Jared Longshore's Blog, page 15

Boast Not

Yet, if thou sin in wine or wantonness,

Boast not thereof; nor make thy shame they glory.

Frailty gets pardon by submissiveness;

But he that boasts, shuts that our of his story.

He makes flat war with God, and doth defy

With his poor clod of earth the spacious sky.

– George Herbert, Perirrhanterium

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A Table for Every Nation

There are several parrallels between the Old Testament Passover and the New Testament Table of our Lord. In both, the lamb is slain. In both, the blood delivers. In both, the meal nourishes. But there are differences as well. At Passover, the people of God were surrounded by the unbelieving Egyptians. They were on the run and death was on the offensive. But in the supper of our Lord, these are reversed. This is a new covenant meal, in which the Spirit has been poured out on the new covenant church. The Spirit of life is on the offensive and as the once for all death is proclaimed, death itself has to head for the hills.

Rather than retreating from a rebellious nation, this table marks an assault on all of those rebellious nations. Every nation, tribe, and tongue hears the call to come and welcome to Jesus Christ. And every nation, tribe, and tongue will heed that call.

It is particularly important to remember this truth when things are falling apart and the things that can be shaken are indeed being shaken. Christ said that the He was the bread of God, which comes down from heaven and gives life to the world. This true bread, which feeds us, will feed the entire world. To come partake of this bread now is to partake of that particular promise. All nations will stream to this table. And there will be a seat found around it for each and every one of them. 

In keeping with this promise, this table, which was first established on the other side of the world, has made its way around the globe to us. So come knowing that the ends of the earth will taste and see that He is good. So come in faith and welcome to Jesus Christ.

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New Covenant Debate with James White: Opening Statement

For today’s post, I’m uploading the manuscript of my opening statement from my recent debate with James White. You can find the entire debate here. The prompt for the debate was: “The New Covenant consists of only regenerate persons, therefore the church should not knowingly give the Covenant sign to those who have not demonstrated evidence of their regeneration.”

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The prompt states that the new covenant consists of only regenerate persons and that is the crucial question. I grant that if this is true, then the rest of the prompt follows. So I will focus all of my attention on the central thing, disagreeing with the prompt in favor of the claim the new covenant does not only consist of regenerate persons but those who profess faith in Christ and their children.

The first thing to do in order to determine who new covenant members are is to define the new covenant itself. A Costco member is one thing and Costco itself is another. So it is with the new covenant and new covenant members. And the word new in new covenant implies that there was an older version of it. The Bible has an Old Testament and a New Testament but only one Lord, one faith, and one gracious redemption. And both the 1689 Baptist confession (7:2) as well as the Westminster Confession affirm God’s one covenant of grace.

In order to define the new covenant, we need a solid definition of this one “covenant of grace,” which I define as follows: The covenant of grace is the Heavenly Father’s solemn oath to man on earth of saving grace in and by Jesus Christ, conditioned upon faith, a bond in blood that constitutes an organization over and to whom God says, “I am y’all’s God and y’all are my people.”

The new covenant is the same in substance, it being simply a new and better form of this covenant of grace just defined. The new covenant is the Heavenly Father’s solemn and better oath to man on earth of saving grace, in and by Jesus Christ, conditioned upon faith, a better bond in better blood, that constitutes a better organization over and to whom God says, “I am y’all’s God and y’all are my people.”

That’s a stout definition. But it is warranted given that the word “covenant” appears 284 times in the Old Testament. And it appears 33 times in the New Testament. We’re dealing with a lot of material and the content of that definition really matters. Notice that the covenant originates with the Father in heaven and terminates with man on earth. In this covenant, God swears an oath of salvation to man and man receives that salvation conditionally upon faith. This covenant does something in the world, namely constitutes an organized people who are bonded to God and each other. And this called out community hears God speaking to them as one thus the Southern “y’all.”

