saskatchewan Rebellion.
1898 - Klondike Gold Rush.
1899 - Boer War.
1905 - The provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan are created.
1914-1918 - World War I.
1916 - Women win the vote in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta.
1919 - The Winnipeg General Strike.
1929–1939 - The Great Depression.
1939–1945 - World War II.
1949 - Newfoundland joins Canada.
1950–1953 - Korean War.
1959 - St. Lawrence Seaway (major transportation route) officially opens.
1960 - Quiet Revolution: Rise of Quebec Separation Sentiment.
1967 - Canada’s 100th birthday; Expo 67 World’s Fair in Montréal.
1970 - October Crisis: political kidnappings, Ottawa suspends civil rights.
1970 - War Measures Act Proclaimed on Quebec.
1980 - Québec referendum on “sovereignty-association” defeated 60% to 40%.
1982 - Constitution comes home — with a Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
1987–1990 - Meech Lake Accord is put forward — and collapses.
1992 - Charlottetown Accord is rejected by a national referendum.
1995 - Québec referendum on sovereignty is narrowly defeated.
1999 - The new Arctic territory of Nunavut is created.
2000 - Clarity Bill outlines the terms of Québec separation.
2003 - Canada says “no” to joining the war in Iraq.
2005 - Former PM Jean Chrétien and sitting PM Paul Martin testify at the Gomery Inquiry.
2010 - Canada sets record for gold medals at the Vancouver Winter Olympic Games.
***~~~***
Welsh history timeline:
1000 BC - Hill forts built during Iron Age.
500-100 BC - Celts settled in Wales.
43 AD - Romans invaded Britain.
78 - Romans conquered Wales.
100 - Irish raiders settled southwestern Wales.
500 - Saxons invaded Wales.
516 - Battle of Mount Badon stopped the aggressive expansion of the Saxons.
784 Saxon King of Mercia, built Offa's Dyke, created boundary between England and Wales.
1040 - First Prince of Wales, Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, secured borders.
1063 - English invaded; Gruffydd ap Llywelyn killed.
1066 - Normans invaded; King Harold of England killed; Marcher Lordships established on Wales' borders.
1215 - Magna Carta signed.
1276-1277 - First Welsh independence war.
1277 - Treaty of Aberconwy signed, ended war; Edward I began building castles.
1282-1283 - Second Welsh independence war.
1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan ended war; Wales incorporated into England; new counties created.
1301 - King Edward I bestowed title "Prince of Wales" upon son, Edward II.
1349 - Black Death swept across country, 40% of population died.
1400-1410 - Third war of independence led by Owain Glyndwr against England.
1402 - Laws passed prohibiting Welsh from gathering, holding office, carrying arms and living in forts.
1410 - King Henry IV supressed Welsh rebellion; the long war against England ended.
1455 - War of Roses began in England.
1485 - War of Roses ended; Henry Tudor (Henry VII) became first Welsh King of England.
1536 - Henry VIII enacted Act of Union; began dissolution of monasteries.
1563 - Bible published in Welsh language.
1642 - Civil War broke out in England.
1644 - The Battle of Montgomery was the first battle during Civil War in Wales.
1651 - Battle of Worcester ended Civil War; Charles I executed; Charles II exiled.
1750 - Industrial Age began; Wales became largest producer of iron and copper in the world.
1800 - First of great Welsh canals built.
1811 - Wales became non-conformist nation, broke with the Church of England.
1831 - Merthy Uprising sparked by workers in debt; troops brought in, more than 24 citizens died.
1839 - Rebecca Riots occurred, toll gates destroyed in protest against high fees.
1850's - Coal fields in South Wales developed.
1867 - Great Reform Act gave vote to male householders; Welsh Liberal Party formed.
1891 - U.S. passed McKinley Tariff, caused severe financial blow to Welsh industry.
1900-1903 - Strike at Penrhyn Slate Quarry longest labor dispute in history; 3000 workers walked out.
1913 - Explosion at Senghenydd's Lancaster Pit killed 439 miners.
1916 - Lloyd George first Welshman to become British prime minister.
1925 - National Party (Plaid Cymru) founded.
1934 - Explosion and fire killed 266 miners at Gresford.
1955 - Cardiff became capital of Wales.
1966 - Slag pile collapsed on school at Aberfan, 144 children and teachers killed.
1977 - National Party (Plaid Cymru) founded.
1978 - Welsh Act introduced in favor of government assembly for Wales.
1979 - Welsh Act defeated.
1984 - Year-long miner's strike virtually ended coal industry in the country.
1996 - Sea Empress grounded off Wales in heavy sea, spilled over 18 million gallons of oil.
