A Regency Era Timeline 1836 in Progress

Timeline

Each time I start a year, I have already compiled a list, months ago with about 6000 entered of what happened from 1788 to 1837. My first step now (It took several trials to get this down to a science) is to cut out the specific year I will work on and paste it into its own spreadsheet to work with. When I worked on the entire spreadsheet, sometimes inserting a line, with all the graphics I had begun to place, took a long time. Working on each year alone, is a lot faster.

With the year separated out, I now turn to my book sources,

The Timetables of History by Grun and Stein

Chronology of CULTURE by Paxton and Fairfield

What Happened When by Carruth.

, History of the World. A beautiful Dorealing Kindersley book.

I now diligently look through each of these to find entries that I did not come across on the internet, and other printed lists. It is possible that there are places that have more listings for each year. I have not found them. And when you go to the Timelines at the Regency Assembly Press page, there you will see all the graphical references as well. Something that I did not find anywhere else.

Here is the start of 1836:

Year

Month Day

Event



1836

Jan 5

Davy Crockett arrived in Texas just in time to die at the Alamo.



1836

Jan 18

Knife aficionado Jim Bowie arrived at the Alamo to assist its Texas defenders.



1836

Jan 27

Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian writer (masochism), was born.



1836

Feb 7

The essays “Sketches by Boz” were published by Charles Dickens.



1836

Feb 12

Mexican General Santa Anna crossed the Rio Grande en route to the Alamo.



1836

Feb 17

HMS Beagle and Charles Darwin left Tasmania.



1836

Feb 18

Swami Ramakrishna [Gadadhar Chatterji], Indian mystic, Hindu leader, was born.



1836

Feb 21

Leo Delibes, ballet composer (Coppelia), was born in Saint-Germain-du-Val, France.



1836

Feb 23

The Alamo was besieged by Santa Anna. Thus began the siege of the Alamo, a 13-day moment in history that turned a ruined Spanish mission in San Antonio, Texas, into a shrine known and revered the world over.



1836

Feb 24

Winslow Homer (d.1910), American painter, was born. He began his career as an illustrator for Harper’s Weekly during America’s Civil War. He is believed to have died a virgin and took up a hermit’s life in his mid 40s. He captured the look and spirit of 19th century American life.



1836

Feb 24

Some 3,000 Mexicans under Gen. Santa Ana launched an assault on the Alamo, with its 182 Texan defenders. The siege lasted 13 days.



1836

Feb 25

Samuel Colt patented the first revolving barrel multi-shot firearm. This allowed the shooter to fire 5 or 6 times before reloading.



1836

Feb 27

Mexican forces under General Jose de Urrea defeated Texan forces at the Battle of San Patricio.



1836

Mar 2

Texas declared its independence from Mexico on Sam Houston’s 43rd birthday. The first vice-president was Lorenzo de Zavala. Mexico refused to recognize Texas but diplomatic relations were established with the US, Britain and France. Texas was an independent republic until 1845.



1836

Mar 2

Mexican forces under General Jose de Urrea defeated Texan forces at the Battle of Agua Dulce.



1836

Mar 5

Samuel Colt manufactured the 1st pistol, a 34-caliber “Texas” model.



1836

Mar 6

The Alamo fell after fighting for 13 days. Angered by a new Mexican constitution that removed much of their autonomy, Texans seized the Alamo in San Antonio in December 1835. Mexican president General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna marched into Texas to put down the rebellion. By late February, 1836, 182 Texans, led by Colonel William Travis, held the former mission complex against Santa Anna’s [3,000] 6,000 troops. At 4 a.m. on March 6, after fighting for 13 days, Santa Anna’s troops charged. In the battle that followed, all the Alamo defenders were killed while the Mexicans suffered about 2,000 casualties. Santa Anna dismissed the Alamo conquest as “a small affair,” but the time bought by the Alamo defenders’ lives permitted General Sam Houston to forge an army that would win the Battle of San Jacinto and, ultimately, Texas’ independence. Mexican Lt. Col. Pena later wrote a memoir: “With Santa Anna in Texas: Diary of Jose Enrique de la Pena,” that described the capture and execution of Davy Crockett and 6 other Alamo defenders. In 1975 a translation of the diary by Carmen Perry (d.1999) was published. Apparently, only one Texan combatant survived Jose María Guerrero, who persuaded his captors he had been forced to fight. Women, children, and a black slave, were spared.



1836

Mar 6

HMS Beagle and Darwin reached King George’s Sound, Australia.



1836

Mar 12

Mexican forces under General Jose de Urrea defeated Texan forces at the Battle of Refugio.



1836

Mar 13

Refugees from the Alamo arrived in Gonzales, Texas, and informed Gen. Sam Houston of the March 6, fall of the Alamo. Houston immediately ordered a retreat.



