Finding 2 elements with difference k in a sorted array

In this OpenGenus article, we will explore a problem (Finding 2 elements with difference k in a sorted array), and find various methods of solving the problem, based on varying complexity. While this problem itself might be of some merit, let us focus more on the underlying idea, which serves as the core to many other problems.

Note that the language used to show example codes is C++, because, I believe it is the most apt language for studying algorithms.

Problem Statement

Given a sorted array ...