Notes from watching Ivar Grimstad Devoxx Belgium 2022 Jakarta EE 10 presentation

Using git worktree and a script to co... One minute video turns into fifteen m...

Notes from watching Ivar Grimstad Devoxx Belgium 2022 Jakarta EE 10 presentation

50 minutes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ke0k...

Simplicity for Modern and Lightweight Cloud Applications

Out on 2022-09-22.

Community driven, modernized, simplified, lightweight.

Specs and Impls

Spec, API, TCK

Compatibile Impls

We need at least one open source impl.

Other impls can be fine, not open source.

There is no ��official�� reference implementation��

Lots of specs, more than half received updates in EE 10

About half of these have a ��.0�� version number. In our impl ofSemVer, the .0 means it may have potentially breaking changes.

Also a bit of marketing to signal there are big noteworthychanges. (I like this idea)

Authorization 2.1

Activation 2.1

Batch 2.1

Connectors 2.1

Mail 2.1

Messaging 3.1

Authentication 3.0

Concurrency 3.0

CDI 4.0

EL 5.0

CDI 4.0

Faces 4.0

Security 3.0

Servlet 6.0

(J)STL 3.0

(J)SP 3.1

(JPA)Persistence 3.1

WebSocket 2.1

Restful Web Services 3.1

JSONP 2.1

JSONB 3.0

Annotations 2.1

Interceptors 2.1

Net new

But not really new. Because it��s a part of CDI, or a sub spec.

CDI Lite 4.0

Not updated

EJB 4.0

Bean Validation 3.0

Debugging support 2.0

EJB Lite 4.0

Managed Beans 2.0

Transactions 2.0

DI 2.0

We don��t need to update every spec every time.

Ivar subtracts the ��enterprisy�� and you are left with the ��WebProfile��. We��ve had a web profile since EE6. Nothing new.

Useful as a smaller platform.

Auth

Concurrency

CDI

Faces

Security

Servlet

STL

Persistence

JSP

WebSocket

BeanVal

Debugging

EJB lite

Managed beans

JTA

JAX-RS

JSONP

JSONB

Annotations

Interceptors

CDI Lite

Take away the Webby specs, you get Core Profile. Brand new. EE10.

Enables impls to be certified as EE compatible

Headless services, or microservices, if you like.

JAX-RS

JSONP

JSONB

Annotations

Interceptors

CDI Lite 4.0

Raise the API source level from 8 to 11

Why not go further?

There were not many specs that needed Java features beyond SE 11.

This allows us to have a broader appeal.

TCK runs on 11 or 17.

Security 3.0

https://jakarta.ee/specifications/sec...

Add support for OPenID Connect!

Updates to Jakarta Authorization, and Authentication

This is a foundation for future work (Q.2 Should this be in theEE11 talk?)

07:22 Code example for OpenID Connect Authentication. It��s anannotation. OpenIdAuthenticationMechanismDefinition (love thelong name, very precise)

Where do you put the annotation?

Persistence 3.1

https://jakarta.ee/specifications/per...

Small work interetsed by the community

Add UUIDs as a basic java data type!

GenerationType=UUID

JAX RS 3.1

https://jakarta.ee/specifications/res...

Community features, requested a long time.

Initially wanted a 4.0 release. But went with 3.1 for now.Planning a 4.0 release for EE 11 (Q.3 this seems definitely likewhat we want in the talk).

Multipart form data support.

RestEASY has this. JAX-RS catches up now.

Java SE Bootstrap API

Lets us run JAX-RS outside of an app server. (Q.4: this seemslike a great thing to show with App Service Java SE! What aboutfunctions?)

09:51 Ivar shows a demo https://github.com/ivargrimstad/jakar...

booty-duke https://soundcloud.com/edburns00/boot...

Note that we have explicit dependencies on API andIMPL. There is no concept of ��provided�� scope, where you canjust depend on the API.

Uses Maven Assembly plugin

Needs a main method.

Add some configuration: 11:33. Port and rootpath. That��s the minimum. There are sensible defaults.Other options available.

Instantiate the app.

Start it. 12:21

SeBootstrap.start()

Pass in app and config.

`thenAccept��

Thread.currentThread().join()

Run it locally.

Core Profile

Reason: target smaller runtimes.

Limit the amount of specs required to implement it.

3 compatible impls

Open Liberty

Payara

WildFly

Potentially compatible impls

Helidon

Quarkus

Micronaut

Helidon and Quarkus have said they will apply for core profilecompatibility Q.5: What can I say about this in the talk?)

CDI Lite

Enables CDI to be used in GraalVM.

Make CDI dynamic at build time, not run time.

Create a new extensions API. Portable extensions is too late.

Changes how the empty beans.xml behaves.

Prior: empty beans.xml turns on CDI. Everything is injectable.

Now: beans.xml with only top level XML turns on CDI, butOnly things that that have the Injectable annotation areinjectable.

17:10 Taking a step back.

To EE8, how to get to 9.1 and 10.