1836

Mar 16

Andrew S. Hallidie, inventor (cable car), was born.



1836

Mar 16

The Republic of Texas approved a constitution.



1836

Mar 17

David G. Burnet (1788-1870) became interim president of Texas and continued to Oct 22, 1836. he became the second Vice President of the Republic of Texas (1839-41), and Secretary of State (1846) for the new state of Texas after it was annexed to the United States of America.



1836

Mar 20

At Coleto Creek, Texas, Colonel James Fannin after being surrounded by Mexican forces under General Urrea, agreed to surrender to Colonel Juan Jose Holzinger. Fannin was unaware that General Santa Anna had decreed execution for all rebels. Urrea negotiated the surrender “at the disposal of the Supreme Mexican Government,” falsely stating that no prisoner taken on those terms had lost his life.



1836

Mar 23

Coin Press was invented by Franklin Beale.



1836

Mar 26

Mexican Colonel Jose Nicolas de la Portilla received orders from Gen. Santa Anna in triplicate to execute his Texan prisoners at Goliad.



1836

Mar 27

The first Mormon temple was dedicated, in Kirtland, Ohio.



1836

Mar 27

Mexican Colonel Jose Nicolas de la Portilla executed his Texan prisoners at Goliad. Colonel Portilla had the 342 Texians marched out of Fort Defiance into three columns. The Texians were then fired on at point-blank range. The wounded and dying were then clubbed and stabbed. Those who survived the initial volley were run down by the Mexican cavalry.



1836

Mar 31

The first monthly installment of The Pickwick Papers by Charles Dickens was published in London.



1836

Mar

George Yount became the grantee of the Rancho Caymus (11,814 acres), the first US citizen to be ceded a Spanish land grant in Napa Valley, Ca., in exchange for making wooden shingles for Gen. Mariano Vallejo. In Oct 1843 he was deeded the Rancho de La Jota (4,053 acres).



1836

Mar

Thousands of English speaking Texans abandoned their homes as the Mexican army advanced following the fall of the Alamo. They fled toward Louisiana in what came to be called the “Runaway Scrape.”



1836

Apr 9-10

Helen Jewett, a prostitute in a Thomas St. bordello in Manhattan, was murdered. Her boyfriend, Richard P. Robinson (17), a clerk for a local merchant and engaged to a woman of good pedigree, was tried for the murder but acquitted. In 1998 Patricia Cline Cohen published “The Murder of Helen Jewett,” an account of the story.



1836

Apr 20

The Territory of Wisconsin was established by Congress.



1836

Apr 20

Johan I Jozef (75), monarch of Liechtenstein, field marshal, died.



1836

Apr 21

Some 910 Texians led by Sam Houston, the former governor of Tennessee, defeated the Mexican army under Gen. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna at San Jacinto. The victory in the 18 minute battle sealed Texan independence from Mexico. Houston counted 9 fatalities. 630 Mexicans were killed out of some 1,250 troops. Some 700 were taken prisoner.



1836

May 6

Christian Ignatius Latrobe (78), composer, died.



1836

May 9

HMS Beagle with Charles Darwin departed Port Louis, Mauritius.



1836

May 16

Edgar Allan Poe (27) married Virginia Clem (13) in Richmond, Virginia.



1836

May 17

Joseph Norman Lockyer, discovered helium, was born. He founded Nature magazine.



1836

May 18

Wilhelm Steinitz was born. The Czech-born world chess champion (1866-94) later became a naturalized American.



1836

May 19

Comanche warriors in Texas attacked Fort Parker and kidnapped Cynthia Ann Parker (9) and several others. She was recaptured by whites in 1860 and was forced to live among whites until her death in 1871. Her son Quanah (d.1911) escaped capture and grew up to become leader of the Quahadi, the most feared subset of the Comanche. In 2010 S.C. Gwynne authored “Empire of the Southern Moon: Quanah Parker and the Rise of the Comanches, the Most Powerful Indian Tribe in American History.”



1836

May 27

Jay Gould, US railroad executive, financier, was born.



1836

May 31

HMS Beagle anchored in Simons Bay, Cape of Good Hope.



1836

Jun 10

Yamaoka Tesshu, Japanese swordsman, was born.



1836

Jun 10

Andre M. Ampere, French mathematician, physicist (Amp), died.



1836

Jun 15

Arkansas became the 25th state.



1836

Jun 23

Congress approved the Deposit Act, which contained a provision for turning over surplus federal revenue to the states.



1836

Jun 26

Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle, author, composer (“La Marseillaise”), died.



1836

Jun 28

James Madison (85), the 4th president of the United States (1809-17), died in Montpelier, Va. His writings included the 29 Federalist essays. In 1999 “James Madison: Writings,” edited by Jack N. Rakove, was published. In 2002 Garry Wills authored James Madison.”



