Two-place functions aren't one-place functions, are they?

Here's a small niggle, that's arisen rewriting a very early chapter of my Gödel book, and also in reading a couple of terrific blog posts by Tim Gowers (here and here).


We can explicitly indicate that we are dealing with e.g. a one-place total function from natural numbers to natural numbers by using the standard notation for giving domain and codomain thus: f\colon\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}. What about two-place total functions from numbers to numbers, like addition or multiplication?


"Easy-peasy, we indicate them thus: f\colon\mathbb{N}^2\to\mathbb{N}."


But hold on! \mathbb{N}^2 is standard shorthand for \mathbb{N}\times \mathbb{N}, the cartesian product of \mathbb{N} with itself, i.e. the set of ordered pairs of numbers: and an ordered pair is standardly regarded as one thing with two members, not two things. So a function from \mathbb{N}^2 to \mathbb{N} is in fact a one-place function that maps one argument, an ordered pair object, to a value, not (as we wanted) a two-place function mapping two arguments to a value.


"Ah, don't be so pernickety! Given two objects, we can find a pair-object that codes for them, and we can without loss trade in a function from two objects to a value to a related function from the corresponding pair-object to the same value."


Yes, sure, we can eventually do that. And standard notational choices can make the trade invisible. For suppose we use `(m, n) as our notation for the ordered pair of m with n, then `f(m, n) can be parsed either way, as representing a two-place function with arguments m and n or as a corresponding one-place function with the single argument (m, n). But the fact that trade between the two-place and the one-place function is glossed over doesn't mean that it isn't being made. And the fact that the trade can be made (even staying within arithmetic, using a pairing function) is a result and not quite a triviality. So if we are doing things from scratch — including proving that there is a pairing function that matches two things with one thing in such a way that we can then extract the two objects we started with — then we do need to talk about two-place functions, no? For example, in arithmetic, we show how to construct a pairing function from the ordinary school-room two-place addition and multiplication functions, not some surrogate one-place functions!


So what should be our canonical way of indicating the domains (plural) and codomain of e.g. a two-place numerical function? An obvious candidate notation is f\colon\mathbb{N}, \mathbb{N} \to\mathbb{N}. But I haven't found this used, nor anything else.


Assuming it's not the case that I (and one or two mathmos I've asked) have just missed a widespread usage, this raises the question: why is there this notational gap?

 •  0 comments  •  flag
Share on Twitter
Published on December 06, 2011 08:04
No comments have been added yet.