Mark Anthony Neal's Blog, page 455

Michael Eric Dyson Talks Race, Kanye, Trump and Politics

theGrio 's Deputy Editor Natasha S. Alford talks with Michael Eric Dyson about President Donald Trump revoking an earlier invitation to the White House after their Super Bowl victory, Kanye West and Race in America. Dyson, a Georgetown University Professor, who described Mr. Trump as a "cryto-fasxist racist,"  is the author of the new book What Truth Sounds Like: Robert F. Kennedy, James Baldwin, and Our Unfinished Conversation About Race in America .

What Advice Would You Give Future Dads?

'Dove Men+Care celebrates the impact dads have on the world around them, because when dads care, everyone benefits. That’s why this Father’s Day we’re championing paternity leave for dads everywhere.' -- dovemencareus

U.S. environmental groups are largely white. Here’s what some are — and some aren’t — doing about it.

U.S. environmental groups are largely white. Here’s what some are — and some aren’t — doing about it.  by Virginia Gewin | @VirginiaGewin | Ensia
Talk of increasing diversity has not turned into widespread action, but some organizations are working to change that.
May 15, 2018 — Eddie Love was the lone African American in a cohort of 90 wildlife management students at Auburn University and one of the three people of color at his U.S. Forest Service internship in the western Great Plains region of the U.S. Still, he was surprised by the lack of diversity in the marine non-governmental organization community when he accepted a Roger Arliner Young (RAY) Marine Conservation Diversity Fellowship, part of a program designed to attract people of color to work on ocean issues.
Concerned that colleagues might not appreciate his background, culture or upbringing, he was pleasantly surprised that co-workers at two of the conservation non-profits behind the fellowship, Ocean Conservancy and Rare, welcomed him with open arms. They were more eager to address race and other inequities than he had anticipated. Following the fellowship, Love accepted a job to work on initiatives aiming at protecting marine mammals as well as efforts to increase diversity, equity and inclusion­ at the Ocean Foundation. He says he surprised himself by ending up in the marine field. “It never would have crossed my mind,” he says.
And that’s the problem: There are still relatively few connections between communities of color and the environmental sector. The ongoing lack of ethnic diversity on environmental organization boards and staff suggests that, overall, talk of increasing diversity has not turned into widespread action. There are signs, however, that some organizations are taking fundamental steps to seek out people with valuable, yet underrepresented perspectives and skills — and ensure a welcoming environment once they arrive.
Serious Disconnect
The lack of diversity in U.S. environmental non-profit organizations has been well chronicled in recent years. A 2014 study of 191 U.S. conservation and preservation organizations, 74 government environmental agencies and 28 environmental grant-making foundations found that ethnic minorities do not exceed 16 percent of board members and or staff of environmental organizations. In January 2018, study author Dorceta Taylor, director of diversity, equity and inclusion at University of Michigan’s School for Environment and Sustainability, released another report of 2,057 U.S. environmental nonprofit organizations, analyzing voluntary diversity data between 2014 and 2016. She found that 3.9 percent of organizations reveal their data on racial diversity; on average, 80 percent of their board members and 85 percent of their staff were white.
A number of organizations are diversifying their ranks in the wake of the reports. Asian American Rhea Suh became president of the Natural Resources Defense Council in 2014. Also in 2014, the Environmental Defense Fund created a 64-page diversity strategy. In 2015, Audubon created a statement outlining the organization’s diversity goals, and last year hired pioneering environmental justice lawyer Deeohn Ferris as vice president for equity, diversity and inclusion.
Other environmental funding organizations and non-profits, however, are less forthcoming. The Pew Charitable Trusts and Conservation International, for example, do not share their diversity data and did not respond to repeated interview requests for this story. [Editor’s note: After publication, Conservation International contacted Ensia to explain that interview requests were misrouted. A representative told Ensia that 35 percent of Conservation International’s U.S. staff members — including CEO M. Sanjayan — are minorities, and the organization is a partner in EcologyPlus, an effort to connect diverse college students and early-career scientists with ecology careers.]
“It’s a good news, bad news situation,” says Taylor. “There is greater recognition that there’s a problem, but we are nowhere near where we should be in terms of hiring people of color.” “There is a serious disconnect between the changing demographics in our country and the lack of diverse leadership and staffing at organizations that protect our health and the environment.” – Mustafa AliMustafa Ali, senior vice president of climate, environmental justice and community revitalization with the Hip Hop Caucus, a national non-profit that encourages civic engagement, agrees.
“Numbers don’t lie,” he says. “There is a serious disconnect between the changing demographics in our country and the lack of diverse leadership and staffing at organizations that protect our health and the environment.”
Systemic Change
Diversifying environmental non-profits takes time, patience and, most importantly, thoughtful, sustained action. In 2017, The Wilderness Society reported that people of color held 4 percent of its senior staff positions, 14 percent of all staff positions, and 10 percent of its board positions. Society president Jamie Williams realized the organization needed to make systemic changes to the board, staffing and partnership efforts to better achieve its mission of protecting public lands.
The first step, he says, was to be more representative of the communities they aim to serve — and that required outreach. Throughout the organization — from adjusting its mission to include the needs of underserved communities to addressing unconscious bias in hiring practices — the society is working to embed equity and inclusivity into everything it does, he says. “We learned we need to be intentional about change, not just well-intended,” says Williams.