1836

Jun

In NYC Richard P. Robinson was found not guilty of the murder of Helen Jewett by a jury after 10 minutes of deliberation.



1836

Jul 4

The territorial government of Wisconsin was established.



1836

Jul 4

Narcissa Prentiss Whitman and Eliza Hart Spaulding made a marker at South Pass Wyoming as the first European women to cross the continent.



1836

Jul 6

French General Thomas Bugeaud defeated Abd al-Kader’s forces beside the Sikkak River in Algeria.



1836

Jul 11

Pres. Jackson, alarmed by the growing influx of state bank notes being used to pay for public land purchases, issued the Specie Circular shortly before leaving office. This order commanded the Treasury to no longer accept paper notes as payment for such sales. This led to the financial panic of 1837.



1836

Jul 15

William Winter, drama critic and essayist for The New York Times, was born.



1836

Jul 20

Charles Darwin climbed Green Hill on Ascension.



1836

Aug 7

Evander McIvor Law (d.1920), Brig General (Confederate Army), was born in South Carolina.



1836

Aug 14

Walter Besant (d.1901), English writer, philanthropist (Rebel Queen), was born.



1836

Aug 22

Archibald M. Willard, US, artist (Spirit of ’76), was born.



1836

Aug 25

Bret Harte (d.1902), American author and journalist (Outcasts of Poker Flat), was born in Albany, NY. “The only sure thing about luck is that it will change.” [1839 also given as a birth date]



1836

Sep 1

Protestant missionary Dr. Marcus Whitman led a party to Oregon. His wife, Narcissa, was one of the first white women to travel the Oregon Trail.



1836

Sep 1

Reconstruction began on Synagogue of Rabbi Judah Hasid in Jerusalem.



1836

Sep 5

Sam Houston was elected president of the Republic of Texas.



1836

Sep 10

Joseph Wheeler II, Maj Gen of the Confederacy, Cavalry, Army of Tennessee, was born.



1836

Sep 12

Mexican authorities crushed the revolt which broke out on August 25.



1836

Sep 14

Aaron Burr, the 3rd US Vice President, died. He had served as vice-president under Thomas Jefferson. Burr is alleged to have fathered a black illegitimate son named John Pierre Burr. In 1999 Roger W. Kennedy authored “Burr, Hamilton and Jefferson: A Study in Character.” In 2007 Nancy Isenberg authored “Fallen Founder: The Life of Aaron Burr.”



1836

Oct 2

Darwin returned to England aboard HMS Beagle after 5 years abroad. He visited Brazil, the Galapagos Islands, and New Zealand. His studies were important to his theory of evolution, which he put forth in his groundbreaking scientific work of 1859, “The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.”



1836

Oct 22

Sam Houston was inaugurated as the first constitutionally elected president of the Republic of Texas.



1836

Oct 24

A. Phillips patented the match.



1836

Oct

Don Juan Alvarado, president of the 7-man legislature in the Mexican territory of California, fled Monterey with his deputies to Mission San Juan Bautista under threats from Lt. Col. Nicolas Gutierrez, the military governor. There they formed plans for a coup.



1836

Nov 4

Don Juan Alvarado and a group of followers forced the surrender of Lt. Col. Nicolas Gutierrez, the military governor  Monterey. The quickly drafted a constitution and proclaimed California independent of Mexico. Officials in southern California refused to recognize Alvarado’s government and he agreed to make California a territory of Mexico with himself as governor.



1836

Nov 6

Charles X (79), King of France (1824-30), died.



1836

Nov 10

Charles Louis Napoleon (1808-1873), nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte, failed in an attempted coup at Strasbourg and was exiled to the US by the government of Louis Philippe.



1836

Nov 18

William S. Gilbert (d.1911), English playwright, librettist and humorist, was born. He was one half of Gilbert & Sullivan.  “Life is a joke that’s just begun.”



1836

Nov 27

Carle [Antoine CH] Vernet, French painter and lithographer, died.



1836

Dec 7

Martin Van Buren (d.1862) was elected the eighth president of the United States and served one term. He was known as the “Little Magician” and the “Red Fox of Kinderhook.” The eighth president earned these monikers for his political adroitness and skill at keeping his thoughts close to the vest.



1836

Dec 28

Spain recognized the independence of Mexico.



1836



Charles Darwin on ‘The Beagle’ visits Sydney, Hobart, and Albany.



1836



In Hobart he crosses the Derwent by a steamboat made in Sydney.



1836



Leopold von Sacher-Masoch was born in Lemberg, Galicia. He was the author of “Venus in Furs.” He voluntarily enslaved himself to Fanny von Pister and later to his bride Aurore Rumelin. The term masochism was derived from his name.



