Helen H. Moore's Blog, page 859

February 19, 2016

A white buddy for Miles Davis: Don Cheadle’s struggle to get “Miles Ahead” financed is absurd — and not surprising

In the early 1950s, the CIA liked to meddle in the American film industry. During Eisenhower’s presidency, historian Hugh Wilford explained, a CIA agent at Paramount studios engaged in an “astounding variety of clandestine activities” with the goal of influencing Hollywood motion pictures in order to enhance this country’s image abroad. The idea was to show the world that life in free, liberty-loving America was the polar opposite of repressive Russia, Cuba, and China. Subsequently identified as executive Luigi G. Luraschi, the studio’s Head of Foreign and Domestic Censorship, this particular CIA agent was strongly interested in countering “adverse publicity” about race relations in the US by trying to get African-American characters cast in films where they would be shown as the social equals of whites. That was six decades ago, during the height of the Cold War. Earlier this week, Oscar-nominated actor Don Cheadle described his decade-long struggle to make a biopic about jazz legend Miles Davis. He raised about $360,000 via crowdfunding, but only cleared the final financing hurdle when he wrote in a fictional Rolling Stone reporter and cast Ewan (“young Obi-Wan”) McGregor in the role. Interviewed at the Berlin Film Fest, where “Miles Ahead” was screening out of competition, Cheadle said that casting a white actor in a leading role was “one of the realities of the business that we are in,” adding that “there is a lot of apocryphal, not proven evidence that black films don’t sell overseas.” Superficially, based on these two descriptions alone, it would be easy to say that the PC police in Hollywood have won, and the tables have turned on the racial dynamics in Hollywood. Last century, conspiracy theorists might mutter, the government was secretly making liberal Hollywood cast Black actors in (white) films. This century, Black films are being forced to include white characters, because all-Black castings in films = racist or something, like The Wiz or Beyoncé’s Super Bowl halftime performance of her single, “Formation.” Karma’s a bitch? Nope. In both cases, there is the interesting role played by the rest-of-the-planet—the planet peopled by individuals who don’t reflexively share an American worldview--but the meaningful shift of emphasis isn’t sociopolitical, but geo-economic. In the ‘50s, CIA agent and Paramount executive Luraschi could not dictate, only suggest castings. He was outranked by the director and studio head at Paramount, who refused to add Black characters to the Jerry Lewis and Dean Martin comedy, “The Caddy,” out of fear it would “upset southern white moviegoers.” In Hollywoodland, erasure was easier and less financially risky than inclusion. And for all the cheerful goofiness of those Lewis & Martin films full of country-club hi-jinks, it is sobering to realize they, and many more films sharing the same breezy message of all's well here in the Good Old USA, were made around the same time that Miles Davis was beaten by a policeman outside of the New York City jazz club, Birdland. Reporters later interviewed a dozen witnesses who said that the detective was drunk, that Davis was innocent, and that the beating was excessive. (“They beat me like a drum,” Davis complained.) One woman said that when she saw what they were doing to Davis, she hit one of the policemen herself. “For many,” notes anthropologist and musicologist John Szwed, “it became a defining moment in race relations in New York.” By this time, Miles Davis was already world famous, and his arbitrary arrest came amid a spate of protests due to repeated incidents of police brutality in the North, along with a string of black church bombings and a surge of Klan activity in the South. Yet the press still focused on the white woman who’d been with Miles, whose womanhood the New York City policeman had stepped forward to protect. Thus Miles Davis, musical genius, was beaten into a bloody mess for being a black man with a white woman who wasn’t a girlfriend, a wife, or a band member, but was just sort of there. Davis accepted the beating as part of the price of being a Black man in America. This is how whiteness shows up in Black stories: as a sudden intrusion, sometimes violent, often female, always alien, against a refrain of dignified, resigned acquiescence. In the documentary “Straight No Chaser,” about Davis’ fellow jazz great, Thelonius Monk, it shows up in the form of Baroness Kathleen Annie Pannonica de Koenigswarter (née Rothschild), patron of the arts and unlikely groupie. “After Bird [Charlie Parker] died, they [his bandmates] threw me out,” she narrates in the film. She then migrated to Monk, hanging out with him and his bandmates until, she laughs, they threw her out too. As for Miles Davis, author Norman Mailer had famously modeled “Shago Martin” in “An American Dream,” after him, for in real life, their lives had intersected dramatically in the form of Beverly Bentley, Miles’s lover and Mailer’s wife. As much as anyone, Mailer helped consolidate the myth of the hyper-virile, cool, dangerously gifted Black man in American popular consciousness. Given the length of time that Cheadle struggled to realize “Miles Ahead,” he is trying to reclaim the narrative and tell Miles’s story from his perspective--the perspective of another talented, highly visible Black man living through strange and violent times. The fact that he had to add McGregor to get the film financed is evidence of how little has changed over the past sixty years, because it reveals that the white character still functions as the universal default whose views are shared by all. (The character of “Marilyn” in the ‘60s TV series, “The Munsters,” effectively exploits and parodies the studio’s insistence on a “relatable” character whose reactions stand in for the “normal” viewership.) Ironically, “Miles Ahead” may well end up a better story because of the presence of McGregor’s invented character as a disreputable journalist who ends up befriending Davis, in the same way that the sudden appearance of the Baroness in the Monk documentary is memorable precisely because it is so weird. Her awkward, complicated presence amid clusters of male jazz legends reminds viewers how far apart those worlds were--and still are. If Cheadle writes as well as he acts, “Miles Ahead” may well end up showing us how many miles we have yet to travel. Don Cheadle's 'Miles Ahead' Trailer Packs A Ton Of Attitude

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Published on February 19, 2016 12:23

Don’t do Ronda Rousey any Photoshop “favors”: UFC fighter says altered Instagram shot “goes against everything I believe”

MMA fighter and former former UFC Women's Bantamweight Champion Ronda Rousey apologized to fans on Instagram for a photo she’d posted earlier this week in which her arms had been digitally retouched to look smaller. Rousey posted side by side pictures of the original and the altered version and wrote: “I have to make an apology to everyone - I was sent a picture to share on social for Fallon that was altered without me knowing to make my arms look smaller. I won't say by who - I know it was done with severely misplaced positive intentions - but this goes against everything I believe and I am extremely proud of every inch of my body. And I can assure you all it will never happen again. I could not be more appalled and hope you all forgive me
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Published on February 19, 2016 11:19

Hillary Clinton’s lead is shrinking in Nevada: Why the results of that caucus could shape the entire race

Nevada was long thought an easy win for Hillary Clinton – so much so that no one bothered to poll there until recently. Demographically the state favors her and, as recently as December, she led Sanders by as much as 23 points. After Sanders' surprising performances in Iowa and New Hampshire, however, things have changed. A new CNN/ORC poll released this week shows the race in a dead heat. 48 percent of likely caucus attendees say they support Clinton; 47 percent say they support Sanders. The shift is due to a few factors. First, by outperforming expectations up this point, Sanders appears to be a much more viable candidate. Less than six months ago, Sanders was raising a lot of money but Clinton was still the consensus front-runner. Now the narrative is dramatically different: Sanders isn't the favorite by any measure, but he's proven he can win at the polls. Sanders' fundraising prowess has also improved his organization and ground game, which undoubtedly has helped with messaging and turnout in states like Iowa and Nevada. And then there's the issues. In Nevada at least, the economy is the chief concern among likely Democratic caucusgoers. Sanders's perceived strength on this front has propelled him to the top of the polls. According to a report at The Hill, strategists for Clinton are getting increasingly nervous about the tightening race in Nevada: “Team Clinton maintains confidence that its lead in South Carolina will hold, but the potential loss in Nevada has put people on edge about a possible 'domino effect' in which states could fall one by one to Sanders as he gains momentum.” “I don't get it,” said a former Clinton aide. “I don't think anyone expected this race to look like this. A big loss in New Hampshire, basically a tie going in to Nevada. You have to ask yourself, 'What's next?'' Clinton's minority firewall in Nevada (27.8 percent of the population is Hispanic) was supposed to secure an easy victory for her, but so far it's not clear that it will. As one Democratic strategist in Nevada put it, these “folks are giving Sanders a second look...He's got some good momentum. There's no doubt about it.” Team Clinton is right to worry about Nevada. Given the dynamics of the race, Nevada could be a turning point in the campaign – for either candidate. As Iowa and New Hampshire have shown, an unexpected loss (or win) can alter voters' perceptions in a hurry. Clinton will almost certainly win in South Carolina, but a loss in Nevada would likely make the margin of victory much smaller. As it stands, Clinton leads in 10 of the 12 Super Tuesday states, which hold primaries on March 1. Were she to win both Nevada and South Carolina, odds are she carries that momentum into Super Tuesday and walks away with a significantly higher delegate count than Sanders, putting her in an extremely advantageous position moving forward. If she loses, however, the “domino effect” is entirely possible. “You don't want a streak,” said another Democratic official with ties to the Clintons. “Inside the deep legions of the Clinton campaign, they remember what happened when Barack Obama won in a streak. It was over.” The smart money is still on Clinton to win Nevada. Her ground game is unrivaled and she has the institutional support of the state's most important officials and union representatives. But Bernie's populist message is clearly resonating. Nevada was among the hardest hit states during the Great Recession of 2008. Sanders's anti-Wall Street rhetoric ought to play well among progressives and working-class voters there. If he upsets Clinton, this is likely why. The Most Important Date in the Democratic Primary Election

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Published on February 19, 2016 11:07

“Morning Joe’s pathetic Trump temper tantrum: Joe & Mika pretend to be objective — and fail miserably

For all those people out there who have been claiming that Joe Scarborough is soft when it comes to Donald Trump, let this clip from Friday's "Morning Joe" show you just how wrong you are. In it, Scarborough is passionate, pugnacious and completely fired up about the GOP frontrunner:

Oh, wait. Never mind! That's actually Joe Scarborough being fired up about his own relationship with Donald Trump, not about any of the horrible things Trump has said or done.

Yes, Friday provided Scarborough, Mika Brzezinski and their regular crew of "Morning Joe" acolytes with a golden opportunity for that most hallowed of media traditions: A cable news hissy fit.

The catalyst for this lengthy tantrum was the chatter that's been going around lately about how friendly Scarborough and Brzezinski appear to be with Trump. Scarborough and Brzezinski seethed on Friday that this narrative has been ginned up by media rivals like CNN who are "humiliated" because "Morning Joe" caught on to the seriousness of Trump's appeal more quickly than they did.

"This is Trump Derangement Syndrome!" Brzezinski exclaimed.

"If you don't stand on top of him with your knees on his chest and stab him in the side of the neck until he bleeds out, it's never going to be enough," Scarborough said.

Poor Joe and Mika, so besieged by the haters. What have they ever done to deserve this kind of slander?

First of all, if you have to take ten minutes out of your news program to yell about how wrong your critics are, you've landed yourself in a bad place. Contrary to what Scarborough and friends might have you believe, these charges are not coming out of nowhere.

It's not just that Trump himself described the "Morning Joe" crew as "supporters" of his recently. It's not just that Scarborough has recounted calling Trump up to give him pointers about how to conduct himself during debates. It's not just that, according to CNN, Scarborough has stayed many times at Trump's resort in Florida.