1997 - 1997 Referendum passed, gave Wales assembly in government.
1999 - Tony Blair, British prime minister, opened Welsh national assembly (first self government in over 600 years).
2001 - Thousands of sheep tested positive for foot-and-mouth disease were slaughtered.
2004 - Fox hunting in Britain (including Wales) outlawed by British government.
2005 - Charles, Prince of Wales, married Camilla Parker Bowles.
2007 - Snow storms caused schools, businesses to close, over 500 people trapped in cars; smoking ban for all enclosed public spaces went into effect.
2008 - Last deep mine, the Tower Colliery in South Wales, closed; customs officials recovered 22 million counterfeit cigarettes in container from Dubai.
2010 - Unemployment rate in Wales higher than any other home country at 9.2%; Cheryl Gillan became first woman to hold post of Secretary of State for Wales.
2011 - Prince William of Wales married Catherine Middleton.
***~~~***
Sources:
http://www.datesandevents.org/places-timelines/09-canadian-history-timeline.htm
http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/a-timeline-of-important-events-in-canadian-history.html
http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/wales/ukwtimeln.htm
***~~~***
Canadian history timeline:
30,000–10,000 BC - Prehistoric hunters cross over into Canada from Asia.
Circa 1000 AD - Leif Ericsson leads a Viking expedition to the New World.
1451 - The Iroquois Confederacy is formed.
1496 - March 5: King Henry VII of England granted John Cabot the right to 'seek islands and countries of the heathen towards the west, east, and north' sailing under the English flag.
1497 - May 2: John Cabot embarked on his ship, the Matthew, to explore the lands across the Atlantic, hoping to find a north west passage to the Indies and China. John Cabot and his son Sebastian were the first Europeans to discover Canada, landing on the coast of Newfoundland.
1534 - Jacques Cartier discovers the Great Lakes and the the St. Lawrence River.
1603 - March 15: Samuel de Champlain set sail for Quebec from Honfleur, France following in the path of Jacques Cartier to the St Lawrence River and Tadoussac.
1605 - Samuel de Champlain establishes the first successful New France Colony at Port Royal.
1670 - The Hudson's Bay Company established.
1672 - New France expansion into Canada under Louis de Frontenac.
1755 - Expulsion of the Acadians.
1758 - French power in Canada declines as the British capture Ft. Louisburg.
1759 - Battle on the Plains of Abraham.
1763 - New France is formally ceded to Britain; Pontiac Rebellion erupts.
1778 - Captain James Cooke explores the West Coast.
1783 - Loyalist refugees begin arriving after the American Revolution.
1791 - Constitutional Act establishes Upper & Lower Canada.
1812-1814 - War of 1812: American invasion of Upper Canada in the summer of 1812 centring around the Great Lakes and the Canadian frontier.
1821 - North West Company established.
1837–1838 - Rebellions against British rule in Upper and Lower Canada.
1840 - Act of Union.
1848 - Responsible government is won, first in Nova Scotia, then in Canada.
1866 - The Fenian Raid and Battle of Ridgeway.
1867 - Dominion of Canada was formed and self-government was granted to Ontario (formerly Upper Canada), Quebec (formerly Lower Canada), New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia.
1870 - Red River Resistance; province of Manitoba is created.
1871, 1873 - B.C. and P.E.I. join Canada.
1873 - North-West Mounted Police ( Mounties) established.
1885 - Canadian Pacific Railway Completed.
1885 - North-West Rebellion (or North-West Resistance or the Saskatchewan Rebellion.
1898 - Klondike Gold Rush.
1899 - Boer War.
1905 - The provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan are created.
1914-1918 - World War I.
1916 - Women win the vote in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta.
1919 - The Winnipeg General Strike.
1929–1939 - The Great Depression.
1939–1945 - World War II.
1949 - Newfoundland joins Canada.
1950–1953 - Korean War.
1959 - St. Lawrence Seaway (major transportation route) officially opens.
1960 - Quiet Revolution: Rise of Quebec Separation Sentiment.
1967 - Canada’s 100th birthday; Expo 67 World’s Fair in Montréal.
1970 - October Crisis: political kidnappings, Ottawa suspends civil rights.
1970 - War Measures Act Proclaimed on Quebec.
1980 - Québec referendum on “sovereignty-association” defeated 60% to 40%.
1982 - Constitution comes home — with a Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
1987–1990 - Meech Lake Accord is put forward — and collapses.
1992 - Charlottetown Accord is rejected by a national referendum.
1995 - Québec referendum on sovereignty is narrowly defeated.
1999 - The new Arctic territory of Nunavut is created.