1836



Thomas Cole, Hudson River School painter, painted “The Course of Empire,” a series of 5 paintings chronicling the rise and fall of a great civilization.



1836



Auguste Mayer painted “Scene from the Battle of Trafalgar.”



1836



Edward Lane (1801-1876), English orientalist, published “Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians,” a classic account of Egyptian society.



1836



Augustus Pugin (1812-1852), English Gothic architect and designer, authored “Contrasts,” the first ever architectural manifesto.



1836



Constantine Samuel Rafinisque (1783-1840), naturalist, wrote “The American Nations,” which contained what he claimed to be the deciphered ancient document written by the Lenape (Delaware) Indians called the Walam Olum.



1836



King Kamehameha III formed the Royal Hawaiian Band.



1836



Meyerbeer composed his opera “Les Huguenots” with a libretto by Scribe. It was set around the 16th century Catholic and Protestant struggle that exploded with the 1572 St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre.



1836



In Boston a small group of New England intellectuals began gathering at the home of minister George Ripley to discuss issues of religious and philosophical importance. The group, known as the Transcendental Club, disbanded in 1840. In 2007 Philip F. Gura authored “American Transcendentalism: A History.”



1836



Father Veniaminov, later canonized, as St. Innokenty of Alaska, spent 3 months at Fort Ross, Ca., baptizing, burying and teaching.



1836



Pres. Jackson vetoed the bill to renew the charter of the Second Bank of the United States in 1836. Not until the Federal Reserve Act of 1911 did the US Government get back its monopoly on the creation of money. [see the New York Free Banking Act of 1838]



1836



Pres. Jackson named Martin Van Buren as his successor and Col. Richard Johnson as the vice presidential candidate, despite Johnson’s mulatto mistress and 2 illegitimate children.



1836



The US Congress, led by congressman and former president J.Q. Adams, voted to accept the 100,000 gold sovereign donation of Englishman James Smithson and establish the Smithsonian Institution for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men. The actual Institution was not established until 1846.



1836



Roger Brooke Taney was confirmed as US Chief Justice.



1836



The 4-wheeled steam locomotive John Hancock was built with vertical boilers, cylinders and driving rods that gave its class the nickname “grasshoppers.”



1836



Isaac Wade Ross, Revolutionary war hero, died in Mississippi. His will stipulated that his slaves should be emancipated upon his death, but only if they agreed to go to Liberia. The 1st of almost 200 were finally set free in 1848. In 2004 Alan Huffman authored “Mississippi in Africa: The Saga of the Slaves of Prospect Hill Plantation and Their Legacy in Liberia Today.”



1836



Nathan Rothschild, son of Mayer Amschel Rothschild, died in London. His younger brother James took charge of the business.



1836



The London-based Anti Slavery International human rights group was founded.



1836



Britain’s Peninsula and Oriental Steam Navigation (P&O Line) was founded to carry mail among Portugal, Spain and England and later expanded to passenger service. In 2005 Dubai’s DP World purchased the company for $5.7 billion.



1836



The 107-foot-tall Egyptian Obelisk reached Paris. [see 1829]



1836



The oldest shop in the Galerie Vivienne, Paris, France, is Librarie Jousseaume (nos. 45,46,47), which opened in 1836 and has been owned for the past 100 years by the Jousseaume family. Books span the 18th century to the present.



1836



In France the medieval timber roof of the Chartres cathedral burned. Architect J.B. Lassus replaced it with an innovative roof of iron.



1836



La Fenice opera house in Venice burned down for the 1st time.



1836



Spain’s central government revoked the Basque’s fiscal privileges. These were restored in 1979.



1836



Seitnazar Seyidi (b.1775) and Kurbandurdy Zelili (b.1780), Turkmenistan poets, died. Both are considered to be successors of Makhtum Kuli.



1836



In Uruguay the Colorado party and the National Party were formed.



1836-1838



Sam Houston (1793-1863), US soldier and political leader, was president of the Republic of Texas.



1836-1845 



Texas was an independent republic.



1836-1922



In 2004 the US government said it would digitize newspapers published over this period and make them available to the public in 2006.



1836-1926 



Joseph G. Cannon, Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives: “By descent, I am one-fourth German, one-fourth Irish, one-fourth English, and another quarter French. My God! If my ancestors are permitted to look down upon me, they might perhaps upbraid me. But I am also an American!”



1836



Sam Colt receives a patent for his revolver in the United States.



1836



 Britain has been emancipating slaves in its Cape Colony. Boers in the colony dislike it. From 10,000 to 14,000 Boers begin their Great Trek away from British rule and toward new lands to occupy.



1836



Pope Gregory XVI bans railways in his Papal States, calling them “ways of the devil.”



1836



Anglo Texans are defeated at the Alamo. They declare Texas independent and go on to defeat Mexico’s military forces.