It's also that the two camps are so obviously friendly on the air. The Washington Post's Erik Wemple, whose dissection of the Trump-Scarborough relationship triggered a particularly acidic response from Scarborough on Friday, compiled a fairly damning montage back in December showing Trump, Scarborough and Brzezinski yukking it up on air, month after month. Scarborough has repeatedly defended Trump against his critics. His clear warmth towards the billionaire candidate has been so pronounced that radio host Hugh Hewitt even speculated that Trump might pick him to be his vice presidential nominee—and Scarborough didn't completely laugh off the idea.

"Oh, I’ll take a weekend at [Trump's resort] Mar-A-Lago," he joked, adding that Trump was "the smartest guy I’ve ever seen in my political life." Such a stinging assault!

Then there was the town hall that Scarborough and Brzezinski did with Trump earlier this week. The overall tone of the session was more like an amiable chat than the serious grilling one might expect or hope for. While both hosts spent minutes on Friday claiming that they were sharp and tough, most observers felt otherwise. Slate called the hourlong event "disgraceful." Wemple noted that Trump's extremist bigotry went virtually unmentioned. It was not a good display of Scarborough and Brzezinski's supposed forensic abilities.

Not that this should be especially surprising. Scarborough has something of a habit of playing favorites, after all. "Morning Joe" was notorious a few years ago for the red carpet it kept rolling out for Chris Christie long after the shine wore off the New Jersey governor. There have also been rumblings about his personal feud with Marco Rubio.

Of course, while "Morning Joe" is certainly a prime example of the clubbiness that defines much of the elite media's relationship to politics, Scarborough isn't the sole villain in this world. Trump's rise has been definitively aided by the unbelievable amount of news coverage given to his every waking thought. His status as instant ratings gold—well, except, ironically, for that "Morning Joe" town hall, which lost to CNN—and his obsessive desire to be interviewed have ensured that, no matter how horrible his views get, he'll have a series of ready platforms waiting for him. Scarborough's problem is that his platform is the coziest one of them all. Donald Trump's Vice President?

For all those people out there who have been claiming that Joe Scarborough is soft when it comes to Donald Trump, let this clip from Friday's "Morning Joe" show you just how wrong you are. In it, Scarborough is passionate, pugnacious and completely fired up about the GOP frontrunner:

Oh, wait. Never mind! That's actually Joe Scarborough being fired up about his own relationship with Donald Trump, not about any of the horrible things Trump has said or done.

Yes, Friday provided Scarborough, Mika Brzezinski and their regular crew of "Morning Joe" acolytes with a golden opportunity for that most hallowed of media traditions: A cable news hissy fit.

The catalyst for this lengthy tantrum was the chatter that's been going around lately about how friendly Scarborough and Brzezinski appear to be with Trump. Scarborough and Brzezinski seethed on Friday that this narrative has been ginned up by media rivals like CNN who are "humiliated" because "Morning Joe" caught on to the seriousness of Trump's appeal more quickly than they did.

"This is Trump Derangement Syndrome!" Brzezinski exclaimed.

"If you don't stand on top of him with your knees on his chest and stab him in the side of the neck until he bleeds out, it's never going to be enough," Scarborough said.

Poor Joe and Mika, so besieged by the haters. What have they ever done to deserve this kind of slander?

First of all, if you have to take ten minutes out of your news program to yell about how wrong your critics are, you've landed yourself in a bad place. Contrary to what Scarborough and friends might have you believe, these charges are not coming out of nowhere.

It's not just that Trump himself described the "Morning Joe" crew as "supporters" of his recently. It's not just that Scarborough has recounted calling Trump up to give him pointers about how to conduct himself during debates. It's not just that, according to CNN, Scarborough has stayed many times at Trump's resort in Florida.

It's also that the two camps are so obviously friendly on the air. The Washington Post's Erik Wemple, whose dissection of the Trump-Scarborough relationship triggered a particularly acidic response from Scarborough on Friday, compiled a fairly damning montage back in December showing Trump, Scarborough and Brzezinski yukking it up on air, month after month. Scarborough has repeatedly defended Trump against his critics. His clear warmth towards the billionaire candidate has been so pronounced that radio host Hugh Hewitt even speculated that Trump might pick him to be his vice presidential nominee—and Scarborough didn't completely laugh off the idea.

"Oh, I’ll take a weekend at [Trump's resort] Mar-A-Lago," he joked, adding that Trump was "the smartest guy I’ve ever seen in my political life." Such a stinging assault!

Then there was the town hall that Scarborough and Brzezinski did with Trump earlier this week. The overall tone of the session was more like an amiable chat than the serious grilling one might expect or hope for. While both hosts spent minutes on Friday claiming that they were sharp and tough, most observers felt otherwise. Slate called the hourlong event "disgraceful." Wemple noted that Trump's extremist bigotry went virtually unmentioned. It was not a good display of Scarborough and Brzezinski's supposed forensic abilities.

Not that this should be especially surprising. Scarborough has something of a habit of playing favorites, after all. "Morning Joe" was notorious a few years ago for the red carpet it kept rolling out for Chris Christie long after the shine wore off the New Jersey governor. There have also been rumblings about his personal feud with Marco Rubio.

Of course, while "Morning Joe" is certainly a prime example of the clubbiness that defines much of the elite media's relationship to politics, Scarborough isn't the sole villain in this world. Trump's rise has been definitively aided by the unbelievable amount of news coverage given to his every waking thought. His status as instant ratings gold—well, except, ironically, for that "Morning Joe" town hall, which lost to CNN—and his obsessive desire to be interviewed have ensured that, no matter how horrible his views get, he'll have a series of ready platforms waiting for him. Scarborough's problem is that his platform is the coziest one of them all. Donald Trump's Vice President?

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Published on February 19, 2016 10:40

February 18, 2016

The secret of “Deadpool’s” success — and why Hollywood is almost certainly learning all the wrong lessons