Note three key aspects of this definition:

First, I’ve made the point that it is the Heavenly Father who covenants with man on earth. That is because a divine covenant with man is executed in history. What is in view is not the idea of a covenant. It is not a covenant simply up in the heavens. A covenant is cut on earth. Covenants must be established or they are not divine covenants with man. This matters because some of my 1689 Baptist brothers say that the covenant of grace was never inaugurated, formalized, or cut on earth in the Old Testament, this not happening until the new covenant itself in Christ. But this would leave Abraham, Moses, David and all of our other Old Testament brothers being saved outside of God’s covenant of grace, which according to them had not yet arrived on earth. 

Second, the covenant of grace and new covenant involves the creation of a constituted people. Theologians often use the language of administration, which means more than “getting thing A to individual B” like I administer lotion to my daughter’s knee. But a covenant administration is more like the Washington or Jefferson administration. The Washington or Jefferson “administration” refers to an entity, a people, an organization, a corporate reality. You can be a member of such an administration or not a member of such an administration. Covenant membership implies that a covenant is more than a promise, it is an administration, organization, or league. Membership in an administration involves rights and responsibilities. None of that comes through when we conceive of a covenant as a mere promise from God to an individual. (Defend biblically).

Third, the covenant of grace and new covenant maintains an eschatological dimension. God swears an oath about blessing and future blessing. What he will do in the future is there with Abraham, “I will be God to you” and David “you shall not lack a man to sit upon the throne.” 

With a definition of the new covenant before us, I will provide five arguments for the new covenant consisting of those who have professed faith in Christ and their children.

First, God has always included a man’s seed in His covenant with man. “Always” is very strong there, underscoring that the inclusion of man’s seed is of the very nature of God’s gracious covenant with man.

Adam, Genesis 3:15 “I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and her offspring; he shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel.”Noah, Genesis 9:8-9 “Then God said to Noah and to his sons with him, “Behold, I establish my covenant with you and your offspring after you.”Abraham, Genesis 17:7 “And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you.”Moses, Deuteronomy 29:10-13 “You are standing today, all of you, before the Lord your God: the heads of your tribes, your elders, and your officers, all the men of Israel, your little ones, your wives, and the sojourner who is in your camp, from the one who chops your wood to the one who draws your water, so that you may enter into the sworn covenant of the Lord your God, which the Lord your God is making with you today, that he may establish you today as his people, and that he may be your God, as he promised you, and as he swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.”David, 2 Samuel 7:12-1? “When your days are fulfilled and you lie down with your fathers, I will raise up your offspring after you, who shall come from your body, and I will establish his kingdom.”Christ, Acts 2:38-39 “And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.”Philippian Jailer, Acts 16:31: “Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and you will be saved, and your house.”

I am not making a claim about household baptisms at the moment from Acts 16. Rather, I am asking, “On what basis can Paul and Silas look at a man and say, ‘Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and you will be saved and your house.‘”? The answer is that Paul and Silas knew that God always includes a man’s seed in His gracious covenant with man.

Second, God’s covenant of grace in the old testament was mixed, including the unregenerate or non-elect, thus the burden is on those who would change God’s covenantal pattern in the new covenant.

Hebrews 3:16-19: “For who were those who heard and yet rebelled? Was it not all those who left Egypt led by Moses? 17 And with whom was he provoked for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose bodies fell in the wilderness? 18 And to whom did he swear that they would not enter his rest, but to those who were disobedient? 19 So we see that they were unable to enter because of unbelief.”

All those who left Egypt constituted the old covenant people of God. But some of them did not enter God’s rest because of unbelief.

1 Corinthians 10:1-5: For I do not want you to be unaware, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and all passed through the sea, 2 and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea, 3 and all ate the same spiritual food, 4 and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ. 5 Nevertheless, with most of them God was not pleased, for they were overthrown in the wilderness. 

