A Regency Era Timeline 1825 in progress

Timeline

Each time I start a year, I have already compiled a list, months ago with about 6000 entered of what happened from 1788 to 1837. My first step now (It took several trials to get this down to a science) is to cut out the specific year I will work on and paste it into its own spreadsheet to work with. When I worked on the entire spreadsheet, sometimes inserting a line, with all the graphics I had begun to place, took a long time. Working on each year alone, is a lot faster.

With the year separated out, I now turn to my book sources,

The Timetables of History by Grun and Stein

Chronology of CULTURE by Paxton and Fairfield

What Happened When by Carruth.

, History of the World. A beautiful Dorealing Kindersley book.

I now and diligently look through each of these to find entries that I did not come across on the internet, and other printed lists. It is possible that there are places that have more listings for each year. I have not found them. And when you go to the Timelines at the Regency Assembly Press page, there you will see all the graphical references as well. Something that I did not find anywhere else.

Here is the start of 1825:

Year

Month Day

Event



1825

Jan 1

Dr. Gideon Mantell presented his paper “Notice on the Iguanodon” to members of England’s Philosophical Society. His paper linked the large hypothetical “Sussex lizard” to a modern species of reptile. This work led to his induction to the Royal Society on Dec 25, 1825.



1825

Jan 3

Scottish factory owner Robert Owen bought 30,000 acres in Indiana as site for New Harmony utopian community.



1825

Jan 19

Ezra Daggett and nephew Thomas Kensett received a patent from Pres. Monroe for food storage in tin cans. [see 1810]



1825

Jan 25

Eli Whitney (b.1765), cotton gin inventor and gun manufacturer, died.



1825

Jan 27

Congress approved Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma), clearing the way for forced relocation of the Eastern Indians on the “Trail of Tears.”



1825

Jan 28

George Edward Pickett (d.1875), Major General in the Confederate Army, was born. When blame was being sought for why his ill-fated charge was the final action of the Battle of Gettysburg, and why the Confederacy did not win the three-day battle, George Pickett suggested that “The Union Army might have had something to do with it.” Pickett had been sponsored for West Point by the Illinois congressman, Abraham Lincoln.



1825

Feb 9

The House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams Jr. 6th U.S. president (1825-1829) after no candidate received a majority of electoral votes.



1825

Feb 12

Creek Indian treaty signed. Tribal chiefs agreed to turn over all their land in Georgia to the government and migrate west by Sept 1, 1826.



1825

Feb 22

Russia and Britain established the Alaska/Canada boundary.



1825

Feb 24

Thomas Bowdler, self-appointed Shakespearean censor, died. His expurgated Shakespeare edition was published in 1818.



1825

Feb 25

William Moorcroft, East India Co. head of 5,000 acre horse farm at Pusa, India, arrived at Bukhara, Uzbekistan, to trade for horses. He met with Khan Haydar, Emir of Bukhara.



1825

Feb 28

Quincy Adams Gillmore (d.1888), Major General (Union volunteers), was born.



1825

Mar 2

The 1st grand opera in US sung in English was in NYC.



1825

Mar 4

John Quincy Adams was inaugurated as 6th President.



1825

Mar 12

The English Sloop, Eliza Ann, was captured by pirates, who proceeded to murder the crew of ten.



1825

Mar 25

The first Brazilian Constitution was promulgated by Peter I and solemnly sworn in the Cathedral of the Empire.



1825

Apr 16

John Henry Fuseli (aka Johan Heinrich Fussli b.1741), Swiss born British Romantic painter, died. His paintings included “Nightmare” (1782).



1825

Apr 25

Charles Ferdinand Dowd was born. He standardized time zones.



1825

May 1

George Inness, US landscape painter (Delaware Water Gap), was born.



1825

May 4

Thomas Henry Huxley (d.1895), British biologist, naturalist and author, was born. “God give me strength to face a fact though it slay me.” “My experience of the world is that things left to themselves don’t get right.” His work includes the collected Essays in nine volumes: 1. Method and Results, 2. Darwiniana, 3. Science and Education, 4. Science and the Hebrew Tradition, 5. Science and the Christian Tradition, 6. Hume, with Helps to the Study of Berkeley, 7. Man’s Place in Nature, 8. Discourses, Biological and Geological, 9. Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays. In 1997 Adrian Desmond wrote the biography: “Huxley.” “God give me strength to face a fact though it slay me.”



1825

May 7

Italian composer Antonio Salieri (74) died in Vienna, Austria.



1825

May 20

Charles X became King of France.



1825

May 25

American Unitarian Association was founded.



1825

May 29

David Bell Birney (d.1864), Major General (Union volunteers), was born.



1825

Jun 7

R.D. Blackmore, author (Norie), was born.



1825

Jun 19

Gioacchino Rossini’s “Il Viaggio a Reims,” premiered. Rossini wrote the “IL Viaggio a Reims” opera to celebrate the coronation of Charles X. The libretto by Luigi Balocchi was intended to show all major European nationalities coming together to celebrate the event.



