Science Fiction or Speculative Fiction. Is there a difference?

In my research for this article I came across the definition of Speculative fiction. The definition stated that Speculative Fiction is writing about anything that does not exist in the world when the book was written. That would include civilization structures, technology and anything not in our world as we know it now. If that is speculative fiction then all the science fiction I had ever read would be considered speculative fiction. The words science fiction in itself conjures up spacecraft, different world governance, supernatural phenomena and new technology. All these examples lend itself to the Speculative Fiction genre.

Lets look at all the speculative fiction genres according to masterclass.com. There is Science fiction, Sci-fi fantasy fiction, Supernatural fiction, Space opera fiction, Urban fantasy fiction Utopian fiction, Dystopian fiction, Apocalyptic fiction, Post-apocalyptic fiction, Alternate history fiction, and last but not least Superhero fiction.

Taking in all this information about speculative fiction has led me to believe that science fiction is speculative fiction and are like two peas from the same pod. There is no real difference between the two.

Let me hear your thoughts on the subject.

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