If you hated “The Green Lantern” or “Catwoman,” Hollywood thinks it has finally figured out why: They didn’t have enough swear words or violent mayhem. Following the smashing success of the R-rated “Deadpool,” starring Ryan Reynolds as a spandex-wearing vigilante, reports indicate that Fox is also flirting with taking its Wolverine franchise off the PG-13 market. According to io9’s Rob Bricken, the studio announced at the recent New York Toy Fair that it would be pushing “The Wolverine 3” (or whatever Logan’s next solo outing is called) toward a more adult-oriented audience. Instead of claws that refrain from spilling a drop of blood—through the power of movie magic—everyone’s favorite pointy mutant might get to actually kill people. The announcement was widely cheered among fanboys, as Warner Bros. also mulls an R-rating for forthcoming "Batman" installments, but at least one person isn’t impressed. “Guardians of the Galaxy” director James Gunn warned that the incipient trend is a sign that Hollywood learned all the wrong lessons from the astounding box-office numbers for “Deadpool.” During its first weekend in theaters, “Deadpool” earned $132 million, by far the best February opening in history (destroying the record previously set by “Fifty Shades of Grey” by $40 million). By the end of this weekend, analysts project that the film will earn $245 million, more than what any “X-Men” movie has earned during its entire run. According to Gunn, its success can’t be pinned on any one factor. “After every movie smashes records, people here in Hollywood love to throw out the definitive reasons why the movie was a hit,” the director wrote in a Facebook post. “I saw it happen with ‘Guardians.’ It ‘wasn’t afraid to be fun’ or it ‘was colorful and funny’ etc etc etc. … They’ll be green lighting films ‘like Deadpool’ – but, by that, they won’t mean ‘good and original’ but ‘a raunchy superhero film’ or ‘it breaks the fourth wall.’ They’ll treat you like you’re stupid, which is the one thing ‘Deadpool’ didn’t do.” James Gunn is absolutely on target about the fatuous cluelessness of studio executives, who tend to treat films like algorithms waiting to be overanalyzed and replicated. Their belief seems to be that it’s formulas, not movies, that make money. Following “Guardians,” Gunn points out that the trend du jour is “[trailers] with a big pop song and a bunch of quips”—as if the presence of Queen in the teasers for both “Hardcore Henry” and “Suicide Squad” will be the reason anyone pays $10 to see them. At a time when “Deadpool” powerfully illustrates the benefit of doing something different, Hollywood execs are hell-bent on making everything the same. If Freddie Mercury’s godlike octave jumps won’t rescue Hollywood from franchise fatigue, neither will "Deadpool’s" foul mouth. Contrary to popular belief, a majority of films released in theaters are already R-rated, and they earn far less money than their PG-13-rated counterparts. Executives have known this to be true for some time. Back in 2013, 30 percent of movies (or 189 in total) in theatrical release carried an R-rating, while PG-13 fare accounted for just 18 percent of releases. Despite the fact that there were nearly twice as many R-rated movies, they pulled in about half as much money as those with a PG-13. According to the Wrap, the same was true in 2012. If 168 films were released with an R rating and their grosses totaled $2.3 billion, that means that each movie earned roughly $13.7 million. Contrast this with the 113 PG-13 films that amassed $4.7 billion at the box office, pulling in about $41.6 million each. It’s a simple word problem that even a fifth-grader could figure out, but somehow studios keep getting the math very wrong. Last year, even more R-rated movies were released—Box Office Mojo counts 199—and they actually earned less money than before, just $12.9 million on average. Whereas the highest-grossing PG-13-rated movie was “Star Wars: The Force Awakens,” which has, thus far, earned $916 million in the U.S., the biggest R-rated film was “Fifty Shades of Grey,” which topped out at $166 million. While “The Force Awakens” shattered the all-time box office record, “Fifty Shades” settled for 16th place on the year-end charts. The coming onslaught of R-rated movies is only the latest version of a message that Hollywood has been trying to sell audiences for years: Fans want our movies darker, bloodier and broodier. These days, even Superman has to be a candidate for Zoloft. This is why, next month, we’ll get “Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice,” a movie in which a sad Ben Affleck yells at Henry Cavill for two and a half hours. The superhero broodissance also brought us last year’s “Fantastic Four” reboot, which director Josh Trank promised would be “a much more grounded, gritty, realistic movie.” The film was also a lifeless bore that the studio didn’t want to be associated with. Even its actors looked vaguely embarrassed to be in it. If the box office failure of “Fantastic Four” (which grossed a disastrous $56 million in theaters) and the underperformance of 2014’s “The Wolverine” ($132 million) is any indication, the secret to success isn’t about grit, grime or sending Wolverine to go mope in Japan. What audiences respond to most is movies that we actually want, not what we’ve already had more than enough of. 2013’s “The Wolverine” marked Hugh Jackman’s fifth time playing the clawed crusader on film, and by the time he finally hangs up his claws for “The Wolverine 3,” he will have starred in eight “X-Men” movies. No R-rating can disguise that level of overkill. Contrast this with the case of “Deadpool.” After Wade Wilson made his cinematic debut in the poorly received “X-Men Origins: Wolverine,” Ryan Reynolds fought for seven years to get his own spinoff, hoping to do right by audiences. After some test footage of Reynolds in the part leaked onto the Internet to rave reviews, Reynolds would get that chance. Despite the fact that the movie sends up the superhero genre, “Deadpool” is hardly as ironic or cynical as it believes. The film was a passion project for everyone involved, as well a giant love letter to all the fans who supported it. If Hollywood has to endlessly copy a movie until we’re all sick of it, it could do worse than “Deadpool.” The inevitable R-rating trend might even get us a “Suicide Squad” sequel that doesn’t have to settle for a PG-13 (what’s the point of having a movie starring villains if you don’t let them be really naughty?), but for the most part, studios don’t need to break bad to make good. What the industry really needs is more love.If you hated “The Green Lantern” or “Catwoman,” Hollywood thinks it has finally figured out why: They didn’t have enough swear words or violent mayhem. Following the smashing success of the R-rated “Deadpool,” starring Ryan Reynolds as a spandex-wearing vigilante, reports indicate that Fox is also flirting with taking its Wolverine franchise off the PG-13 market. According to io9’s Rob Bricken, the studio announced at the recent New York Toy Fair that it would be pushing “The Wolverine 3” (or whatever Logan’s next solo outing is called) toward a more adult-oriented audience. Instead of claws that refrain from spilling a drop of blood—through the power of movie magic—everyone’s favorite pointy mutant might get to actually kill people. The announcement was widely cheered among fanboys, as Warner Bros. also mulls an R-rating for forthcoming "Batman" installments, but at least one person isn’t impressed. “Guardians of the Galaxy” director James Gunn warned that the incipient trend is a sign that Hollywood learned all the wrong lessons from the astounding box-office numbers for “Deadpool.” During its first weekend in theaters, “Deadpool” earned $132 million, by far the best February opening in history (destroying the record previously set by “Fifty Shades of Grey” by $40 million). By the end of this weekend, analysts project that the film will earn $245 million, more than what any “X-Men” movie has earned during its entire run. According to Gunn, its success can’t be pinned on any one factor. “After every movie smashes records, people here in Hollywood love to throw out the definitive reasons why the movie was a hit,” the director wrote in a Facebook post. “I saw it happen with ‘Guardians.’ It ‘wasn’t afraid to be fun’ or it ‘was colorful and funny’ etc etc etc. … They’ll be green lighting films ‘like Deadpool’ – but, by that, they won’t mean ‘good and original’ but ‘a raunchy superhero film’ or ‘it breaks the fourth wall.’ They’ll treat you like you’re stupid, which is the one thing ‘Deadpool’ didn’t do.” James Gunn is absolutely on target about the fatuous cluelessness of studio executives, who tend to treat films like algorithms waiting to be overanalyzed and replicated. Their belief seems to be that it’s formulas, not movies, that make money. Following “Guardians,” Gunn points out that the trend du jour is “[trailers] with a big pop song and a bunch of quips”—as if the presence of Queen in the teasers for both “Hardcore Henry” and “Suicide Squad” will be the reason anyone pays $10 to see them. At a time when “Deadpool” powerfully illustrates the benefit of doing something different, Hollywood execs are hell-bent on making everything the same. If Freddie Mercury’s godlike octave jumps won’t rescue Hollywood from franchise fatigue, neither will "Deadpool’s" foul mouth. Contrary to popular belief, a majority of films released in theaters are already R-rated, and they earn far less money than their PG-13-rated counterparts. Executives have known this to be true for some time. Back in 2013, 30 percent of movies (or 189 in total) in theatrical release carried an R-rating, while PG-13 fare accounted for just 18 percent of releases. Despite the fact that there were nearly twice as many R-rated movies, they pulled in about half as much money as those with a PG-13. According to the Wrap, the same was true in 2012. If 168 films were released with an R rating and their grosses totaled $2.3 billion, that means that each movie earned roughly $13.7 million. Contrast this with the 113 PG-13 films that amassed $4.7 billion at the box office, pulling in about $41.6 million each. It’s a simple word problem that even a fifth-grader could figure out, but somehow studios keep getting the math very wrong. Last year, even more R-rated movies were released—Box Office Mojo counts 199—and they actually earned less money than before, just $12.9 million on average. Whereas the highest-grossing PG-13-rated movie was “Star Wars: The Force Awakens,” which has, thus far, earned $916 million in the U.S., the biggest R-rated film was “Fifty Shades of Grey,” which topped out at $166 million. While “The Force Awakens” shattered the all-time box office record, “Fifty Shades” settled for 16th place on the year-end charts. The coming onslaught of R-rated movies is only the latest version of a message that Hollywood has been trying to sell audiences for years: Fans want our movies darker, bloodier and broodier. These days, even Superman has to be a candidate for Zoloft. This is why, next month, we’ll get “Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice,” a movie in which a sad Ben Affleck yells at Henry Cavill for two and a half hours. The superhero broodissance also brought us last year’s “Fantastic Four” reboot, which director Josh Trank promised would be “a much more grounded, gritty, realistic movie.” The film was also a lifeless bore that the studio didn’t want to be associated with. Even its actors looked vaguely embarrassed to be in it. If the box office failure of “Fantastic Four” (which grossed a disastrous $56 million in theaters) and the underperformance of 2014’s “The Wolverine” ($132 million) is any indication, the secret to success isn’t about grit, grime or sending Wolverine to go mope in Japan. What audiences respond to most is movies that we actually want, not what we’ve already had more than enough of. 2013’s “The Wolverine” marked Hugh Jackman’s fifth time playing the clawed crusader on film, and by the time he finally hangs up his claws for “The Wolverine 3,” he will have starred in eight “X-Men” movies. No R-rating can disguise that level of overkill. Contrast this with the case of “Deadpool.” After Wade Wilson made his cinematic debut in the poorly received “X-Men Origins: Wolverine,” Ryan Reynolds fought for seven years to get his own spinoff, hoping to do right by audiences. After some test footage of Reynolds in the part leaked onto the Internet to rave reviews, Reynolds would get that chance. Despite the fact that the movie sends up the superhero genre, “Deadpool” is hardly as ironic or cynical as it believes. The film was a passion project for everyone involved, as well a giant love letter to all the fans who supported it. If Hollywood has to endlessly copy a movie until we’re all sick of it, it could do worse than “Deadpool.” The inevitable R-rating trend might even get us a “Suicide Squad” sequel that doesn’t have to settle for a PG-13 (what’s the point of having a movie starring villains if you don’t let them be really naughty?), but for the most part, studios don’t need to break bad to make good. What the industry really needs is more love.

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Published on February 18, 2016 16:00

In defense of grave dancing: It’s true that Scalia was a human being, but I still refuse to mourn a-holes like him politely

Like many people, I found out about the death of Antonin Scalia through social media, a Facebook chat to be specific. “DUDE! Scalia may be dead,” my friend messaged me." After a few minutes of silence, my friend returned, in all caps, once again, to proclaim, “HE’S DEAD!!!!!!!!!!!!!”

While Scalia’s unexpected death provoked a pseudo-constitutional crisis among the right wing, it provoked an existential crisis in me. I felt simultaneously happy, relieved, hopeful and guilty. He’s someone’s father! Someone’s husband! RBG’s bestie and opera partner! Even worse than what I felt was what I wanted to do! “OMG!” I typed to my friend. “Would a listicle of Scalia’s Worst Quotes be the worst?” Ironically enough, my friend’s verdict was Scalian; swift, punishing and punctuated with hyperbole and exclamation points: “NO! YOU MUST DO IT!” F&*( DECORUM!”

A woman of checks and balances, I sought counsel from other sources via other means of communication. I skyped an editor to ask for her ruling on the issue. Her judgment was Kennedyian and moderate: She urged me to wait 24 hours, reminding me that “dancing on people’s grave [was] not a good look.” When I texted another friend, a journalist, he concurred with the editor, writing, “I wouldn’t celebrate it.”

The majority, it seemed, had ruled. It would be in poor taste and bad judgment, an ethical breach, to openly rejoice about Scalia’s death.

I had no grounds for appeal. The decision was final… or so it seemed.

But then, I felt a flickering of hope, as I saw a flickering of light from my cellphone. With bated breath, I watched as dots of i-message judgment popped up on my screen. The journalist, it seemed, hadn’t finished his ruling: He thought I could make the argument that his death may have “saved the planet” with the court now unlikely to strike down Obama’s far-reaching emissions plan. “He was a bigot who made millions of people suffer.” With this Breyersian analysis, my friend granted my piece, which I had planned to kill, a last-minute reprieve.

I decided I’d “nudge,” if not totally violate, decorum. I compiled some of the late justice’s most “memorable quotes.” I can’t say I’m proud of my word choice. The cop-out-est of adjectives, “memorable” allowed me a convenient vagueness. But, in all fairness, Scalia’s equal opportunity bigotry made it hard to come up with a headline-length title that did him any justice: “Scalia’s most homophobic and/or sexist and/or racist and/or savage decisions, quotes or off-the-cuff statements” is a mouthful.

The guilt I felt over turning Scalia’s death into shareable content started to dissipate as I sorted through the bottomless pit of sexism, homophobia and racism that was his legacy.  His cruel and draconian incarceration opinions, which had caused so much suffering, now offered me comfort, solace, conviction and a sense of righteousness.

But what really emboldened me was his near fetish for death and the death penalty. Not only did Scalia defend capital punishment for youth and people with mental disabilities, he also has famously said, out loud, that it wasn’t unconstitutional to execute the innocent as long as they had a fair trial: “[t]his court has never held that the Constitution forbids the execution of a convicted defendant who has had a full and fair trial but is later able to convince a habeas court that he is ‘actually’ innocent.”

Why should Scalia, who was so brazen about his disregard for human life, even innocent life, deserve respectful or solemn commemoration in the public sphere?

Scalia wasn’t merely defending the death penalty in theory as an acceptable and appropriate punishment for guilty people; he was defending it for the innocent if it came to that. And, as one of the nine people on the Supreme Court, his ideas contributed and buttressed the state-sanctioned murder of innocent people.

Surely, whatever deficit of empathy I revealed paled in comparison to Scalia’s chasm of compassion. If he could sleep soundly with the deaths of innocents on his mind, who was I to feel guilty about a death I had nothing to do with. It seemed wrong. And also, profoundly un-Scalia-like. And that was when it occurred to me: What better way to honor the late justice than by asking #WWSD? What would Scalia do? The answer was obvious: He’d react to the loss of human life with heartlessness, cruelty and adherence to his own conviction.

To be fair, this issue of how to mark the passing of the wicked and depraved does not belong to Scalia alone. The question of public celebration of death was raised when Osama bin Laden was assassinated. I'm in no way comparing Scalia and bin Laden, but the contrast between the two sheds light on how and why society determines norms around mourning. I did not celebrate the death of bin Laden because we have laws to deal with outlaws and trials to teach defendants and the public about the nature of crime and punishment. But most Americans rejoiced at the death of a man who masterminded an attack on the United States that killed 3,000 people.

The truth is, these norms are based on politics, vested interests, an unquestioning acceptance of the status quo and powers that be. They are not based on ethical principles or moral absolutes.  How many leaders have ordered the killing of thousands of civilians? When the leaders are ours, we call it collateral damage. When the leaders are our enemies, we call it murder.

There are, of course, rules of engagement and the rule of law. And Scalia isn’t technically a murderer. As a judge, he gets to implement state-sanctioned murder, also called the law. But as any student of civil rights history knows, the issues of legality and justice are separate. What Martin Luther King did was illegal. But it wasn’t unjust. What Scalia did may have been legal but it was unjust. And because he was a judge, Scalia had the power to codify his own murderous behavior, enshrining it into the law.

But let us return to the question of whether the late justice, despite his numerous crimes and offenses, still deserves to be mourned with some level of decorum. After lengthy analysis and hand-wringing, I can only conclude: hell no! It is hypocritical and sanctimonious to require anyone to grant Scalia the compassion he relished denying others. Mourning itself becomes distasteful and disrespectful when the person who has died was not simply a flawed person or a misunderstood person or a deeply misguided person, but a person whose life and legacy were built on the pain, damage, humiliation and injustice he caused others and our world at large.