The society is working to increase the racial and ethnic diversity of the staff, in part by establishing paid internships. Broadening the organization’s focus beyond protecting the biggest, wildest places, the Wilderness Society launched an Urban to Wild initiative to protect outdoor recreational areas close to and within cities and increase public transportation from cities to these areas — making it easier for city dwellers, including people of color, to access the outdoors. In addition, the society is working to increase the racial and ethnic diversity of the staff, in part by establishing paid internships. One-third of the 15 people hired in the past year have been people of color.
“We know we still have a lot of work to do,” says Williams, “but [these efforts] will make us a much stronger, dynamic organization over the long run.”
Queta González helps organizations develop strategies to increase equity, diversity and inclusion in her role as director of Center for Diversity & the Environment in Portland, Oregon. She says organizations that successfully attract and retain diverse staff and develop cross-cultural relationships are clear about their goals, transparent, accept feedback, and are authentic.
“If you don’t do it authentically,” says González, “just don’t do it.”
Inauthentic gestures — for example, promoting diverse faces on an organization’s website without concomitant shifts in outreach or recruitment — are a common misstep. Another is focusing too much on increasing the number of people of color hired, instead of investigating why the numbers are so low and addressing the root causes, says Charles “Chas” Lopez, vice president for diversity and inclusion at Earthjustice, a San Francisco–based environmental law nonprofit.
Mary Scoonover, executive vice president of the California-based conservation non-profit Resources Legacy Fund, says her organization has, since inception, focused on broadening, ethnically and economically, the groups and leaders who advocate for conservation. But they decided 10 years ago they needed to do more to diversify their board and staff.
The organization found it challenging to recruit ethnically diverse, younger staff to suburban Sacramento, where the organization was originally based. So it made a big move — opening an office in Los Angeles and expanding their presence in San Francisco, in part, to help attract high-caliber candidates from diverse backgrounds.
The organization has also spent time reaching out to local schools and colleges, championing conservation as a career choice. And it created a new category of entry-level managers to offer employees the experience necessary to become leaders of tomorrow. Five years ago, the group’s seven-member board had no people of color. Now, the 11-member board has three people of color. The percent of people of color on staff has gone up from 9 percent to 26 percent since 2015.
“We’re slowly increasing our diversity,” Scoonover says, but admits, “we have more progress to make.” To continue to build a broader, more diverse coalition, the Resources Legacy Fund is looking for synergies between its own mission and a community’s priorities — for example, connecting its concern about air quality with diverse farmworkers’ concern about pesticide drift.
Building Relationships
Despite the increasing number of fellowship, internship and training opportunities to provide people of color with pathways to gain skills and experience in environmental fields, organizations continue to lament a lack of diverse applicants.
Taylor says that type of rhetoric is used to absolve organizations of a responsibility to search out or nurture talent. She is involved in two fellowships for college students of color to gain experience in university research labs and non-profit organizations — yet her program staff receives only a modest number of job advertisements from environmental organizations.
“Environmental jobs are advertised and accepted through established networks,” says Taylor, adding “if you are not connected, you won’t hear about or get those jobs.”
To help build those connections, Taylor organized a New Horizons in Conservation Conference in Washington, D.C., in April 2018. Over 220 participants — mostly students of color — attended with resumes in hand to mingle with representatives of non-profits. This September, the sixth annual HBCU Climate Conference, which brings together Historically Black College and Universities staff, faculty and students, will take place in New Orleans and expects 400 attendees. Over 30 percent of past attendees have gone on to pursue careers in environmental fields, says conference organizer Beverly Wright.
“I want to dispel the myth that there are not diverse young people out there interested in this work,” says Angelou Ezeilo, CEO and founder of Greening Youth Foundation in Atlanta, Georgia. Her organization has trained over 5,000 underserved, underrepresented young adults, ages 16­–25, in environmental stewardship — ranging from conservation to urban agriculture to landscape management.
Ezeilo estimates only 15 to 17 percent of her trainees have secured long-term employment in environmental organizations. But she also notes that she measures success not by employment, but by the number of people she exposes to environmental fields — trainees who now see things through a lens of sustainability even if they wind up in other professions. Still, “there have to be employers ready to hire them,” she says.
Changing Culture
Changing an organization’s culture takes time and deliberate action. When you commit to do this, you have to go all in, says Center for Diversity & the Environment’s González. “I see a lot of organizations put a toe in the water and try to recruit for diversity but do nothing to create an inclusive environment,” she says. If new hires walk into a space where they don’t feel welcome, the situation is set up for failure, she says.
The Ocean Foundation’s Love agrees that retaining diverse staff will be the key to success. “How do groups plan to keep diverse staff, and create an environment that seeks to understand diverse backgrounds and communicate effectively?” he asks.
To that end, González says one of the most important thing an organization can do is center its actions around the answer to one question: Why does diversity matter to us?
“Organizations need to see diversity as a great opportunity,” she says. “If it’s drudgery or scary, it will fail.”
Ali offers one answer: “If we truly want to win on climate and the environment, that means all voices must help drive the process.” SaveSaveSaveSave