If going from 8 to 10, do take the 9 step in between. You don��tneed to go to prod with the 9 version, but it��s good to suss outproblems: new namespace.

8 -> 9 big thing: namespace change

javax.* to jakarta.*

Why do I care? Because all the things: Spring, Tomcat, Jetty,Hibernate, are moving to jakarta namespace.

It��s usually just a import change.

Tools: Changes the bytecode for you. Can use it at build timeor runtime. Not recommended to go to th long time.

Eclipse transformer

Apache Tomcat Migration Tool

Tools: IDE help

IntelliJ Idea has a Java EE to Jakarta EE thing.

A bit smarter than just a regexp action.

Manual 20:26

Update Jakarta EE version in pom.xml

Fix the imports

XML schema namespaces

Rename properties prefixed with javax.

Rename bootstrapping files

Verify data and dynamic content

See https://github.com/ivargrimstad/jakar...

This is a three tier helloworld, to show the migration steps.

Starts with EE and SE 8 apis.

Adds EE 8 and 9 to the classpath. Both of them!

App is the same as the booty-duke.

Rest resource. ��hello�� path, produces message. Is astateless bean. 23:00

Finds first message from injected stateful session bean,if not there, hard codes the message value.

Stateful session bean uses the entity manager fromPersistence.

findAll method creates a CriteriaQuery that basicallydoes SELECT * FROM GREETINGTABLE.

@Entity DukesGreeting 23:30

There is a CDI extension. @Dukes. DukesExtensionimplements Extension.

processAnnotatedType(@Observes@WithAnnotations(Dukes.class)...

Prints out a message to the logger for every suchannotated class.

24:10 Now does the namespace change

Uses the aforementioned IntelliJ Idea tool support.

This is why he added the EE 9 and EE8 jars both.

Once he ran the tool, he can remove the EE8 jars.

24:50 That��s steps 1 and 2.

If you are using XML config, you have to pay attention to that.

He has a persistence.xml. Uses the JCP namespace.

23:58 Replace jcp.org with jakarta.ee.

Also change the schemaLocation

version number

jcp.org to jakarta.ee

version number in xml version attribute.

Properties he has these in his persistence.xml file. In his casethis is for drop and create of the table. Rename bootstrapping files

CDI bootstrapping fileMETA-INF/services/javax.enterprise.inject.spi.Extension

Rename the file to jakarta.enterprise��.

Verify data and dynamic content. 28:00 Runs it in GlassFish 6(EE9) In his case, it��s the text in the database. He updatesthe database using some table editor in IntelliJ Idea. Reloadsthe page.

EE9 supports Java 17.

Updates the pom.

Let��s use some Java 17 features as well.

How about records? 31:27

Lets us avoid exposing our database architecture in theAPI.

Creates DukesGreetingRecord. 31:49

In the business logic, use a mapper, map it from thegreeting to a new DukesGreetingRecord populates usingthe getters.

Are we done? 33:29. No. It�� came up empty. Why?

JSON Binding is expecting a Java Bean.

It must have a getter. Records don��t havegetters. Records are not Java Beans.

Simplest thing is to change the name of the fields inthe record: getDate getMessage.

Let��s upgrade it to EE 10.

Very simple.

Update the pom dependency from 9 to 10.

But is it? No. When running he got a servlet exception.

Has to do with the beans.xml stuff.

Adds a beans.xml. Make sure it��sversion 4. bean-discovery-mode should beannotated. This is the default, so you can removebean-discovory-mode.

Must also update the schema namespace version.

37:44 So great! Can remove the ugly hack we did with the record. Setrecord fields back to message and date.

If you are relying on the ��no beans.xml�� or ��empty beans.xml��behavior, then you must take the action. If you have abeans.xml, have it set at annotated, you��re fine.

38:37 the core profile.

Takes this application, strips away a bit

Removes database

Makes the CDI extension ��build compatibile�� rather than��portable�� extension.

39:12. Implements the spi.Extension interface. HasprocessAnnotatedType method.

New API in core has spi.BuildCompatibileExtension

Annotations for the different lifecycle events.

40:11 Recommendation. If you are running your app in athing that supports full CDI, stick to the portableextension. Only if you are running in a CDI liteenvironment should you consider this kind of extension.

Use the @Enhancement annotation.

HaveMETA-INF/services/jakarta.enterprise.inject.build.compatible.spi.BuildCompatibleExtensionidentify the extension. This is the package name of theinterface, so you don��t have to remember the long name.

Runs it in WildFly 27.0.0.Alpha1

Payara Cloud 42:07

Upload the application, run it.

Gives the PaaS value prop: someone else manages the complexity ofKubernetes.

44:30 We��re now thinking of Jakarta EE 11 Q.6

Discussion: what Java SE level should we base Jakarta EE 11 on?

Raise to 17?

Raise to 21?

How to handle the removal of the SecurityManager.

Users will not notice.

Impls will have to change.

New spec: Jakarta Config (finally!)