When we decorously mourn Scalia, or other powerful and public figures like him, what are we doing to the family members and loved ones of those people whose appeals Scalia voted against? Is there not something morbid about mourning a (state-sanctioned) murderer?

If only our culture cared as much about the lives of the living as it does the lives of the dead, or the unborn, for that matter. The culture of decorum that elevates a person’s life after death is, in some way, a perfect corollary to the culture of “life."

Our tradition of mourning, rooted in religion, has codified centuries of war and pillage. Paying homage to people once they are dead doesn’t absolve us from killing them. Death cannot and should not change history. Solemnifying and ennobling the act of leaving the mortal sphere has the dishonest and painful effect of whitewashing the actions of those who were hateful, destructive, or worse. The damage wrought by people like Scalia will long outlive them.

Rest in peace can’t undo a career’s worth of damage; and pointing this out is not an act of disrespect. Ignoring it is.

Unlike Scalia or our leaders, however, I don’t believe the desire for vengeance should be embraced on a legal or policy level. I know Scalia was very Catholic in his thinking and siring (of nine children). And I, on the other hand, am a godless Jew. But when I heard about Scalia’s death, I immediately thought of a Christian hymn, of all things. Written in 1869 by the American Baptist minister Robert Wadsworth Lowry, "My Life Flows on in Endless Song (How Can I Keep From Singing)" was amended by Quaker Doris Penn, popularized by the folk singer Pete Seeger and, later, the new-age singer Enya. Since I’m not a strict constructionist, I will quote the verse that Penn added nearly a century after it was first written:

When tyrants tremble, sick with fear,

And hear their death-knell ringing,

When friends rejoice both far and near,

How can I keep from singing?

In prison cell and dungeon vile,

Our thoughts to them are winging;

When friends by shame are undefiled,

How can I keep from singing?

Katie Halper is a writer, filmmaker, comedian and host of the Katie Halper show, a weekly WBAI radio show and podcast. She writes for The Nation, Rolling Stone, Vice, The Guardian, and has appeared on MSNBC, HuffPost Live, RT, Sirius Radio. https://www.facebook.com/thekatiehalp... https://www.instagram.com/kthalps/ https://twitter.com/kthalps http://katiehalper.com/

Like many people, I found out about the death of Antonin Scalia through social media, a Facebook chat to be specific. “DUDE! Scalia may be dead,” my friend messaged me." After a few minutes of silence, my friend returned, in all caps, once again, to proclaim, “HE’S DEAD!!!!!!!!!!!!!”

While Scalia’s unexpected death provoked a pseudo-constitutional crisis among the right wing, it provoked an existential crisis in me. I felt simultaneously happy, relieved, hopeful and guilty. He’s someone’s father! Someone’s husband! RBG’s bestie and opera partner! Even worse than what I felt was what I wanted to do! “OMG!” I typed to my friend. “Would a listicle of Scalia’s Worst Quotes be the worst?” Ironically enough, my friend’s verdict was Scalian; swift, punishing and punctuated with hyperbole and exclamation points: “NO! YOU MUST DO IT!” F&*( DECORUM!”

A woman of checks and balances, I sought counsel from other sources via other means of communication. I skyped an editor to ask for her ruling on the issue. Her judgment was Kennedyian and moderate: She urged me to wait 24 hours, reminding me that “dancing on people’s grave [was] not a good look.” When I texted another friend, a journalist, he concurred with the editor, writing, “I wouldn’t celebrate it.”

The majority, it seemed, had ruled. It would be in poor taste and bad judgment, an ethical breach, to openly rejoice about Scalia’s death.

I had no grounds for appeal. The decision was final… or so it seemed.

But then, I felt a flickering of hope, as I saw a flickering of light from my cellphone. With bated breath, I watched as dots of i-message judgment popped up on my screen. The journalist, it seemed, hadn’t finished his ruling: He thought I could make the argument that his death may have “saved the planet” with the court now unlikely to strike down Obama’s far-reaching emissions plan. “He was a bigot who made millions of people suffer.” With this Breyersian analysis, my friend granted my piece, which I had planned to kill, a last-minute reprieve.

I decided I’d “nudge,” if not totally violate, decorum. I compiled some of the late justice’s most “memorable quotes.” I can’t say I’m proud of my word choice. The cop-out-est of adjectives, “memorable” allowed me a convenient vagueness. But, in all fairness, Scalia’s equal opportunity bigotry made it hard to come up with a headline-length title that did him any justice: “Scalia’s most homophobic and/or sexist and/or racist and/or savage decisions, quotes or off-the-cuff statements” is a mouthful.

The guilt I felt over turning Scalia’s death into shareable content started to dissipate as I sorted through the bottomless pit of sexism, homophobia and racism that was his legacy.  His cruel and draconian incarceration opinions, which had caused so much suffering, now offered me comfort, solace, conviction and a sense of righteousness.

But what really emboldened me was his near fetish for death and the death penalty. Not only did Scalia defend capital punishment for youth and people with mental disabilities, he also has famously said, out loud, that it wasn’t unconstitutional to execute the innocent as long as they had a fair trial: “[t]his court has never held that the Constitution forbids the execution of a convicted defendant who has had a full and fair trial but is later able to convince a habeas court that he is ‘actually’ innocent.”

Why should Scalia, who was so brazen about his disregard for human life, even innocent life, deserve respectful or solemn commemoration in the public sphere?

Scalia wasn’t merely defending the death penalty in theory as an acceptable and appropriate punishment for guilty people; he was defending it for the innocent if it came to that. And, as one of the nine people on the Supreme Court, his ideas contributed and buttressed the state-sanctioned murder of innocent people.

Surely, whatever deficit of empathy I revealed paled in comparison to Scalia’s chasm of compassion. If he could sleep soundly with the deaths of innocents on his mind, who was I to feel guilty about a death I had nothing to do with. It seemed wrong. And also, profoundly un-Scalia-like. And that was when it occurred to me: What better way to honor the late justice than by asking #WWSD? What would Scalia do? The answer was obvious: He’d react to the loss of human life with heartlessness, cruelty and adherence to his own conviction.

To be fair, this issue of how to mark the passing of the wicked and depraved does not belong to Scalia alone. The question of public celebration of death was raised when Osama bin Laden was assassinated. I'm in no way comparing Scalia and bin Laden, but the contrast between the two sheds light on how and why society determines norms around mourning. I did not celebrate the death of bin Laden because we have laws to deal with outlaws and trials to teach defendants and the public about the nature of crime and punishment. But most Americans rejoiced at the death of a man who masterminded an attack on the United States that killed 3,000 people.

The truth is, these norms are based on politics, vested interests, an unquestioning acceptance of the status quo and powers that be. They are not based on ethical principles or moral absolutes.  How many leaders have ordered the killing of thousands of civilians? When the leaders are ours, we call it collateral damage. When the leaders are our enemies, we call it murder.

There are, of course, rules of engagement and the rule of law. And Scalia isn’t technically a murderer. As a judge, he gets to implement state-sanctioned murder, also called the law. But as any student of civil rights history knows, the issues of legality and justice are separate. What Martin Luther King did was illegal. But it wasn’t unjust. What Scalia did may have been legal but it was unjust. And because he was a judge, Scalia had the power to codify his own murderous behavior, enshrining it into the law.

But let us return to the question of whether the late justice, despite his numerous crimes and offenses, still deserves to be mourned with some level of decorum. After lengthy analysis and hand-wringing, I can only conclude: hell no! It is hypocritical and sanctimonious to require anyone to grant Scalia the compassion he relished denying others. Mourning itself becomes distasteful and disrespectful when the person who has died was not simply a flawed person or a misunderstood person or a deeply misguided person, but a person whose life and legacy were built on the pain, damage, humiliation and injustice he caused others and our world at large.

When we decorously mourn Scalia, or other powerful and public figures like him, what are we doing to the family members and loved ones of those people whose appeals Scalia voted against? Is there not something morbid about mourning a (state-sanctioned) murderer?

If only our culture cared as much about the lives of the living as it does the lives of the dead, or the unborn, for that matter. The culture of decorum that elevates a person’s life after death is, in some way, a perfect corollary to the culture of “life."

Our tradition of mourning, rooted in religion, has codified centuries of war and pillage. Paying homage to people once they are dead doesn’t absolve us from killing them. Death cannot and should not change history. Solemnifying and ennobling the act of leaving the mortal sphere has the dishonest and painful effect of whitewashing the actions of those who were hateful, destructive, or worse. The damage wrought by people like Scalia will long outlive them.

Rest in peace can’t undo a career’s worth of damage; and pointing this out is not an act of disrespect. Ignoring it is.

Unlike Scalia or our leaders, however, I don’t believe the desire for vengeance should be embraced on a legal or policy level. I know Scalia was very Catholic in his thinking and siring (of nine children). And I, on the other hand, am a godless Jew. But when I heard about Scalia’s death, I immediately thought of a Christian hymn, of all things. Written in 1869 by the American Baptist minister Robert Wadsworth Lowry, "My Life Flows on in Endless Song (How Can I Keep From Singing)" was amended by Quaker Doris Penn, popularized by the folk singer Pete Seeger and, later, the new-age singer Enya. Since I’m not a strict constructionist, I will quote the verse that Penn added nearly a century after it was first written:

When tyrants tremble, sick with fear,

And hear their death-knell ringing,

When friends rejoice both far and near,

How can I keep from singing?

In prison cell and dungeon vile,

Our thoughts to them are winging;

When friends by shame are undefiled,

How can I keep from singing?

Katie Halper is a writer, filmmaker, comedian and host of the Katie Halper show, a weekly WBAI radio show and podcast. She writes for The Nation, Rolling Stone, Vice, The Guardian, and has appeared on MSNBC, HuffPost Live, RT, Sirius Radio. https://www.facebook.com/thekatiehalp... https://www.instagram.com/kthalps/ https://twitter.com/kthalps http://katiehalper.com/

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Published on February 18, 2016 16:00

Kanye’s Kubrick obsession: An examination of West’s love for the legendary filmmaker