The Education Of Bobby Kennedy — On Race

Andrew Sacks/Getty Images '"Robert Kennedy was in search of love and found it in black America, and it was reciprocated," says historian David Margolick, reflecting on RFK's legacy 50 years after his death.' -- Morning Edition

Power, Poverty and the Long Divide Between Global North and South

'Anthropologist Jason Hickel examines the creation of mass poverty in the Global South - from the exploitation built into the structures of global trade, development programs and aid policies, to the echoes of colonialism in the structural adjustment programs of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. Hickel is author of The Divide: Global Inequality from Conquest to Free Markets from Norton Books.'  -- This is Hell!

All In the Family: Soul! and Black Power Television by Mark Anthony Neal

All In the Family: Soul! and Black Power Television by Mark Anthony Neal | @NewBlackMan | NewBlackMan (in Exile)
It was a homecoming. Stokely Carmichael, now Kwame Toure, the charismatic Black Power leader, returned from his exile in Guinea, and took a seat next to Ellis Haizlip, the equally charismatic, if not enigmatic, host and producer of Soul!  The scene is notable, if only because we’d be hard-pressed to think about an exiled Black American figure as significant as Carmichael, who held leadership positions in the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and The Black Panther Party, returning to the kind of electronic homecoming that he received during this 1973 broadcast.
As Gayle Wald, author of It’s Been Beautiful: SOUL! and Black Power Television suggests Carmichael’s appearance was a “noteworthy departure from the antagonism characteristic of Carmichael’s network TV appearances.”  A homecoming; an apt term for a public television series for which every creed, color and ideology of Negro possible, was in the family, in a manner that remains unmatched more than 40-years after Soul!left the airwaves.
The title of It’s Been Beautiful, Wald’s fine study of this singular era of Black media and cultural production, is drawn from Haizlip’s conversation with Carmichael in what would be the last season of the  series. As Wald notes, Haizlip utters the phrase twice, “both times the phrase serves as a heartfelt affirmation of Soul!’s achievements  in the face of imminent demise.” (32)  Indeed, Wald recounts, Carmichael himself argued that the future of the Black liberation movement lay in control of Black representation in US media.  Surely Black Entertainment Television or Don Lemon manning the desk at CNN were not what Carmichael envisioned, though not so ironically, the very show in which he made his comments was then, and perhaps remains, the best example of the possibilities of progressive Black media.
Soul!’s emergence occurs within the divergent energies of the Civil Rights and Black Power Movements, the Kerner Commission on race, and the nascent Public Broadcasting System (1969).  According to Wald, Soul!was the “only nationally televised program dedicated to cultural expressions of the Black freedom movement of the late 1960s and 1970s” – “only” being the operative term here, as if there has ever been nationally televised programming dedicated to the Black freedom movement of any era. (1)   The impact of Soul!, which ran from 1968 until 1973, has been obscured, save those who were witness to its genius (much of which was not archived). That it was a contentious five years – both in terms of challenging White Supremacist representations of Blackness and Black provincialism about the public face of Blackness – goes without saying.  
Soul! was unapologetically Black, and therein were the tensions that framed the show’s very existence. With the Block literally hot, as major American cities were going up in flames, the onus for the leisure suits at Public Television and the major networks was to address years of under-representation, misrepresentation and disinformation about Black life in America. Yet Haizlip outright rejected such a role for Soul! telling the New York Times “We cannot again sacrifice the black audience to educate white people...They will have to find their education elsewhere.” (76) And for Haizlip, Black knowledge was more the product of what one of his media progeny Tom Joyner would later call “partying with a purpose.” Wald writes that Soul!“proposed that pleasure and knowledge were two sides of the same coin...In Haizlip’s alternative formulation of ‘educational television’, a concert by (Curtis) Mayfield and the Impressions might be ‘more meaningful that a three-hour lecture’.” (13)
