NullPointerException in Java

Introduction

Any developer beginning their Java programming journey will inevitably come across a certain error: the NullPointerException. The NullPointerException is one of the most common errors encountered by beginner programmers when dealing with objects in Java.

So what exactly is a NullPointerException? How exactly does this error happen? What are some ways to avoid these errors?

To answer these questions, we will discuss the following concepts:

Primitive vs. reference typesThe null valu...