1825

Jun 20

Coronation of French king Charles X, the surviving brother of guillotined Louis XVI.



1825

Jul 16

Alexander Gordon Laing (32), British Army Major, set off on camel from Tripoli in an attempt to become the 1st European to cross the Sahara Desert and reach the fabled city of Timbuktu (Mali).



1825

Aug 1

William Beaumont, a US Army assistant surgeon at Fort Mackinac in the Michigan territory, began experiments to study the digestive system of Alexis St. Martin, a fur trader who  was accidentally shot in the abdomen in 1822.



1825

Aug 6

Simon Bolivar drew up a constitution for Bolivia in which a life president appointed his successor. Sucre served as the sole capital until losing a brief civil war to La Paz in 1899. Upper Peru became the autonomous republic of Bolivia.



1825

Aug 25

Uruguay declared its independence from Brazil.



1825

Aug 27

William Moorcroft, East India Co. head of 5,000 acre horse farm at Pusa, India, died near Balkh, Afghanistan, while returning to India following his trip to Bukhara, Uzbekistan, to trade for horses. In 1985 Garry Alder authored “Beyond Bukhara: The Life of William Moorcroft, Asian Explorer and Veterinary Surgeon.”



1825

Sep 7

The Marquis de Lafayette, the French hero of the American Revolution, bade farewell to President John Quincy Adams at the White House.



1825

Sep 27

The Stockton and Darlington rail line opened in England. The first locomotive to haul a passenger train was operated by George Stephenson in England. The British engineers Richard Trevithick and George Stevenson were the first innovators of the technology.



1825

Oct 9

The first Norwegian immigrants to America arrived on the sloop Restaurationen.



1825

Oct 16

Thomas Turpin Crittenden (d.1905), Brig. Gen. (Union volunteers), was born.



1825

Oct 17

Franz Liszt’s operetta Don Sanche premiered in Paris



1825

Oct 25

Johann Strauss (d.1899), Austrian orchestra conductor and composer, was born.



1825

Oct 26

The Erie Canal was opened in upstate New York. It cut through 363 miles of wilderness and measured 40 feet wide and 4 feet deep. It had 18 aqueducts and 83 locks and rose 568 feet from the Hudson River to Lake Erie. The first boat on the Erie Canal left Buffalo, N.Y. after eight years of construction. At the request of New York Governor DeWitt Clinton, the New York state legislature had provided $7 million to finance the project. The canal facilitated trade between New York City and the Midwest–manufactured goods were shipped out of New York and agricultural products were returned from the Midwest. As the canal became vital to trade, New York City flourished and settlers rapidly moved into the Midwest and founded towns like Clinton, Illinois. [see 1826] Gov. Clinton rode the Seneca Chief canal boat from Buffalo to New York harbor for the inauguration. In 2004 Peter L. Bernstein authored “Wedding of the Waters: The Erie Canal and the Making of a Great Nation.” In 2009 Gerard Koeppel authored “Bond of Union: Building the Erie Canal and the American Empire.”



1825

Nov 9

Ambrose Powell Hill (d.1865), Lt Gen (Confederate 3rd Army Corp), was born.



1825

Nov 26

The first college social fraternity, the Kappa Alpha Society, was formed at Union College in Schenectady, N.Y.



1825

Nov 29

1st Italian opera in US, “Barber of Seville,” premiered in NYC and was welcomed by the legendary librettist for Mozart (and friend of Casanova), Lorenzo DaPonte, who was Professor of Italian at King’s (later Columbia) College.



1825

Dec 27

The 1st public railroad using steam locomotive was completed in England.



1825

Dec 28

US General James Wilkinson (b.1757) died in Mexico City. He was generally regarded as an American patriot, but historians in the 1850s found evidence that he had worked as a spy on behalf of Spanish officials while serving as governor of the Louisiana Territory (1805-1806).



1825

Dec 29

Giuseppe Maria Gioacchino Cambini, composer, died.



1825

Dec 29

Jacques-Louis David (b.1748), French painter (Death of Marat), died.



1825



An uprising against the Tsar takes place in Russia.



1825



Every Woman’s Book: Or, What is Love? is the first book on birth control published in Britain. Written by physician Richard Carlile, he advocates partial or complete withdrawal or the use of a sponge, of which he says the French and Italians “wear them fastened to their waists, and always have them at hand.” Also recommended: a baudruche, or “glove” for the man.



1825



Greece is invaded by Egypt, under the command of Ibrahim, son of Mohammed Ali.



1825



Hawaii’s new king is now Kamehameha III, age 12, but Kamehameha I’s widow will rule as regent until she dies in 1832, when Kamehameha III will officially be crowned in the following year.



1825



Memoirs is written by English courtesan Harriette Wilson, who had her first lover at age 15 and included other such notables as the earl of Craven, the duke of Argyll, the marquis of Worcester, and the duke of Wellington. The duke of Wellington’s comments when it was suggested he pay her off to keep the book from being published? “Publish and be damned!”



1825



The first public passenger railway, the Stockton and Darlington Railway opens.