None of these issues would have mattered if not for the genius at the center of it all. There is simply no contemporary figure that even remotely equates with Ellis Haizlip – unless we were to reimagine Jimmy Fallon as a Black, Queer, less funny, smarter, and more cosmopolitan man – and even then, the translation fails.  From a 21st century framing, Haizlip’s queerness reads inconsequential, even an afterthought for those more familiar with Empire’sJamaal Lyons or even Omar from The Wire. Figures like Haizlip carried heavy loads negotiating an emergent hypermasculine Black nationalist discourse; see Eldridge Cleaver’s screed on Baldwin. Haizlip’s strategic affect, was more Dick Cavett, than Jason Holliday of Portrait of Jason fame.
This didn’t mean that Haizlip foreclosed the possibilities of tweaking notions of Black Respectability. In one of the strongest chapters of It’s Been Beautiful, “Freaks Like Us: Black Misfit Performance on Soul!” Wald persuasively provides evidence of the ways that Haizlip made audible his queerness. Although Haizlip’s diction was clearly classed, in that talented-tenth manner that still held sway in the late 1960s, Wald notes “viewers associated his manner of speaking with sexual as well as class differences...demonstrating that he was unwilling to modify his vocal performance to assuage any anxieties it might have generated.” (152) As Wald adds, Haizlip was “not only defying the social contract that demanded silence around the presence of so-called sissies, faggots, and bulldaggers in black communities, but also channeling and amplifying that which was already audible in his spoken performances.” (152)
The irony is that in the context of mainstream audiences for which Blackness was by default “queer,” Haizlip actually had quite a bit of freedom to push the envelope, particularly in the context of Black performance.  As the term “Soul” emerged as a term representing both a new Black aesthetics and politics – even James Brown’s boldly proclaimed the significance of “Soul Power” – Soul! as Wald argues  “created a space for the sonic exploration of pan-Africanism as a political orientation or ideology that cut across national, linguistic and ethnic divisions.” (110)
Wald writes, in particular, about two successive episodes from November of 1972--Shades of Soul Part I and 2--which featured the music of Willie Colon’s orchestra featuring Hector Lavoe on vocals, Tito Puente and a young Felipe Luciano, a co-founder of The Young Lords and original member of The Last Poets, who would become a New York City media icon. Haizlip’s soulful umbrella made sense for young generations of Puerto Ricans, who Wald explains, were “proudly pointing to their collective African and Taino ancestry.” (128)
On the following episode, Haizlip paired legendary Afro-Cuban musician Mongo Santamaria (“Watermelon Man”) with the vocal trio LaBelle.  For the episode, Haizlip chose to dispense with a host, allowing, as Wald explains, the music to articulate the “previous episode’s  thesis of the common Africanist roots of New World Black musical practices.” Yet the episode did much more, featuring the trio of Nona Hendryx, Sarah Dash and Patti Labelle, “[archiving] the women’s creative work in a particularly generative period of their development, when they were seeking alternatives to the girl-group mode of performance.” (138).  Citing the group’s performance of Nina Simone “Four Women,” Wald writes the women find freedom to “carry out aesthetic experiments and unapologetically pursue self expression.” (139)
