How Musk’s techno-utopianism evolved from 20th-century Europe

The futurists of the 20th century influenced the political sphere, but their movements were ultimately artistic and literary, unlike Musk’s ambitions.

In The Singularity is Nearer: When We Merge with AI, the futurist Ray Kurzweil imagines the point in 2045 when rapid technological progress crosses a threshold as humans merge with machines, an event he calls “the singularity.”