Again, each and every member of the old covenant did not receive the promise of eternal life. But they were genuine members of God’s gracious covenant in the Old Testament. They even ate the same spiritual food that the Corinthians ate at the Lord’s Supper. They drank from Christ as His genuine covenant people. But they were not regenerate and fell in the wilderness.

Malachi 2:10-12: 10 Have we not all one Father? Has not one God created us? Why then are we faithless to one another, profaning the covenant of our fathers? 11 Judah has been faithless, and abomination has been committed in Israel and in Jerusalem. For Judah has profaned the sanctuary of the Lord, which he loves, and has married the daughter of a foreign god. 12 May the Lord cut off from the tents of Jacob any descendant of the man who does this, who brings an offering to the Lord of hosts! 

Third, men can and do depart from the new covenant, which could not be the case if they were regenerate.

Hebrews 6:4-6 4 For it is impossible, in the case of those who have once been enlightened, who have tasted the heavenly gift, and have shared in the Holy Spirit, 5 and have tasted the goodness of the word of God and the powers of the age to come, 6 and then have fallen away, to restore them again to repentance, since they are crucifying once again the Son of God to their own harm and holding him up to contempt.

Here are those who are genuinely covenant members, but evidently not regenerate since they fall away.

Hebrews 10:26-30 26 For if we go on sinning deliberately after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, 27 but a fearful expectation of judgment, and a fury of fire that will consume the adversaries. 28 Anyone who has set aside the law of Moses dies without mercy on the evidence of two or three witnesses. 29 How much worse punishment, do you think, will be deserved by the one who has trampled underfoot the Son of God, and has profaned the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has outraged the Spirit of grace? 30 For we know him who said, “Vengeance is mine; I will repay.” And again, “The Lord will judge his people.” 

Note that the Lord will judge His people, not outsider who are not His people. Moreoever, the man in question has profaned the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified. Here is a new covenant member who goes on sinning after receiving the knowledge of the truth, resulting in judgment without mercy.

2 Peter 2:1: But false prophets also arose among the people, just as there will be false teachers among you, who will secretly bring in destructive heresies, even denying the Master who bought them, bringing upon themselves swift destruction. 

These false teachers among the new covenant people bring in damnable heresies and deny the Lord that bought them. The Lord bought them in some sense, albet not an eternally salvific sense. These, like the one in Hebrews 10, profaned the blood of the covenant by which they were sanctified. Clearly members of the new covenant and clearly not regenerate.

John 15:1-6: “I am the true vine, and my Father is the vinedresser. 2 Every branch in me that does not bear fruit he takes away, and every branch that does bear fruit he prunes, that it may bear more fruit. 3 Already you are clean because of the word that I have spoken to you. 4 Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit by itself, unless it abides in the vine, neither can you, unless you abide in me. 5 I am the vine; you are the branches. Whoever abides in me and I in him, he it is that bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing. 6 If anyone does not abide in me he is thrown away like a branch and withers; and the branches are gathered, thrown into the fire, and burned.

Romans 11:17-22 “But if some of the branches were broken off, and you, although a wild olive shoot, were grafted in among the others and now share in the nourishing root of the olive tree, 18 do not be arrogant toward the branches. If you are, remember it is not you who support the root, but the root that supports you. 19 Then you will say, “Branches were broken off so that I might be grafted in.” 20 That is true. They were broken off because of their unbelief, but you stand fast through faith. So do not become proud, but fear. 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, neither will he spare you. 22 Note then the kindness and the severity of God: severity toward those who have fallen, but God’s kindness to you, provided you continue in his kindness. Otherwise you too will be cut off.”

Fourth, Jeremiah 31’s language that in the new covenant they shall all know me from the least of them to the greatest is no objection to my claim. It does not teach that each and every member of the new covenant must be regenerate but that salvation will be pervasive in the new covenant, unlike the old. The key is to let Jeremiah himself define what he means when he says “from the least of them to the greatest.” He uses the term several times and by it he means a community about which something is pervasively though not exhaustively, true. 

