El Niño Project (Part 7)

So, we’ve seen that Ludescher et al have a way to predict El Niños. But there’s something a bit funny: their definition of El Niño is not the standard one!

Precisely defining a complicated climate phenomenon like El Niño is a tricky business. Lots of different things tend to happen when an El Niño occurs. In 1997-1998, we saw these:

But what if just some of these things happen? Do we still have an El Niño or not? Is there a right answer to this question, or is it partially a matter of taste?

A r...