James Chadwick’s Followers (4)

James Chadwick

Born

in Bollington, Cheshire, England, The United Kingdom

October 20, 1891

Died

July 24, 1974

Website

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Chadwick

Genre

Science, Physics, Nuclear Physics

Influences

Ernest Rutherford, Henry Cavendish ...more

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Sir James Chadwick CH FRS (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974) was an English physicist who was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in physics for his discovery of the neutron in 1932. He wrote the final draft of the MAUD Report, which inspired the U.S. government to begin serious atomic bomb research efforts. He was the head of the British scientists who worked on the Manhattan Project during World War II. He was knighted in England in November 1945 for achievements in physics.

A graduate of the University of Manchester, where he studied under Ernest Rutherford, also known as the father of nuclear physics. Chadwick was awarded an 1851 Research Fellowship from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, and elected to study beta radiation under Ha Sir James Chadwick CH FRS (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974) was an English physicist who was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in physics for his discovery of the neutron in 1932. He wrote the final draft of the MAUD Report, which inspired the U.S. government to begin serious atomic bomb research efforts. He was the head of the British scientists who worked on the Manhattan Project during World War II. He was knighted in England in November 1945 for achievements in physics.

A graduate of the University of Manchester, where he studied under Ernest Rutherford, also known as the father of nuclear physics. Chadwick was awarded an 1851 Research Fellowship from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, and elected to study beta radiation under Hans Geiger. Using Geiger's recently developed Geiger counter, he was able to demonstrate that beta radiation produced a continuous electromagnetic spectrum, and not discrete lines as had been thought. Still in Germany when World War I broke out in Europe, he spent the war in the Ruhleben internment camp.

After the war, Chadwick followed Rutherford to the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge, where Chadwick earned his Doctor of Philosophy degree at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. He was Rutherford's Assistant Director of Research at the Cavendish Laboratory for over a decade at a time when it was one of the world's foremost centres for the study of physics, attracting students like John Cockcroft, Norman Feather, and Mark Oliphant. In 1932, Chadwick pursued a line of research that led to his discovery of the neutron. He went on to measure its mass. He looked forward to research about his neutron becoming a major weapon in the fight against cancer.

Chadwick left the Cavendish Laboratory in 1935 to become a professor of physics at the University of Liverpool, where he overhauled an antiquated laboratory and, by installing a cyclotron, made it an important centre for the study of nuclear physics. During the Second World War, he carried out research as part of the Tube Alloys project to build an atomic bomb. He is said to have been the physicist most responsible for "Churchill's Bomb". In the summer of 1941, he wrote the final draft of the MAUD Report, which inspired the U.S. government to begin serious atomic bomb research efforts. When the Quebec Agreement merged his project with the American Manhattan Project, he became head of the British Mission, and worked at the Los Alamos Laboratory. For his efforts, Chadwick received a knighthood in the New Years Honours on 1 January 1945. In July 1945, he viewed the Trinity nuclear test. After this, he served as the British scientific advisor to the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission. Uncomfortable with the trend toward Big Science, Chadwick became the Master of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, in 1948. He retired in 1959. ...more

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James Chadwick’s books

Average rating: 4.0 · 1 rating · 1 review · 24 distinct works

	Radioactivity and Radioactive Substances; an Introduction to the Study of Radioactive Substances and Their Radiations 0.00 avg rating — 0 ratings — published 2015 — 21 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Radioactivity And Radioactive Substances - An Introduction To The Study Of Radioactive Substances And Their Radiations 0.00 avg rating — 0 ratings — 2 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Radioactivity and radioactive substances 0.00 avg rating — 0 ratings — 5 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Angels We Have Heard on High (in Christmas Carol Collection 2016 ) 0.00 avg rating — 0 ratings — 2 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Radioactivity and Radioactive Substances: An Introduction to the Study of Radioactive Substances and Their Radiations 0.00 avg rating — 0 ratings	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	The Encyclopedia of Popular Science for Young People Vol. 8 by James Chadwick (Editor), John Crockcroft (Editor), L. Dudley Stamp (Editor) 0.00 avg rating — 0 ratings	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Radioactivity and radioactive substances;: An introduction to the study of radio-active substances and their radiations. The nature of radioactivity ... the atom, (Pitman's technical primer series) 0.00 avg rating — 0 ratings	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Radioactivity and radioactive substances;: An introduction to the study of radioactive substances and their radiations. The nature of radioactivity ... the atom, (Pitman's technical primer series) 0.00 avg rating — 0 ratings	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Punker Than You Since `92 by James Chadwick (Composer), Chuck Geisler (performer), Chuck Reutter (performer) 0.00 avg rating — 0 ratings	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Radioactivity and radioactive substances;: An introduction to the study of radio-active substances and their radiations. The nature of radioactivity ... the atom, (Pitman's technical primer series) 0.00 avg rating — 0 ratings	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars

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Quotes by James Chadwick (?)

“If we ascribe the ejection of the proton to a Compton recoil from a quantum of 52 x 106 electron volts, then the nitrogen recoil atom arising by a similar process should have an energy not greater than about 400,000 volts, should produce not more than about 10,000 ions, and have a range in the air at N.T.P. of about 1-3mm. Actually, some of the recoil atoms in nitrogen produce at least 30,000 ions. In collaboration with Dr. Feather, I have observed the recoil atoms in an expansion chamber, and their range, estimated visually, was sometimes as much as 3mm. at N.T.P.

These results, and others I have obtained in the course of the work, are very difficult to explain on the assumption that the radiation from beryllium is a quantum radiation, if energy and momentum are to be conserved in the collisions. The difficulties disappear, however, if it be assumed that the radiation consists of particles of mass 1 and charge 0, or neutrons. The capture of the a-particle by the Be9 nucleus may be supposed to result in the formation of a C12 nucleus and the emission of the neutron. From the energy relations of this process the velocity of the neutron emitted in the forward direction may well be about 3 x 109 cm. per sec. The collisions of this neutron with the atoms through which it passes give rise to the recoil atoms, and the observed energies of the recoil atoms are in fair agreement with this view. Moreover, I have observed that the protons ejected from hydrogen by the radiation emitted in the opposite direction to that of the exciting a-particle appear to have a much smaller range than those ejected by the forward radiation.

This again receives a simple explanation on the neutron hypothesis.”
― James Chadwick

tags: nobel-laureate, physics, science

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James Chadwick’s Followers (4)

James Chadwick

Combine EditionsJames Chadwick’s books

Combine Editions
James Chadwick’s books