Jeremiah 6:13 “For from the least to the greatest of them, everyone is greedy for unjust gain; and from prophet to priest, everyone deals falsely.

Surely, we could find one Old Testament saint in Jeremiah’s day who was not greedy for unjust gain, or who did not deal falsely. Thus, Jeremiah does not mean “each and every” when he says “from the least to the greatest.” Rather, by the phrase, he means a community about which something is pervasively though not exhaustively, true.

Jeremiah 44:12-14 “I will take the remnant of Judah who have set their faces to come to the land of Egypt to live, and they shall all be consumed. In the land of Egypt they shall fall; by the sword and by famine they shall be consumed. From the least to the greatest, they shall die by the sword and by famine, and they shall become an oath, a horror, a curse, and a taunt. 13 I will punish those who dwell in the land of Egypt, as I have punished Jerusalem, with the sword, with famine, and with pestilence, 14 so that none of the remnant of Judah who have come to live in the land of Egypt shall escape or survive or return to the land of Judah, to which they desire to return to dwell there. For they shall not return, except some fugitives.”

You might think that Jeremiah means each and every individual will die in Egypt when he says “From the least to the greatest, they shall die.” But, he goes on to say that some fugitives will return. So “from the least to the greatest” cannot mean each and every without exception. Rather Jeremiah’s own usage indicates that he means death with be pervasive among the community that goes down to Egypt as regeneration will be pervasive among the new covenant community.

Fifth, the central apologetic argument in Hebrews is in no contradiction with the new covenant consisting of some unregenerate persons because the central apologetic argument of Hebrews is not “don’t go back to the old covenant because the new covenant consists of only regenerate persons” but rather “don’t go back to the old covenant because there is nothing there to go back to.” The old is vanishing and the new will never vanish or fade. The new covenant is better than the old because it is enacted on better promises, and it involves a better sacrifice, and a better mediatorial ministry. But the betterness of each of those is not in the fact that the covenant of grace in the old included some unregenerate persons and the new only regenerate persons. Rather it is that the old covenant was vanishing. It’s priests were vanishing. Its sacrifices were vanishing. Because the old model was not enacted on the promise that those things would remain. But new covenant is enacted on the better promise that it will never fade. Its priest will never die. And its sacrifice is a once for all time sacrifice.

A final word of thanks to all here. Faithfulness permeates the Baptist and Paedobaptist world. These things are obviously tricky and we’re all brothers in Christ. So much love to all.

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Not a Homeless Adam

God did not create a homeless Adam on the first day of creation and then build him a house in which to dwell. He built a habitation for Adam first and then created Adam within it. He does something similar for every human, fashioning us in the premade home of our mother’s womb. This is a grace. But for the Christian’s children, there is a double grace. Such little ones are not only born in an architected world. They are born into the kingdom of God, into the house of God. They are knit together in God’s covenant love and bond, with the promise of eternal and abundant life guaranteed to them by the blood of Christ. Baptism is a sign and seal of this covenant which is all of grace and kept by faith. 

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They Could Not Enter

One of the blessings that comes with being a part of the covenant people of God is receiving God’s covenant word. Paul said this of Israel of Old, to whom belonged adoption, the glory, the covenants, the law, the service of God, and the promises (Romans 9:4). But, we hear in Hebrews that God was angry with many of them and their bodies fell in the wilderness. They failed to enter God’s rest and for a specific reason, because of unbelief (Hebrews 3:19). Good news was preached to them, as it is preached to us. But the preached word did not profit them because it was not mixed with faith in them that heard the word.

Consider yourselves in light of what has been. You are the covenant people of God, as Israel of Old. To you belongs adoption, the glory, the coveant, the law, the service of God, and the promises. To you belongs word, water, bread, and wine. But what will these things profit you if they are not mixed with faith in you the recipients of these glories? Nothing. 