As such, LaBelle’s performance embodied the fearlessness of the show’s host – a boldness that was not lost on audiences when Haizlip sat down for an hour-long conversation with Nation of Islam (NOI) national spokesperson Minister Louis Farrakhan. Broadcast in the fall of 1972, three years before the death of the Honorable Elijah Muhammad and more than a decade before Farrakhan would become a national figure, “Farrakhan the Minister,” as Wald notes, “works to mitigate the strangeness of the NOI for a geographically diverse Soul! audience interested in yet unfamiliar with Black Muslims beyond Malcolm X.”  With both host and guest keenly aware of who each other was, and their meaningful political differences, particularly regarding homosexuality, the conversation challenged, in Wald’s words, the “narrative of the waning of Black Power in the wake of disunity, political repression, and economic or political co-optation. (168).  
Farrakhan remains such fascinating figure within Black America – hence Haizlip’s respect – if only because of his longevity; here is a man who was in the trenches with Malcolm X (and eventually competing trenches) and in recent years has hosted young Black activists in his Chicago home. Haizlip’s conversation with Minister Farrakhan remains one of boldest moments of Black non-fiction television programming. Indeed when Arsenio Hall symbolically signed-off on his popular late night television show in 1994 by inviting Minister Farrakhan to appear for an hour-long interview (months before the show was cancelled), he likely took a cue from Haizlip’s example; as a teenager Hall appeared on Soul!as a magician in 1971.
Soul!’s eventual demise was not a surprise as it came as the Nixon administration was pushing back against government funding of public affairs programming, as such programs raised critical issues about the ongoing Vietnam War and general  malfeasance within The State. Wald notes that there’s no strong proof that Soul! was specifically targeted, though there were folk in the administration aware of critiques from entertainers on the Black Left, such as Eugene McDaniels who was essentially dropped from Atlantic Records after the release of his Headless Heroes of the Apocalypse (1971).  Though not directly linked to the White House’s  efforts the Corporation for Public Broadcast decided to defund Soul!, diverting funding to a new show that focused on interracial discussion, foreshadowing efforts at the kind of post-racial programming that we still live with today.
Wald’s account of Soul!’s rise and fall comes at a moment of renewed interests in the intersections of Black politics and media as witnessed in books such as Martha Biondi’s The Black Revolution on Campus, Derrick E. White’s The Challenge of Blackness: The Institute of the Black World and Political Activism in the 1970s, Devorah Heitner’s Black Power TV, and Joy Ann Williamson Black Power on Campus.  Additionally veteran documentary filmmaker Sam Pollard directed a film of Haizlip, Mr. Soul! , that is produced by his niece Melissa Haizlip and has received critical praise this far.   As such, Wald’s It’s Been Beautifulis both a timely and galvanizing addition to what might be described as Black Analog Studies.  Like her previous efforts Shout, Sister, Shout!: the Untold Story of Rock-and-Roll Trailblazer Sister Rosetta Tharpe and Crossing the Color Line: Racial Passing in Twentieth Century Literature and Culture, Wald exhibits a fine eye for detail and nuance.  In this regard, one of the less obvious “stars” of It’s Been Beautiful is photographer Chester Huggins, who shot publicity stills for Soul!, and whose photos are featured throughout the book. In his obituary for Haizlip, who died of lung cancer in 1991, the late Amiri Baraka wrote “So we remember Ellis as we remember the times when we were winning.” (213).  Wald offers much the same for the program that so embodied Haizlip, writing that “Soul! created a television space where black people...could see, hear, and almost feel each other.”  For many who consume Black-oriented media, it would be beautiful to feel like we are winning again. +++ 
Mark Anthony Neal is Professor of African American Studies and Professor of English at Duke University, where he is Chair of the Department of African & African-American Studies.  The author of several books including Looking for Leroy: Illegible Black Masculinities(NYU Press), Neal is the host of the video podcast Left of Black, now in its 8th season.