Kanye-watchers have been a bit confused lately, with the musician/fashion designer's puzzling shout-out to Bill Cosby, his fight with Wiz Khalifa and the revival of his feud with Taylor Swift. Was all of this a big publicity push in anticipation of his new record, “The Life of Pablo”? Or was it – as is often the case with West -- something more complicated? Since the audio of his backstage freakout on "Saturday Night Live" leaked, something, at least, is becoming clearer. Here’s Page Six:
Kanye can be heard ranting, “Are they f—–g crazy? Whoa by 50 percent [I am more influential than] Stanley Kubrick, Picasso, Apostle Paul, f—–g Picasso and Escobar. By 50 percent more influential than any other human being. Don’t f–k with me. Don’t f–k with me. Don’t f–k with me. By 50 percent dead or alive, by 50 percent for the next 1,000 years. Stanley Kubrick, ‘Ye.”
The fact that he’s comparing himself to such enormous figures isn’t that surprising. (Since St. Paul basically inaugurated Christianity, this one actually may be a difficult for West to live up to.) Given the title of the album, the Picasso and Escobar references are not that startling. But if you squint, something becomes clear: West has a longtime obsession with Kubrick and may now be engaged in some mix of homage and Oedipal struggle with the director of “The Shining,” “A Clockwork Orange” and “Eyes Wide Shut.” At first this may seem odd, since West is a ubiquitous figure who shows up on Twitter constantly. He held the release event for his new album, complete with fashion show, at Madison Square Garden, and he's hardly shy about television appearances. Kubrick was a recluse who retreated to England in the mid-‘60s and would probably not have spent a lot of time on social media. But the record shows West’s long fascination with the eccentric director. Maybe it's a "Rosebud" of sorts for the enigmatic West. When he toured a school in Armenia last November, for instance, West told one of the teachers, "They’re shooting my wife’s show, and I keep on, like, asking them to shoot it like it’s Stanley Kubrick." (He’s said for years that he doesn’t much like the way “Keeping Up With the Kardashians” is filmed, and he’s dodged appearances on the show because he doesn’t like the cinematography.) That’s not West’s only reference to the director. Both the video for “Flashing Lights” and the short film of “Runaway” – one of the best things West has done – are apparently indebted to Kubrick. He told MTV:
“Look at it graphically, how it starts,” he said of “Flashing Lights.” “With the car, the orange sky, the color palettes, the blue sky, the car pulling up with the orange headlights. And just the beautiful women, taking the Helmut Newton type photo and bringing it to real life and crashing it against Jim Henson and George Lucas type whimsy and taking, like, a [Federico] Fellini, [Stanley] Kubrick pacing and a very graphic novel/ comic book type setup on all the shots. There’s a lot of shots that are borderline illegal for a film student. It just breaks rules, because I have absolutely no idea what I’m doing.”
Having “no idea what I’m doing” is about as far as West could get from Kubrick, who was a very deliberate, controlled filmmaker. It makes you wonder: Is West just using Kubrick’s name as shorthand for a serious, arty filmmaker? But West actually seems to be a real student of Kubrick, or at least to have watched “Eyes Wide Shut” a bunch of times. “Runaway” has the grave, stately tempo that Kubrick was known for, and uses a repeated piano figure from Kubrick’s last movie. When he was making the “Runaway” film, West tweeted shots from the Kubrick movie. Whether West’s video achievements can compare to the director of “2001: A Space Odyssey,” “Barry Lyndon” and all the others is hard to say. And why would a developing Kubrick obsession provoke West’s recent acting out, given what an introvert the director was? But he’s clearly got Kubrick on the mind in recent years. Maybe his next album will be called “The Life of Stanley” and make its premiere at an English manor? Probably not. But with Kanye West, anything is possible.Kanye-watchers have been a bit confused lately, with the musician/fashion designer's puzzling shout-out to Bill Cosby, his fight with Wiz Khalifa and the revival of his feud with Taylor Swift. Was all of this a big publicity push in anticipation of his new record, “The Life of Pablo”? Or was it – as is often the case with West -- something more complicated? Since the audio of his backstage freakout on "Saturday Night Live" leaked, something, at least, is becoming clearer. Here’s Page Six:
Kanye can be heard ranting, “Are they f—–g crazy? Whoa by 50 percent [I am more influential than] Stanley Kubrick, Picasso, Apostle Paul, f—–g Picasso and Escobar. By 50 percent more influential than any other human being. Don’t f–k with me. Don’t f–k with me. Don’t f–k with me. By 50 percent dead or alive, by 50 percent for the next 1,000 years. Stanley Kubrick, ‘Ye.”
The fact that he’s comparing himself to such enormous figures isn’t that surprising. (Since St. Paul basically inaugurated Christianity, this one actually may be a difficult for West to live up to.) Given the title of the album, the Picasso and Escobar references are not that startling. But if you squint, something becomes clear: West has a longtime obsession with Kubrick and may now be engaged in some mix of homage and Oedipal struggle with the director of “The Shining,” “A Clockwork Orange” and “Eyes Wide Shut.” At first this may seem odd, since West is a ubiquitous figure who shows up on Twitter constantly. He held the release event for his new album, complete with fashion show, at Madison Square Garden, and he's hardly shy about television appearances. Kubrick was a recluse who retreated to England in the mid-‘60s and would probably not have spent a lot of time on social media. But the record shows West’s long fascination with the eccentric director. Maybe it's a "Rosebud" of sorts for the enigmatic West. When he toured a school in Armenia last November, for instance, West told one of the teachers, "They’re shooting my wife’s show, and I keep on, like, asking them to shoot it like it’s Stanley Kubrick." (He’s said for years that he doesn’t much like the way “Keeping Up With the Kardashians” is filmed, and he’s dodged appearances on the show because he doesn’t like the cinematography.) That’s not West’s only reference to the director. Both the video for “Flashing Lights” and the short film of “Runaway” – one of the best things West has done – are apparently indebted to Kubrick. He told MTV:
“Look at it graphically, how it starts,” he said of “Flashing Lights.” “With the car, the orange sky, the color palettes, the blue sky, the car pulling up with the orange headlights. And just the beautiful women, taking the Helmut Newton type photo and bringing it to real life and crashing it against Jim Henson and George Lucas type whimsy and taking, like, a [Federico] Fellini, [Stanley] Kubrick pacing and a very graphic novel/ comic book type setup on all the shots. There’s a lot of shots that are borderline illegal for a film student. It just breaks rules, because I have absolutely no idea what I’m doing.”
Having “no idea what I’m doing” is about as far as West could get from Kubrick, who was a very deliberate, controlled filmmaker. It makes you wonder: Is West just using Kubrick’s name as shorthand for a serious, arty filmmaker? But West actually seems to be a real student of Kubrick, or at least to have watched “Eyes Wide Shut” a bunch of times. “Runaway” has the grave, stately tempo that Kubrick was known for, and uses a repeated piano figure from Kubrick’s last movie. When he was making the “Runaway” film, West tweeted shots from the Kubrick movie. Whether West’s video achievements can compare to the director of “2001: A Space Odyssey,” “Barry Lyndon” and all the others is hard to say. And why would a developing Kubrick obsession provoke West’s recent acting out, given what an introvert the director was? But he’s clearly got Kubrick on the mind in recent years. Maybe his next album will be called “The Life of Stanley” and make its premiere at an English manor? Probably not. But with Kanye West, anything is possible.Kanye-watchers have been a bit confused lately, with the musician/fashion designer's puzzling shout-out to Bill Cosby, his fight with Wiz Khalifa and the revival of his feud with Taylor Swift. Was all of this a big publicity push in anticipation of his new record, “The Life of Pablo”? Or was it – as is often the case with West -- something more complicated? Since the audio of his backstage freakout on "Saturday Night Live" leaked, something, at least, is becoming clearer. Here’s Page Six:
Kanye can be heard ranting, “Are they f—–g crazy? Whoa by 50 percent [I am more influential than] Stanley Kubrick, Picasso, Apostle Paul, f—–g Picasso and Escobar. By 50 percent more influential than any other human being. Don’t f–k with me. Don’t f–k with me. Don’t f–k with me. By 50 percent dead or alive, by 50 percent for the next 1,000 years. Stanley Kubrick, ‘Ye.”
The fact that he’s comparing himself to such enormous figures isn’t that surprising. (Since St. Paul basically inaugurated Christianity, this one actually may be a difficult for West to live up to.) Given the title of the album, the Picasso and Escobar references are not that startling. But if you squint, something becomes clear: West has a longtime obsession with Kubrick and may now be engaged in some mix of homage and Oedipal struggle with the director of “The Shining,” “A Clockwork Orange” and “Eyes Wide Shut.” At first this may seem odd, since West is a ubiquitous figure who shows up on Twitter constantly. He held the release event for his new album, complete with fashion show, at Madison Square Garden, and he's hardly shy about television appearances. Kubrick was a recluse who retreated to England in the mid-‘60s and would probably not have spent a lot of time on social media. But the record shows West’s long fascination with the eccentric director. Maybe it's a "Rosebud" of sorts for the enigmatic West. When he toured a school in Armenia last November, for instance, West told one of the teachers, "They’re shooting my wife’s show, and I keep on, like, asking them to shoot it like it’s Stanley Kubrick." (He’s said for years that he doesn’t much like the way “Keeping Up With the Kardashians” is filmed, and he’s dodged appearances on the show because he doesn’t like the cinematography.) That’s not West’s only reference to the director. Both the video for “Flashing Lights” and the short film of “Runaway” – one of the best things West has done – are apparently indebted to Kubrick. He told MTV:
“Look at it graphically, how it starts,” he said of “Flashing Lights.” “With the car, the orange sky, the color palettes, the blue sky, the car pulling up with the orange headlights. And just the beautiful women, taking the Helmut Newton type photo and bringing it to real life and crashing it against Jim Henson and George Lucas type whimsy and taking, like, a [Federico] Fellini, [Stanley] Kubrick pacing and a very graphic novel/ comic book type setup on all the shots. There’s a lot of shots that are borderline illegal for a film student. It just breaks rules, because I have absolutely no idea what I’m doing.”
Having “no idea what I’m doing” is about as far as West could get from Kubrick, who was a very deliberate, controlled filmmaker. It makes you wonder: Is West just using Kubrick’s name as shorthand for a serious, arty filmmaker? But West actually seems to be a real student of Kubrick, or at least to have watched “Eyes Wide Shut” a bunch of times. “Runaway” has the grave, stately tempo that Kubrick was known for, and uses a repeated piano figure from Kubrick’s last movie. When he was making the “Runaway” film, West tweeted shots from the Kubrick movie. Whether West’s video achievements can compare to the director of “2001: A Space Odyssey,” “Barry Lyndon” and all the others is hard to say. And why would a developing Kubrick obsession provoke West’s recent acting out, given what an introvert the director was? But he’s clearly got Kubrick on the mind in recent years. Maybe his next album will be called “The Life of Stanley” and make its premiere at an English manor? Probably not. But with Kanye West, anything is possible.