It is a sobering and fearful thing to have the Lord of Hosts speak to you. When He does, you are obligated to believe Him. If He says something earthly in you has to go, then it has to go. If He requires a sacrifice from you, then you have no options but to put it on the altar. 

You have come to wonders. The pillar of cloud by day and fire by night and an innumberable company of angels. You have come into the temple, to the holy of holies, so refuse not Him who speaks.

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No Room for Sin

That when sin spies so many foes,

Thy whips, thy nails, thy wounds, thy woes, 

All come to lodge there, sin may say, 

No room for me, and fly away.

George Herbert, Good Friday

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One Bread

While the church of God has not yet attained perfect unity, we should be laboring toward that unity. We must do this slowly and steadily, knowing that perfect unity will only come with the second coming of our Lord. This steady pursuit of unity requires that we flee idolatry. There are many idols but only one Lord. There are many idols and that is why idolatry fractures people into factions and divisions. And there is only one Lord, so those who partake of Him find that they are one with all of those who likewise partake of Him. Paul says this very thing in 1 Corinthians 10:17, “we being many are one bread, and one body: for we are all partakers of that one bread.”

So not only is there one bread from heaven, the Lord Jesus Christ. But there is also one bread, the church of the Lord Jesus Christ. Paul said it, “we being many are one bread.” It is lamentable that at suppor of our Lord where we partake of the one bread, many Christian traditions still refuse to let members of the body partake of Christ’s body. God’s grace is upon our church, which says to all of those who are bread, who are baptized Christians, “Come and welcome to Jesus Christ.” And we should rejoice in that grace. 

But this sentiment must be more than a slogan. There is one Lord, one faith, one baptism, one God and Father of all. So as you come to this table, come loving all those who have God as Father, all those to whom He has said, “I am your God and you are my people. The only way to truly love that one bread is to come to the true bread who has come down from heaven. So come in faith and welcome to Jesus Christ.

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When God Swore and Oath

When God swore an oath of salvation to Abraham, he included Abraham’s children. In Genesis 17:7, He said to Abraham, “I will establish my covenant between me and thee and thy seed after thee in their generations for an everlasting covenat, to be a God unto thee and to thy seed after thee.” Abraham had to believe all that God said to Him, which included that God would be God to his children. This same promise comes to us, the children of Abraham. He will deliver us and our children to a thousand generations. Baptism is a sign of this covenant promise.

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Hum a Little Ditty in a Firestorm

Chesterton once said, “The poet only asks to get his head into the heavens. It’s the logician who seeks to get the heavens into his head. And it’s his head that splits.” Now however offensive that is to the logicians present, he has a point. The man with loose shoulders, the one who can hum a little ditty in a firestorm, is the man who simply accepts the Word from heaven. He may not understand precisely how the heavenly word will be accomplished, but he doesn’t need to know. He considers the source. If heaven says that such and such will come to pass, then so it will be. 

But another man insists on fully comprehending his situation. He wants to know precisely what is going on with his health, or his future plans. He wants to know exactly how he is going to get out of the slough of despond, his financial snarl, or whatever soup he’s been plunged into. This man is only at peace—he’s only light and buoyant—when he has the matter in hand, which, of course, is the very point at which he should have no peace at all. 

As long as you insist on this latter comprehensive knowledge, you will not be a jolly warrior. The jovial soldier simply looks to the skies and says, “O LORD, bow thy heavens and come down: touch thy mountains and they shall smoke.” Then, he looks at his band of brothers and with a grin, says, “Incoming.”

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Viva la American Freedom

The American revolution of 1776 was entirely different in principle, character, and tendency from all the revolutions of the European continent since 1789; and it is of the greatest importance to keep this difference in view, if we would duly understand and appreciate [the United States] and its prevailing idea of freedom.

Philip Schaff in God and the Atlantic, by Thomas Howard

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