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“More important, such events share a second feature, one that is absent from an increase in taxes: they reduce our own incomes while leaving others’ incomes unaffected. Higher taxes, in contrast, reduce all incomes in tandem. This difference holds the key to understanding the mother of all cognitive illusions.”
― Robert H. Frank, Under the Influence: Putting Peer Pressure to Work

“TASSC also ran ads in commercial and campus newspapers across the country, and developed potential congressional testimony on “public health priorities.”70 They also created a “Sound Science in Journalism Award,” first granted to New York Times reporter Gina Kolata, “who responsibly detailed … how science has been distorted and manipulated to fuel litigation” on silicone breast implants.71 (Kolata has subsequently been heavily criticized by scientists, environmentalists, and her journalism colleagues for a persistent proindustry, protechnology bias, and an overt skepticism about environmental causes of cancer.)”
― Naomi Oreskes, Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming

“Russell Seitz and the defenders of tobacco invoked liberty, too. But as the philosopher Isaiah Berlin sagely pointed out, liberty for wolves means death to lambs.124 Our society has always understood that freedoms”
― Naomi Oreskes, Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming

“Who made these changes to the chapter? Who authorized these changes? Why were they made?” Pearlman demanded. “Pearlman got up and in my face, turned beet red and [started] screaming at me,” Santer recalls. AMS officer Anthony Socci “finally separated us, but Pearlman kept following me around.”142 Santer explained that he’d been required by IPCC procedures to make the changes in response to the government comments and discussions at Madrid, and the chapter had never been out of his control, but the truth did not satisfy the opposition.143”
― Naomi Oreskes, Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming

“We take it for granted that great individuals—Gandhi, Kennedy, Martin Luther King—can have great positive impacts on the world. But we are loath to believe the same about negative impacts—unless the individuals are obvious monsters like Hitler or Stalin. But small numbers of people can have large, negative impacts, especially if they are organized, determined, and have access to power. Seitz, Jastrow, Nierenberg, and Singer had access to power—all the way to the White House—by virtue of their positions as physicists who had won the Cold War. They used this power to support their political agenda, even though it meant attacking science and their fellow scientists, evidently believing that their larger end justified their means. Perhaps this, too, was part of their professional legacy. During the Manhattan Project, and throughout the Cold War, for security reasons many scientists had to hide the true nature of their work. All weapons”
― Naomi Oreskes, Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming

“We’ve noted how the notion of balance was enshrined in the Fairness Doctrine, and it may make sense for political news in a two-party system (although not in a multiparty system). But it doesn’t reflect the way science works. In an active scientific debate, there can be many sides. But once a scientific issue is closed, there’s only one “side.” Imagine providing “balance” to the issue of whether the Earth orbits the Sun, whether continents move,”
― Naomi Oreskes, Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming

“Nichols and Smith, “The Physical Aspect of American Football,” 8.”
― Kathleen Bachynski, No Game for Boys to Play: The History of Youth Football and the Origins of a Public Health Crisis

“For example, a 1907 JAMA editorial highlighted that out of the fourteen football players killed that fall, none had been over twenty years in age. The editorial concluded that there need be no hesitation “in deciding that football is no game for boys to play.”
― Kathleen Bachynski, No Game for Boys to Play: The History of Youth Football and the Origins of a Public Health Crisis

“In 1970, NCAA News described the formation of NOCSAE as part of an article announcing the jury decision—a victory, from the NCAA’s perspective—to clear Rawlings of any legal responsibility for a catastrophic football injury. It was the case of Ernie Pelton, the high school player who had been left quadriplegic “from a violent twisting of the head” after being tackled.17”
― Kathleen Bachynski, No Game for Boys to Play: The History of Youth Football and the Origins of a Public Health Crisis

“when football faced “the greatest danger since the warnings of President Teddy Roosevelt.” NOCSAE was presented as a solution to this danger.21”
― Kathleen Bachynski, No Game for Boys to Play: The History of Youth Football and the Origins of a Public Health Crisis

“Notably, in 1970, participants in the Fourteenth Stapp Car Crash Conference observed that rotational motion appeared to be more critical than linear motion to the production of human brain injury. Nonetheless, the development of NOCSAE football helmet standard was closely connected with 1960s car crash safety research based on linear impacts.24”
― Kathleen Bachynski, No Game for Boys to Play: The History of Youth Football and the Origins of a Public Health Crisis

“This meant that helmets could frequently be found in compliance with the NOCSAE standard without actually meeting it. They concluded that “the current recertification standard established by NOCSAE will do little to protect players if it is followed to the letter by refinishing firms.”
― Kathleen Bachynski, No Game for Boys to Play: The History of Youth Football and the Origins of a Public Health Crisis

“Manufacturers continued to market their protective equipment as central to athletic success as well as safety. Yet in defending themselves against product liability lawsuits, they emphasized the lack of relationship between helmets and the injuries of individual plaintiffs. Manufacturers”
― Kathleen Bachynski, No Game for Boys to Play: The History of Youth Football and the Origins of a Public Health Crisis

“In 1978, after NFL safety Jack Tatum (“The Assassin”) delivered a hit that paralyzed his opponent Darryl Stingley from the chest down, the chairman of the NFL Competition Committee responded that “no one liked the assassination of President Kennedy, but the world had to go on.”
― Kathleen Bachynski, No Game for Boys to Play: The History of Youth Football and the Origins of a Public Health Crisis

“. Subcommittee on Classification of Sports Injuries, Committee on the Medical Aspects of Sports, Standard Nomenclature of Athletic Injuries (Chicago: American Medical Association, 1966), 20.”
― Kathleen Bachynski, No Game for Boys to Play: The History of Youth Football and the Origins of a Public Health Crisis

“Every successful movement for change has three phases. The first is an emergent phase, in which a keystone change is identified, constituencies on the Spectrum of Allies are mapped out, and institutions within the Pillars of Power are determined. The second phase, or the engagement phase, is when tactics are designed to target particular constituencies and institutions for mobilization. The last phase, or the victory phase, is typically triggered by an outside event, which lowers resistance thresholds and sets a cascade in motion.40 An election is falsified, a regime’s brutality is exposed, a new technology is introduced into the market, a chief executive fires a well-liked employee (or an FBI director) without cause, or maybe crucial intelligence is acquired on a key terrorist.”
― Greg Satell, Cascades (PB): How to Create a Movement that Drives Transformational Change

“Booker (2004) argues that there are only seven basic plots: “overcoming the monster, rags to riches, the quest, voyage and return, comedy, tragedy, and rebirth.”
― Robert J. Shiller, Narrative Economics: How Stories Go Viral and Drive Major Economic Events

“In 1946, Eric Johnston—president of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce from 1941 to 1946 and a former board member of Spiritual Mobilization—became president of the Motion Picture Association of America. He immediately began redirecting Hollywood’s mythmaking machinery. In a talk to screenwriters, Johnston said: “We’ll have no more Grapes of Wrath, we’ll have no more Tobacco Roads, we’ll have no more films that deal with the seamy side of American life. We’ll have no more films that treat the banker as villain.”1 Socioeconomic criticism was out, market fundamentalism was in.”
― Naomi Oreskes, The Big Myth: How American Business Taught Us to Loathe Government and Love the Free Market