Black Music, Black Film: A Film Series to Honor Black Music Month 2018

In honor of Black Music Month The Department of African & African American Studies at Duke University presents a Film Series, in conjunction with Innovate Your Cool, the Duke Council on Race and Ethnicity and the Center for Arts, Digital Culture and Entrepreneurship. 
The event is free, but registration is required.

Wattstax (1973) – 6 7.18


Wattstax was a benefit concert organized by Stax Records to commemorate the seventh anniversary of the 1965 riotsin the African-American community of Watts, Los Angeles.[2] The concert took place at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum on August 20, 1972. The concert's performers included all of Stax's prominent artists at the time. The genres of the songs performed included soul, gospel, R&B, blues, funk, and jazz. Months after the festival, Stax released a double LP of the concert's highlights titled Wattstax: The Living Word. The concert was filmed by David L. Wolper's film crew and was made into the 1973 film titled, Wattstax. The film was directed by Mel Stuart and nominated for a Golden Globe award for Best Documentary Filmin 1974.
Sparkle (1976) – 6.14.18


Sparkle is a 1976 American musicaldramafilm directed by Sam O'Steen and released by Warner Bros. Pictures. Inspired by The Supremes, Sparkle is a period film set in Harlem, New York during the late 1950s and early 1960s. It presents the story of a musical girl group that ends up breaking apart due to individual issues each one faces. This film not only "recreates the magic of a special period in American history, but it explores the impact of Harlem's musical and social culture on the rest of the world," as well as the linkages to black power. The film stars Irene Cara, Philip Michael Thomas, Lonette McKee, Dwan Smith, Mary Alice, Dorian Harewood, and Tony King. Curtis Mayfield served as the composer and producer of Sparkle's songs and score
Krush Groove (1985) – 6.21.18


Krush Groove is an American 1985 Warner Bros. film that was written by Ralph Farquhar and directed by Michael Schultz (who also produced the movie, along with George Jackson and Doug McHenry). This film is based on the early days of Def Jam Recordings and up-and-coming record producer Russell Simmons (renamed Russell Walker in the film), portrayed by Blair Underwood in his feature film debut.   When We Were Kings (1996) – 6.28.18

When We Were Kings is a 1996 Academy Award winning documentary film directed by Leon Gastabout the famous "Rumble in the Jungle" heavyweightchampionship match between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman. The fight was held in Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974. The film features a number of celebrities, including James Brown, Jim Brown, B.B. King, Norman Mailer, George Plimpton, Spike Lee and Thomas Hauser.

Elgin Baylor's 'Hang Time' Addresses Racism And His Basketball Career

'Before LA Laker greats like Kobe Bryant, Shaquille O' Neal, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Magic Johnson, there was Elgin Baylor. He was drafted in 1958 by the team before they were even the LA Lakers. They were still the Minneapolis Lakers, named for the lakes of Minnesota. He was the centerpiece of the team when they moved to California. Angelinos loved his freewheeling, acrobatic style. He took the Lakers to the finals seven times. His new book, Hang Time, is a story about basketball, but it's also about racism: when an athlete should or should not protest, a question relevant in sports today.'
         
        

Kevin Young & Claudia Rankine Discuss 'Brown'

'Kevin Young, Director of the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture and New Yorker poetry editor, recently published a new collection of poems titled Brown. His meditations on everything from the Harlem Globetrotters to the blues to Ol' Dirty Bastard and Brown v. Board of Education have been called “a parade through time” and a “necessary book of witness.” Young spoke with Claudia Rankine, professor of poetry at Yale University and the author most recently of Citizen: An American Lyric. The two discussed Young’s childhood memories, musical influences, and the pop culture that makes us dance and think at the same time.'

Umi Selah (Phillip Agnew): Where Do We Go From Here?

'Umi Selah (Phillip Agnew) of Dream Defenders discusses the ongoing struggle for freedom at the SNCC Digital Gateway Project 's closing events on March 24, 2018 at North Carolina Central University in Durham, North Carolina. Selah is introduced by SNCC veteran and journalist Charlie Cobb.'
Phillip Agnew: Where Do We Go From Here? from SNCC Digital Gateway on Vimeo.