1825



Marc Brunel invents a tunnelling shield, making subaqueous tunnelling possible.



1825



Louis XVIII has died and is succeeded by his reactionary brother, 
Charles X.



1825



Russian military officers, who had been exposed to the Enlightenment during Russia’s occupation of France, attempt to replace authoritarian rule with a representative democracy. Their coup, called the Decembrist Rising, fails and they are crushed.



1825



Camille Corot created his painting “View of Rome.”



1825



Goya (79) made his 4 lithographs known as the “Bulls of Bordeaux.”



1825



Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin (1755-1826), French lawyer and professor, invented the genre of food writing with his book “The Physiology of Taste.”



1825



Beethoven composed his String Quartet No. 15 in A Minor.



1825



The Marquis de Lafayette laid the cornerstone for the Monument at Bunker Hill in a ceremony addressed by Daniel Webster.



1825



Sing Sing Prison opened on the banks of the Hudson River. The name was from the local Sint Sinct Indian tribe. [see 1901]



1825



Franciscan missionaries planted vineyards north of San Francisco to make sacramental wine.



1825



Philadelphia druggist Elie Magliore Durand first touted the effervescent soda water as a health drink. Shortly afterward, New York inventor John Matthews originated the fountain apparatus that conveniently rested on a pharmacist’s counter to dispense carbonated drinks.



1825



The US government launched a mapping and surveying expedition of the Sant Fe Trail. The notes ended up filed for decades. In 2000 David Dary authored “The Santa Fe Trail: Its History, Legends and Lore.”



1825



The US experienced a financial panic.



1825



The Bureau of Indian Affairs began as an office of the War Department that dealt with what white Americans saw as the “Indian problem.”



1825



A law that defined and set punishment for abortion was placed into the Missouri penal code. It was the 2nd US abortion law after a 1821 law in Connecticut. The law prohibited only abortions induced by poisoning.



1825



The element aluminium was discovered.



1825



William Sturgeon, English inventor, found that an electric current flowing through a coil of wire created a magnet. Shortly thereafter, the American physicist Joseph Henry discovered that placing an iron core inside the wire coil strengthened the effect- permitting this electromagnet to lift and drop small iron objects at the closing and opening of a switch connecting the coil to a storage battery.



1825



The Miramichi fires burned some 3 million acres in Maine and New Brunswick, Canada.



1825



Parson Weems, writer, died. His work included “Life of George Washington With Curious Anecdotes, equally Honorable to Himself and Exemplary to his Young Countrymen.”



1825



In Egypt British traveler and draftsman James Burton sketched tombs of the New Kingdom pharaohs in the Valley of the Kings.



1825



A French emissary of Charles X demanded that Haiti pay 150 million gold francs in exchange for recognition as French warships cruised over the horizon. The deal required 5 annual payments of 30 million and required a loan from a French bank for the 1st payment. Haiti renegotiated the debt in 1838.



1825



France established its imperial paramilitary, the Gendarmerie Coloniale, for law enforcement across its colonial empire.



1825



The impresario of La Scala in Milan, Italy, sold the theater’s library of manuscript opera scores to the young copyist Giovannin Ricordi. This initiated the rise of Ricordi’s music-publ. firm.



1825



Japan issued an edict that spelled out what would happen to uninvited guests. “Should any foreigners land anywhere, they must be arrested or killed.”



1825



A disastrous breach of Dutch coastal defenses occurred.



1825



The Decembrists consisted of idealistic military officers who plotted unsuccessfully against the Russian tsar.



1825-1829



1825-1829    John Quincy Adams served as the 6th president of the US.



1825-1832



1825-1832    Lambert Hitchcock marked all his furniture with the insignia “L. Hitchcock.”



1825-1833



1825-1833    Scottish botanist and gardener, David Douglas, visited the US Pacific Coast and sent a collection of poppies to the London Horticultural Society, where the species was successfully cultivated. [see 1792,1794, 1816]



1825-1852



1825-1852    Master Juba was a free black man and the first recognized master of tap dancing.



1825-1858



1825-1858    The Suffolk Bank operated a clearing house in Boston that served the New England region, and required all country banks doing business in Boston to maintain clearing deposits.



1825-1859



1825-1859    An ongoing project under Frederick Burkhardt has undertaken the task of editing and publishing the letters of Charles Darwin of this period. The first of 30 volumes came out in 1985 published by Cambridge Univ. Press, and the 10th in 1996. Selected letters over this period from the first 7 volumes have been published as “Charles Darwin’s Letters: A Selection 1825-1859.”



1825-1888



1825-1888    Sandwich glass, also known as pressed glass, was made by the Boston and Sandwich Glass Works in Sandwich, Mass. They made the original dolphin-based glassware.



1825-1893



1825-1893    Jean Martin Charcot, hypnotist. He taught Sigmund Freud and influenced Freud’s theories of the subconscious.



1825-1997



1825-1997    The 1997 book, “The American Opera Singer” by Peter G. Davis, covers the lives and adventures of opera and concert singers over this period.