I know the gods already tried to do it at least once and failed, but does any myth exist of Zeus successfully being overthrown one day?

Nope.

Remember, Zeus is the Law Giver, the supreme diety of the entire mythos. It’s hard to understand from our perspective exactly how important he was because religious focus shifted from Zeus (Zeus Pater, Jupiter) to the Christian god as the Roman Empire was in decline.

It would be similar to us today wondering if there’s a myth about the Christian god being overthrown at the end of the New Testament. It’s just culturally unthinkable.