Problem 4: Natural Selection Struggles to Fix Advantageous Traits in Populations

Editor's note: This is Part 4 of a 10-part series based upon Casey Luskin's chapter, "The Top Ten Scientific Problems with Biological and Chemical Evolution," in the volume More than Myth, edited by Paul Brown and Robert Stackpole (Chartwell Press, 2014). Previous installments can be found here: Problem 1, Problem 2, Problem 3. When the series is complete, the full chapter will be posted online.

In 2008, 16 biologists from around the world convened in Altenberg, Austria, to discuss problems w...