2000 - Clarity Bill outlines the terms of Québec separation.
2003 - Canada says “no” to joining the war in Iraq.
2005 - Former PM Jean Chrétien and sitting PM Paul Martin testify at the Gomery Inquiry.
2010 - Canada sets record for gold medals at the Vancouver Winter Olympic Games.
***~~~***
Welsh history timeline:
1000 BC - Hill forts built during Iron Age.
500-100 BC - Celts settled in Wales.
43 AD - Romans invaded Britain.
78 - Romans conquered Wales.
100 - Irish raiders settled southwestern Wales.
500 - Saxons invaded Wales.
516 - Battle of Mount Badon stopped the aggressive expansion of the Saxons.
784 Saxon King of Mercia, built Offa's Dyke, created boundary between England and Wales.
1040 - First Prince of Wales, Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, secured borders.
1063 - English invaded; Gruffydd ap Llywelyn killed.
1066 - Normans invaded; King Harold of England killed; Marcher Lordships established on Wales' borders.
1215 - Magna Carta signed.
1276-1277 - First Welsh independence war.
1277 - Treaty of Aberconwy signed, ended war; Edward I began building castles.
1282-1283 - Second Welsh independence war.
1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan ended war; Wales incorporated into England; new counties created.
1301 - King Edward I bestowed title "Prince of Wales" upon son, Edward II.
1349 - Black Death swept across country, 40% of population died.
1400-1410 - Third war of independence led by Owain Glyndwr against England.
1402 - Laws passed prohibiting Welsh from gathering, holding office, carrying arms and living in forts.
1410 - King Henry IV supressed Welsh rebellion; the long war against England ended.
1455 - War of Roses began in England.
1485 - War of Roses ended; Henry Tudor (Henry VII) became first Welsh King of England.
1536 - Henry VIII enacted Act of Union; began dissolution of monasteries.
1563 - Bible published in Welsh language.
1642 - Civil War broke out in England.
1644 - The Battle of Montgomery was the first battle during Civil War in Wales.
1651 - Battle of Worcester ended Civil War; Charles I executed; Charles II exiled.
1750 - Industrial Age began; Wales became largest producer of iron and copper in the world.
1800 - First of great Welsh canals built.
1811 - Wales became non-conformist nation, broke with the Church of England.
1831 - Merthy Uprising sparked by workers in debt; troops brought in, more than 24 citizens died.
1839 - Rebecca Riots occurred, toll gates destroyed in protest against high fees.
1850's - Coal fields in South Wales developed.
1867 - Great Reform Act gave vote to male householders; Welsh Liberal Party formed.
1891 - U.S. passed McKinley Tariff, caused severe financial blow to Welsh industry.
1900-1903 - Strike at Penrhyn Slate Quarry longest labor dispute in history; 3000 workers walked out.
1913 - Explosion at Senghenydd's Lancaster Pit killed 439 miners.
1916 - Lloyd George first Welshman to become British prime minister.
1925 - National Party (Plaid Cymru) founded.
1934 - Explosion and fire killed 266 miners at Gresford.
1955 - Cardiff became capital of Wales.
1966 - Slag pile collapsed on school at Aberfan, 144 children and teachers killed.
1977 - National Party (Plaid Cymru) founded.
1978 - Welsh Act introduced in favor of government assembly for Wales.
1979 - Welsh Act defeated.
1984 - Year-long miner's strike virtually ended coal industry in the country.
1996 - Sea Empress grounded off Wales in heavy sea, spilled over 18 million gallons of oil.
1997 - 1997 Referendum passed, gave Wales assembly in government.
1999 - Tony Blair, British prime minister, opened Welsh national assembly (first self government in over 600 years).
2001 - Thousands of sheep tested positive for foot-and-mouth disease were slaughtered.
2004 - Fox hunting in Britain (including Wales) outlawed by British government.
2005 - Charles, Prince of Wales, married Camilla Parker Bowles.
2007 - Snow storms caused schools, businesses to close, over 500 people trapped in cars; smoking ban for all enclosed public spaces went into effect.
2008 - Last deep mine, the Tower Colliery in South Wales, closed; customs officials recovered 22 million counterfeit cigarettes in container from Dubai.
2010 - Unemployment rate in Wales higher than any other home country at 9.2%; Cheryl Gillan became first woman to hold post of Secretary of State for Wales.
2011 - Prince William of Wales married Catherine Middleton.
***~~~***
Sources:
http://www.datesandevents.org/places-timelines/09-canadian-history-timeline.htm
http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/a-timeline-of-important-events-in-canadian-history.html
http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/wales/ukwtimeln.htm
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