For example, suppose that one student showed a gain from 230 to 250 between third grade and fourth, and a second student increased from 245 to 265 between fourth grade and fifth. If these are developmental standard scores, their identical gains of 20 points would ideally mean that both improved their performance by the same amount. Despite the inconsistent and confusing labeling of these scales, you can often identify them by comparing the numbers across grades. If the numbers are similar across grades, the scale is not a developmental standard score, but if the numbers increase from grade to
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