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Published on February 18, 2016 15:59

Could a horror movie set in the 17th century explain America’s current insanity? See “The Witch,” if you dare

What possible relevance could a horror movie set in early colonial America — when the only “immigrants” were Puritans fleeing from the Church of England and the Crown — have to the specific grade of 21st-century Donald Trump insanity that has driven this topsy-turvy election year? A whole bunch, it turns out. Writer-director Robert Eggers’ intensely atmospheric “The Witch,” one of the breakout hits of Sundance 2015, has taken a full year to reach theatrical release. But in some ways its timing couldn’t be better. Like any truly successful horror film, “The Witch” operates on various levels at once and is open to interpretation. You are free to roll your eyes at me for being tiresome and insisting that some parable about contemporary America is at work, since the society depicted in this movie doesn’t resemble ours in the slightest. Indeed, it’s barely society at all: No year is ever specified, but Eggers has said the setting is the 1630s, only a few years after the legendary landing at Plymouth Rock. (Which, like so many things in American history, was made up after the fact: The Mayflower first made landfall on Cape Cod, and even when it moved on to Plymouth nobody mentioned a rock.) Will, a would-be farmer from the north of England (played by the tremendous Ralph Ineson), is such a religious zealot that he has accepted banishment from Plymouth Plantation rather than submit to its doctrines and laws. Although “The Witch” is not based on any specific historical incident, Eggers has done considerable research, and it was apparently possible to be too much of a Bible-thumper for the New England Puritans. So Will and his pinched and stretched-looking wife, Kate (Kate Dickie), and their five children must build an isolated homestead on the edge of the immense North American wilderness, facing an endless forest full of wolves, bears, potentially hostile Natives and other dangers they don’t quite understand. What could possibly go wrong out there, for a group of lost and lonely English refugees in the middle of nowhere, obsessed with sin and damnation and the unknowability of God’s grace, as they slowly starve to death and not so slowly go nuts? For all his manly talk, scriptural gloom and unbending pride, Will isn’t much of a planter or a hunter. He repeatedly fails to shoot a wild rabbit who shows up several times. (It may not be coincidental that in both Native American and Celtic legend, rabbits or hares often appear as supernatural tricksters.) As his teenage daughter Thomasin (Anya Taylor-Joy) tells him later in the film, he’s a coward and a hypocrite who alternately deceives Kate and lets her boss him around. Remember, this story takes place 60 years or so before the infamous witch trials in Salem, and none of the English-speaking people on this continent felt the slightest doubt that the devil was at work among them, seeking to corrupt and pervert their godly experiment. As in the Salem case, Satan’s easiest targets are girls and young women just past the onset of puberty, and his most powerful vector is the reality-distortion field of female sexuality. We first meet Thomasin, Will and Kate’s eldest daughter, as she kneels and confesses her abundant sins before God, admitting that she deserves shame and eternal hellfire but beseeching him for forgiveness in his son’s name. A luminous beauty of 13 or 14 — and the only one of the children who can remember their old life in England — Thomasin has become a disruptive force within her family, in ways that are not spoken out loud. One afternoon, when she is caring for Sam, her newborn baby brother, he disappears, literally from under her nose. It’s both a mystery and an unbearable tragedy, but one of the creepiest factors of the story is the sense that Will and Kate are not all that surprised. They could feel that something bad would happen, or had happened already. But they couldn’t have imagined how bad it would get. Is Thomasin the witch of the title? Well, she says she is, at one point — but I promise that isn’t much of a spoiler. Her younger sister Mercy (Ellie Grainger), who is no more than 6 or 7, says the same thing about herself, in somewhat more specific and troubling fashion. Is “The Witch,” under the surface, a story about sexual abuse, and about the vicious combination of guilt and jealousy that can poison relationships between mother and daughter, or between sisters? That’s certainly one way to read it. Is it, on a grander scale, an allegorical tale about religious hysteria and paranoid delusion, and even about the current of self-hatred and self-destructiveness that lies at the heart of the American experience? I would strongly argue for yes. But those aren’t mutually exclusive options — and it’s also a story about a well-meaning American family confronted by evil. There is a witch in the woods, after all. We see her sneaking away with infant Sam, the unbaptized babe so crucial to certain diabolical rituals. Later in the film, we see her lure Caleb (Harvey Scrimshaw), Thomasin’s slightly younger brother, into her lair with a display of legs and cleavage entirely without precedent in 17th-century America. Is it relevant that we have already seen Caleb, a devout and loyal son, eyeing his sister’s body with the first stirrings of prurient interest? It might be. I’m sure someone will write a piece this week suggesting that Eggers is playing into misogynistic stereotype by implying that there may really have been child-killing witches in the New England woods, who could fly and who engaged in unorthodox sexual practices and who had signed their names in blood in the Black Book. I’m eager to debate the remarkable ending of “The Witch” with you, or with someone, but we can’t do that right now. What I can say is that Eggers has specifically mentioned Stanley Kubrick’s “The Shining” and Ingmar Bergman’s “Cries and Whispers” as films that influenced his approach. We could throw in other contenders as well, like Michael Haneke’s “The White Ribbon” or the ‘70s British horror classic “The Wicker Man” or even Lars von Trier's profoundly disturbed "Antichrist." (Spoiler alert! Evil talking animals.) In each of those cases, insisting on some unitary interpretation of “what really happened” leads you down a nonsensical M. Night Shyamalan rabbit hole, as epitomized in the hilarious and terrifying documentary “Room 237,” about the competing realms of “Shining” truthers. (See also: David Chase and the final scene of "The Sopranos.") Eggers’ subtitle is “A New England Folktale,” and demanding the truth about what happens in his movie, from the perspective of our supposed enlightenment, runs counter not just to folklore and storytelling, but to the life experiences of people who lived in the past. Did people of Thomasin’s time believe in Satan, and in witchcraft? Indisputably. Did some women of that profoundly misogynistic age believe they had sold their souls and engaged in sexual congress with the Dark Lord, as the only pathway to feminine power? Almost certainly. Did that era of religious torment and overt gender warfare and mistrust of outsiders, not to mention the profound self-loathing instilled by Calvinist theology at its most extreme, sow the seeds we still reap in America nearly 400 years later? Maybe. Of course, it’s easier just to blame the women.What possible relevance could a horror movie set in early colonial America — when the only “immigrants” were Puritans fleeing from the Church of England and the Crown — have to the specific grade of 21st-century Donald Trump insanity that has driven this topsy-turvy election year? A whole bunch, it turns out. Writer-director Robert Eggers’ intensely atmospheric “The Witch,” one of the breakout hits of Sundance 2015, has taken a full year to reach theatrical release. But in some ways its timing couldn’t be better. Like any truly successful horror film, “The Witch” operates on various levels at once and is open to interpretation. You are free to roll your eyes at me for being tiresome and insisting that some parable about contemporary America is at work, since the society depicted in this movie doesn’t resemble ours in the slightest. Indeed, it’s barely society at all: No year is ever specified, but Eggers has said the setting is the 1630s, only a few years after the legendary landing at Plymouth Rock. (Which, like so many things in American history, was made up after the fact: The Mayflower first made landfall on Cape Cod, and even when it moved on to Plymouth nobody mentioned a rock.) Will, a would-be farmer from the north of England (played by the tremendous Ralph Ineson), is such a religious zealot that he has accepted banishment from Plymouth Plantation rather than submit to its doctrines and laws. Although “The Witch” is not based on any specific historical incident, Eggers has done considerable research, and it was apparently possible to be too much of a Bible-thumper for the New England Puritans. So Will and his pinched and stretched-looking wife, Kate (Kate Dickie), and their five children must build an isolated homestead on the edge of the immense North American wilderness, facing an endless forest full of wolves, bears, potentially hostile Natives and other dangers they don’t quite understand. What could possibly go wrong out there, for a group of lost and lonely English refugees in the middle of nowhere, obsessed with sin and damnation and the unknowability of God’s grace, as they slowly starve to death and not so slowly go nuts? For all his manly talk, scriptural gloom and unbending pride, Will isn’t much of a planter or a hunter. He repeatedly fails to shoot a wild rabbit who shows up several times. (It may not be coincidental that in both Native American and Celtic legend, rabbits or hares often appear as supernatural tricksters.) As his teenage daughter Thomasin (Anya Taylor-Joy) tells him later in the film, he’s a coward and a hypocrite who alternately deceives Kate and lets her boss him around. Remember, this story takes place 60 years or so before the infamous witch trials in Salem, and none of the English-speaking people on this continent felt the slightest doubt that the devil was at work among them, seeking to corrupt and pervert their godly experiment. As in the Salem case, Satan’s easiest targets are girls and young women just past the onset of puberty, and his most powerful vector is the reality-distortion field of female sexuality. We first meet Thomasin, Will and Kate’s eldest daughter, as she kneels and confesses her abundant sins before God, admitting that she deserves shame and eternal hellfire but beseeching him for forgiveness in his son’s name. A luminous beauty of 13 or 14 — and the only one of the children who can remember their old life in England — Thomasin has become a disruptive force within her family, in ways that are not spoken out loud. One afternoon, when she is caring for Sam, her newborn baby brother, he disappears, literally from under her nose. It’s both a mystery and an unbearable tragedy, but one of the creepiest factors of the story is the sense that Will and Kate are not all that surprised. They could feel that something bad would happen, or had happened already. But they couldn’t have imagined how bad it would get. Is Thomasin the witch of the title? Well, she says she is, at one point — but I promise that isn’t much of a spoiler. Her younger sister Mercy (Ellie Grainger), who is no more than 6 or 7, says the same thing about herself, in somewhat more specific and troubling fashion. Is “The Witch,” under the surface, a story about sexual abuse, and about the vicious combination of guilt and jealousy that can poison relationships between mother and daughter, or between sisters? That’s certainly one way to read it. Is it, on a grander scale, an allegorical tale about religious hysteria and paranoid delusion, and even about the current of self-hatred and self-destructiveness that lies at the heart of the American experience? I would strongly argue for yes. But those aren’t mutually exclusive options — and it’s also a story about a well-meaning American family confronted by evil. There is a witch in the woods, after all. We see her sneaking away with infant Sam, the unbaptized babe so crucial to certain diabolical rituals. Later in the film, we see her lure Caleb (Harvey Scrimshaw), Thomasin’s slightly younger brother, into her lair with a display of legs and cleavage entirely without precedent in 17th-century America. Is it relevant that we have already seen Caleb, a devout and loyal son, eyeing his sister’s body with the first stirrings of prurient interest? It might be. I’m sure someone will write a piece this week suggesting that Eggers is playing into misogynistic stereotype by implying that there may really have been child-killing witches in the New England woods, who could fly and who engaged in unorthodox sexual practices and who had signed their names in blood in the Black Book. I’m eager to debate the remarkable ending of “The Witch” with you, or with someone, but we can’t do that right now. What I can say is that Eggers has specifically mentioned Stanley Kubrick’s “The Shining” and Ingmar Bergman’s “Cries and Whispers” as films that influenced his approach. We could throw in other contenders as well, like Michael Haneke’s “The White Ribbon” or the ‘70s British horror classic “The Wicker Man” or even Lars von Trier's profoundly disturbed "Antichrist." (Spoiler alert! Evil talking animals.) In each of those cases, insisting on some unitary interpretation of “what really happened” leads you down a nonsensical M. Night Shyamalan rabbit hole, as epitomized in the hilarious and terrifying documentary “Room 237,” about the competing realms of “Shining” truthers. (See also: David Chase and the final scene of "The Sopranos.") Eggers’ subtitle is “A New England Folktale,” and demanding the truth about what happens in his movie, from the perspective of our supposed enlightenment, runs counter not just to folklore and storytelling, but to the life experiences of people who lived in the past. Did people of Thomasin’s time believe in Satan, and in witchcraft? Indisputably. Did some women of that profoundly misogynistic age believe they had sold their souls and engaged in sexual congress with the Dark Lord, as the only pathway to feminine power? Almost certainly. Did that era of religious torment and overt gender warfare and mistrust of outsiders, not to mention the profound self-loathing instilled by Calvinist theology at its most extreme, sow the seeds we still reap in America nearly 400 years later? Maybe. Of course, it’s easier just to blame the women.

