Myth of the Week 021

This Namazu represents the earthquake of Edo (modern Tokyo), which occurred in October of 1855. 

In Japanese mythology, the Namazu (鯰) is a giant catfish said to cause certain earthquakes. He "lives in the mud under Japan," and is guarded by the god Kashima, who can restrain the Namazu with an enormous stone. But when Kashima lets his guard down, Namazu thrashes about, and has been credited for causing some of Japan's most violent earthquakes.

In the illustration at left, the creature is attacked by peasants and concubines. However, in the background, help for the gargantuan catfish approaches—craftsmen, who will take profit from the destruction and imminent re-construction of the city, in the wake of disaster. The earthquake of Edo, which killed thousands of inhabitants, coincided with the traditional “month without gods,” which is believed to be a period when all of the gods gather in a secret temple. Taking advantage of the absence of Kashima, the coward Namazu takes advantage of his freedom during this period, causing destruction and sorrow.