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Published on February 18, 2016 15:58

Porn stars protest condom rule: New safety regulations — including “eye protection” — proposed for adult films

Today, porn performers, including Nina Hartley, Joanna Angel, April Flores, Lily Cade and jessica drake, along with numerous others, gathered in Oakland, California, to protest proposed regulations by the California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board (Cal OSHA) which would require the use of condoms and “eye protection” during the course of their work. The new regulations would become effective July 1 of this year. While it’s unclear exactly what type of eye protection would be mandated, industry publication Xbiz write, “Draft regulations amending the existing § 5193 suggest that adult performers might be required to wear goggles to avoid ocular infections and dental dams for oral sex.” As the Los Angeles Daily News summarized the issue: “The dispute over safety standards is part of a long debate about condom use between AIDS Healthcare Foundation and the adult film industry. In 2012, AHF supported and saw passage of Measure B, a Los Angeles County law that makes condoms mandatory on all adult film shoots, saying that performers deserve to be protected while working. But the organization is also working to get a statewide measure on next year’s ballot to strengthen mandates under Cal/OSHA.” Drake, who testified at the hearing, told Vice News, “As a woman, as a feminist, as a human being, I resent the implications that the government can mandate such an intimate decision.” Online, the Free Speech Coalition, an adult industry trade association, worked to rally performers to speak out against the regulations by launching a petition which states in part, “As an adult performer, I believe that I should have effective and industry appropriate choices that work for me. While condoms are one option, adult performers should have the ability to choose for themselves the method or methods of effective STI prevention that best suits them individually.” The organization also live Tweeted today’s hearings to share performer testimony. https://twitter.com/FSCArmy/status/70... Adam Grayson, Chief Financial Officer of porn distribution company Evil Angel, told Salon in an interview that the regulations are an imposition likely to either further bankrupt an industry already struggling with reduced sales due to piracy, or to drive porn producers out of California to areas where condom use is not required. “Fans have expressed with their wallets many times that they prefer non-condom porn over condom porn.” Since the passage of Measure B, there has already been a dramatic drop in porn production in Southern California, which Grayson says will be heightened if this measure passes. “People have roots here, but they’re either going to choose another line of work or they’re going to leave,” said Grayson. Evil Angel does not hire performers itself, but instead, works with independent producers whose jobs would likely be negatively affected if these regulations were to pass, according to Grayson. “If our producers can’t figure out how to stay in business and create content that sells and makes money, as a distributor we have a real operational problem,” said Grayson. “It’s really important to us to make sure these independent producers have a sustainable business model because if they don't survive, we don’t survive.” As for performer safety, Grayson said that the testing system currently in place, using the PASS (Performer Availability Screening Services) system, which requires performers to be tested every 14 days, already sufficiently protects adult actors. “It’s the position of the industry as a whole that we do a very good job of self-regulating,” said Grayson. “I don’t think this is the Triangle Shirtwaist fire situation where we’re shoving as many employees into a warehouse as possible and leaving fire hazards. On heterosexual sets, transmissions of HIV is almost non-existent. There has not been a smoking gun that anybody can confirm beyond a reasonable doubt that there was an on set transmission of HIV in more than a decade.” Grayson said it’s natural that porn performers would balk at having their livelihood regulated so precisely. “People who perform in front of the camera in porn are not conformists at heart; these are rebels,” said Grayson. “These are not people that a) like being told what to do and b) like being part of the monolith. When the state of California or any legislative body says, ‘I’m going to protect you by making sure you have to do A, B, C and D,’ it’s kind of the wrong audience for that. The majority of these people don't want to be told what to do with their bodies. That’s the issue at hand. Don’t tell me I need to put something in my body or on my body; who the hell are you? I think that’s probably the tone from the performer’s side more than anything.” On social media, reports from performer comments at the hearing echoed this sentiment. https://twitter.com/FSCArmy/status/70...   “I don’t think OSHA are boogeymen; their mandate is to protect employees in the workplace,” said Grayson. “I think there is political pressure at the top of the Department of Industrial Relations in Oakland to pay attention to this stuff. I think a lot of the people who work in the Cal OSHA system took these jobs because they wanted to protect poor laborers from falling off ladders or being trapped in fire hazards, that sort of thing. From personal experience, my impression is that they’re thinking, Really, is this what I signed up for? I’m here arguing about what orifice something got stuck in?”

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Published on February 18, 2016 14:14

Prominent American professor proposes that Israel “flatten Beirut” — a 1 million-person city it previously decimated

A prominent American scholar who teaches international relations at George Washington University has publicly proposed that Israel "flatten Beirut" — a city with around 1 million people — in order to destroy the missiles of Lebanon-based militant group Hezbollah. Professor Amitai Etzioni — who has taught at a variety of prestigious U.S. universities, including Columbia, Harvard and Berkeley, and who served as a senior advisor in President Jimmy Carter's administration — made this proposal in an op-ed in Haaretz, the leading English-language Israeli newspaper, known as "The New York Times of Israel." Haaretz represents the liberal wing of Israel's increasingly far-right politics. Etzioni's op-ed was first published on Feb. 15 with the headline "Can Israel Obliterate Hezbollah's Growing Missile Threat Without Massive Civilian Casualties?" (the answer he suggests in response to this question is "likely no"). "Should Israel Flatten Beirut to Destroy Hezbollah's Missiles?" was the next, much more blunt title, chosen sometime on or before Feb. 16. [caption id="attachment_14405917" align="aligncenter" width="620"](A screenshot of the Haaretz headline, which was later changed) (A screenshot of the Haaretz headline, which was later changed)[/caption] As of Feb. 18, the headline is "Should Israel Consider Using Devastating Weapons Against Hezbollah Missiles?" Etzioni served in the Haganah — the army that formed Israel after violently expelling three-quarters of the indigenous Palestinian population — from 1946 to 1948, and then served in the Israeli military from 1948 to 1950. He mentions his military service in both the article and his bio. In the piece, Etzioni cites an anonymous Israeli official who estimates that Hezbollah has 100,000 missiles in Lebanon. In January, the U.S. government put that figure at 80,000 rockets. The anonymous official also says the Israeli government considers these weapons to be its second greatest security threat — after Iran. Etzioni furthermore cites Israel's chief of staff, who claims that most of Hezbollah's missiles are in private homes. Whether this allegation is true is questionable. Israel frequently accuses militant groups of hiding weapons in civilian areas in order to justify its attacks. On numerous occasions, it has been proven that there were no weapons in the civilian areas Israel bombed in Gaza. Assuming it is true, the American scholar argues, if Israeli soldiers were to try to take the missiles out of these homes one at a time, it "would very likely result in many Israeli casualties." In order to avoid Israeli casualties, Etzioni writes: "I asked two American military officers what other options Israel has. They both pointed to Fuel-Air Explosives (FAE). These are bombs that disperse an aerosol cloud of fuel which is ignited by a detonator, producing massive explosions. The resulting rapidly expanding wave flattens all buildings within a considerable range." "Such weapons obviously would be used only after the population was given a chance to evacuate the area. Still, as we saw in Gaza, there are going to be civilian casualties," Etzioni adds. "The time to raise this issue is long before Israel may be forced to use FAEs." Etzioni concludes his piece implying Israel has no other option but to flatten the city of Beirut. "In this way, one hopes, that there be a greater understanding, if not outright acceptance, of the use of these powerful weapons, given that nothing else will do," he writes. Lebanese journalists and activists have expressed outrage at the article. Kareem Chehayeb, a Lebanese journalist and founder and editor of the website Beirut Syndrome, said in response to the piece "Should Israel kill me, my family, and over a million other people to destroy Hezbollah's missiles? How about that for a headline?" Chehayeb told Salon Etzioni's argument is "absolutely absurd" and reeks of hypocrisy. "If some writer said the only way to solve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is just to bomb Israel," he said, "people would go up in arms about it." He called it "ludicrous" that a prominent American professor "can just calmly say the solution is to flatten this entire city of 1 million people." "I'm just speechless. It sounds ISIS-like, just eradicating an entire community of people," Chehayeb added. Salon called Etzioni's office at George Washington University's Institute for Communitarian Policy Studies several times with a request for comment, but no one answered. Salon also reached out to the university. Jason Shevrin, a spokesperson, told Salon "the George Washington University is committed to academic freedom and encourages efforts to foster an environment welcoming to many different viewpoints. Dr. Etzioni is a faculty member who is expressing his personal views." The spokesperson did not comment any further. Etzioni is by no means an unknown scholar. He notes on his George Washington University faculty page that, in 2001, he was among the 100 most-cited American intellectuals. He has also served as the president of the American Sociological Association.   Israel has already flattened Beirut before Writer Belén Fernández, an author and contributing editor at Jacobin magazine, published a piece in TeleSur responding to Etzioini's op-ed, titled "No, Israel Should Not Flatten Beirut." Fernández points out "that Israel has already flattened large sections of Lebanon, in Beirut and beyond." She recalls visiting a young man in a south Lebanon village near the Israeli border who "described the pain in 2006 of encountering detached heads and other body parts belonging to former neighbors, blasted apart by bombs or crushed in collapsed homes." Israel killed approximately 1,200 people and wounded 4,400 more in its 2006 war in Lebanon, "the overwhelming majority of them civilians" according to leading human rights group Amnesty International's 2007 report. One-third of the Lebanese civilians killed by Israel were children. On the other side, 43 civilians were killed in Israel in Hezbollah attacks. One million people were displaced in Lebanon in the war — one-quarter of its population at the time. Tens of thousands of homes were destroyed, and Amnesty reported that "much of Lebanon's civilian infrastructure was damaged or destroyed," including Beirut's airport, seaports, major roads, bridges, factories and more. Roughly 50 schools were destroyed and up to 300 were damaged. Amnesty furthermore noted that up to one million cluster bomblets dropped by Israel remained in south Lebanon after the war, "posing a continuing risk to civilians." In just one year after the war, hundreds of people in Lebanon were killed and wounded by Israeli bomblets and laid mines. Israeli authorities did not provide maps of the areas they targeted with cluster bombs, making it much more difficult for Lebanese authorities to clear up the remnants. Critics argue that Hezbollah rarely initiates attacks, but rather instead responds to Israeli military attacks and assassinations of its leaders. Israel claimed its invasion of Lebanon was retaliatory, initiated when Hezbollah kidnapped two Israeli soldiers in July 2006, but former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert admitted that Israel had in fact planned the war several months in advance, and used the kidnappings as an excuse. Olmert told the Winograd Commission investigating the government's actions that he had proposed the war in January and had the military draft plans in March. Similarly, despite the Israeli government's many claims that it tried to reduce civilian casualties in its 2008-2009, 2012 and 2014 wars on Gaza, numerous investigations by the U.N., human rights organizations — including Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International — and journalists found that Israel deliberately targeted civilians and used banned weapons like white phosphorous. Reporting on Israel's summer 2014 war in Gaza, Amnesty International said "There is consequently strong evidence that many such attacks in Rafah between 1 and 4 August were serious violations of international humanitarian law and constituted grave breaches of the Fourth Geneva Convention or other war crimes." The Israeli military has previously massacred civilians in Lebanon. With the support of the U.S., Israel invaded Lebanon in 1982. It subsequently waged a war in alliance with far-right, Phalangist Christian militias. In September 1982, Israeli-backed Phalangist militias massacred thousands of civilians in Beirut's Sabra and Shatila refugee camps. Reflecting on the anniversary of the Sabra and Shatila Massacre in an interview on Democracy Now, renowned scholar Noam Chomsky called it "a horrifying massacre, actually one that should resonate with people who are familiar with Jewish history." Chomsky notes that "it was almost a replica of the Kishinev massacre in pre-First World War Russia," a pogrom the Czar carried out against the Jewish population. "This was a kind of a replica, except far more brutal and vicious," he added, noting Israeli Prime Minister Ariel "Sharon escaped more than a mild censure." Chomsky referred to the Phalangists as a "Lebanese Christian terrorist force, allied with Israel." Columbia University professor Rashid Khalidi furthermore pointed out that documents in the Israel State Archives "pin direct responsibility for much more of what happened in Sabra and Shatila on not only Ariel Sharon and the Israeli government, but reveal American responsibility for what happened." "The Israeli government knew perfectly well what was going on," Khalidi explained, and "the Israelis stonewalled to prevent the massacre being stopped." Ellen Siegel, a Jewish-American nurse who worked at a hospital at the Sabra camp at the time of the massacre, told Democracy Now the Israeli-allied Phalangists massacred Lebanese residents and Palestinian refugees who weren't Christian. The Phalagists lined Siegel and her co-workers up on a wall, preparing to execute them en masse with a firing squad, until an Israeli soldier suddenly intervened. "I suppose the idea of gunning down foreign health workers was something that was not very appealing to the Israelis," Siegel remarked. "But the fact that they could see this and stop it shows that there was some communication." After the 1982 war, Israel illegally occupied southern Lebanon until 2000. Israel continues to illegally occupy the Palestinian West Bank and Syrian Golan Heights, which it annexed in 1967. Today, it also continues to occupy Shebaa Farms, an area at the Lebanon-Syria border and the Golan Heights, and impose a siege on Gaza, which U.N. experts say is illegal, maintaining effective control over the strip. Chehayeb says he has seen other friends and acquaintances in Beirut "expressing outrage" at the op-ed. "It's obnoxious how we are all being painted as problematic people that should just be exterminated in the middle of Beirut," Chehayeb said. He noted that, although the U.S. and Israeli media frequently depict Beirut as a "Hezbollah bastion," there are a lot of conflicting feelings about Hezbollah and political differences in Lebanon — just as there are in any country. "A lot of people who are annoyed by Israel's bombing of Lebanon in 2006 never said we should just flatten Tel Aviv," Chehayeb added. The journalist admitted "It's scary to hear this kind of rhetoric... and the fact that it's coming out of Haaretz, which is Israel's most liberal newspaper."A prominent American scholar who teaches international relations at George Washington University has publicly proposed that Israel "flatten Beirut" — a city with around 1 million people — in order to destroy the missiles of Lebanon-based militant group Hezbollah. Professor Amitai Etzioni — who has taught at a variety of prestigious U.S. universities, including Columbia, Harvard and Berkeley, and who served as a senior advisor in President Jimmy Carter's administration — made this proposal in an op-ed in Haaretz, the leading English-language Israeli newspaper, known as "The New York Times of Israel." Haaretz represents the liberal wing of Israel's increasingly far-right politics. Etzioni's op-ed was first published on Feb. 15 with the headline "Can Israel Obliterate Hezbollah's Growing Missile Threat Without Massive Civilian Casualties?" (the answer he suggests in response to this question is "likely no"). "Should Israel Flatten Beirut to Destroy Hezbollah's Missiles?" was the next, much more blunt title, chosen sometime on or before Feb. 16. [caption id="attachment_14405917" align="aligncenter" width="620"](A screenshot of the Haaretz headline, which was later changed) (A screenshot of the Haaretz headline, which was later changed)[/caption] As of Feb. 18, the headline is "Should Israel Consider Using Devastating Weapons Against Hezbollah Missiles?" Etzioni served in the Haganah — the army that formed Israel after violently expelling three-quarters of the indigenous Palestinian population — from 1946 to 1948, and then served in the Israeli military from 1948 to 1950. He mentions his military service in both the article and his bio. In the piece, Etzioni cites an anonymous Israeli official who estimates that Hezbollah has 100,000 missiles in Lebanon. In January, the U.S. government put that figure at 80,000 rockets. The anonymous official also says the Israeli government considers these weapons to be its second greatest security threat — after Iran. Etzioni furthermore cites Israel's chief of staff, who claims that most of Hezbollah's missiles are in private homes. Whether this allegation is true is questionable. Israel frequently accuses militant groups of hiding weapons in civilian areas in order to justify its attacks. On numerous occasions, it has been proven that there were no weapons in the civilian areas Israel bombed in Gaza. Assuming it is true, the American scholar argues, if Israeli soldiers were to try to take the missiles out of these homes one at a time, it "would very likely result in many Israeli casualties." In order to avoid Israeli casualties, Etzioni writes: "I asked two American military officers what other options Israel has. They both pointed to Fuel-Air Explosives (FAE). These are bombs that disperse an aerosol cloud of fuel which is ignited by a detonator, producing massive explosions. The resulting rapidly expanding wave flattens all buildings within a considerable range." "Such weapons obviously would be used only after the population was given a chance to evacuate the area. Still, as we saw in Gaza, there are going to be civilian casualties," Etzioni adds. "The time to raise this issue is long before Israel may be forced to use FAEs." Etzioni concludes his piece implying Israel has no other option but to flatten the city of Beirut. "In this way, one hopes, that there be a greater understanding, if not outright acceptance, of the use of these powerful weapons, given that nothing else will do," he writes. Lebanese journalists and activists have expressed outrage at the article. Kareem Chehayeb, a Lebanese journalist and founder and editor of the website Beirut Syndrome, said in response to the piece "Should Israel kill me, my family, and over a million other people to destroy Hezbollah's missiles? How about that for a headline?" Chehayeb told Salon Etzioni's argument is "absolutely absurd" and reeks of hypocrisy. "If some writer said the only way to solve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is just to bomb Israel," he said, "people would go up in arms about it." He called it "ludicrous" that a prominent American professor "can just calmly say the solution is to flatten this entire city of 1 million people." "I'm just speechless. It sounds ISIS-like, just eradicating an entire community of people," Chehayeb added. Salon called Etzioni's office at George Washington University's Institute for Communitarian Policy Studies several times with a request for comment, but no one answered. Salon also reached out to the university. Jason Shevrin, a spokesperson, told Salon "the George Washington University is committed to academic freedom and encourages efforts to foster an environment welcoming to many different viewpoints. Dr. Etzioni is a faculty member who is expressing his personal views." The spokesperson did not comment any further. Etzioni is by no means an unknown scholar. He notes on his George Washington University faculty page that, in 2001, he was among the 100 most-cited American intellectuals. He has also served as the president of the American Sociological Association.   Israel has already flattened Beirut before Writer Belén Fernández, an author and contributing editor at Jacobin magazine, published a piece in TeleSur responding to Etzioini's op-ed, titled "No, Israel Should Not Flatten Beirut." Fernández points out "that Israel has already flattened large sections of Lebanon, in Beirut and beyond." She recalls visiting a young man in a south Lebanon village near the Israeli border who "described the pain in 2006 of encountering detached heads and other body parts belonging to former neighbors, blasted apart by bombs or crushed in collapsed homes." Israel killed approximately 1,200 people and wounded 4,400 more in its 2006 war in Lebanon, "the overwhelming majority of them civilians" according to leading human rights group Amnesty International's 2007 report. One-third of the Lebanese civilians killed by Israel were children. On the other side, 43 civilians were killed in Israel in Hezbollah attacks. One million people were displaced in Lebanon in the war — one-quarter of its population at the time. Tens of thousands of homes were destroyed, and Amnesty reported that "much of Lebanon's civilian infrastructure was damaged or destroyed," including Beirut's airport, seaports, major roads, bridges, factories and more. Roughly 50 schools were destroyed and up to 300 were damaged. Amnesty furthermore noted that up to one million cluster bomblets dropped by Israel remained in south Lebanon after the war, "posing a continuing risk to civilians." In just one year after the war, hundreds of people in Lebanon were killed and wounded by Israeli bomblets and laid mines. Israeli authorities did not provide maps of the areas they targeted with cluster bombs, making it much more difficult for Lebanese authorities to clear up the remnants. Critics argue that Hezbollah rarely initiates attacks, but rather instead responds to Israeli military attacks and assassinations of its leaders. Israel claimed its invasion of Lebanon was retaliatory, initiated when Hezbollah kidnapped two Israeli soldiers in July 2006, but former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert admitted that Israel had in fact planned the war several months in advance, and used the kidnappings as an excuse. Olmert told the Winograd Commission investigating the government's actions that he had proposed the war in January and had the military draft plans in March. Similarly, despite the Israeli government's many claims that it tried to reduce civilian casualties in its 2008-2009, 2012 and 2014 wars on Gaza, numerous investigations by the U.N., human rights organizations — including Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International — and journalists found that Israel deliberately targeted civilians and used banned weapons like white phosphorous. Reporting on Israel's summer 2014 war in Gaza, Amnesty International said "There is consequently strong evidence that many such attacks in Rafah between 1 and 4 August were serious violations of international humanitarian law and constituted grave breaches of the Fourth Geneva Convention or other war crimes." The Israeli military has previously massacred civilians in Lebanon. With the support of the U.S., Israel invaded Lebanon in 1982. It subsequently waged a war in alliance with far-right, Phalangist Christian militias. In September 1982, Israeli-backed Phalangist militias massacred thousands of civilians in Beirut's Sabra and Shatila refugee camps. Reflecting on the anniversary of the Sabra and Shatila Massacre in an interview on Democracy Now, renowned scholar Noam Chomsky called it "a horrifying massacre, actually one that should resonate with people who are familiar with Jewish history." Chomsky notes that "it was almost a replica of the Kishinev massacre in pre-First World War Russia," a pogrom the Czar carried out against the Jewish population. "This was a kind of a replica, except far more brutal and vicious," he added, noting Israeli Prime Minister Ariel "Sharon escaped more than a mild censure." Chomsky referred to the Phalangists as a "Lebanese Christian terrorist force, allied with Israel." Columbia University professor Rashid Khalidi furthermore pointed out that documents in the Israel State Archives "pin direct responsibility for much more of what happened in Sabra and Shatila on not only Ariel Sharon and the Israeli government, but reveal American responsibility for what happened." "The Israeli government knew perfectly well what was going on," Khalidi explained, and "the Israelis stonewalled to prevent the massacre being stopped." Ellen Siegel, a Jewish-American nurse who worked at a hospital at the Sabra camp at the time of the massacre, told Democracy Now the Israeli-allied Phalangists massacred Lebanese residents and Palestinian refugees who weren't Christian. The Phalagists lined Siegel and her co-workers up on a wall, preparing to execute them en masse with a firing squad, until an Israeli soldier suddenly intervened. "I suppose the idea of gunning down foreign health workers was something that was not very appealing to the Israelis," Siegel remarked. "But the fact that they could see this and stop it shows that there was some communication." After the 1982 war, Israel illegally occupied southern Lebanon until 2000. Israel continues to illegally occupy the Palestinian West Bank and Syrian Golan Heights, which it annexed in 1967. Today, it also continues to occupy Shebaa Farms, an area at the Lebanon-Syria border and the Golan Heights, and impose a siege on Gaza, which U.N. experts say is illegal, maintaining effective control over the strip. Chehayeb says he has seen other friends and acquaintances in Beirut "expressing outrage" at the op-ed. "It's obnoxious how we are all being painted as problematic people that should just be exterminated in the middle of Beirut," Chehayeb said. He noted that, although the U.S. and Israeli media frequently depict Beirut as a "Hezbollah bastion," there are a lot of conflicting feelings about Hezbollah and political differences in Lebanon — just as there are in any country. "A lot of people who are annoyed by Israel's bombing of Lebanon in 2006 never said we should just flatten Tel Aviv," Chehayeb added. The journalist admitted "It's scary to hear this kind of rhetoric... and the fact that it's coming out of Haaretz, which is Israel's most liberal newspaper."

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Published on February 18, 2016 14:00