In biology, for instance, Kleiber’s law demonstrates that an animal’s metabolism doesn’t scale linearly with its size but rather adheres to a power law. For example, a cat, despite weighing over one hundred times more than a mouse, only requires thirty-two times the energy to sustain itself. It’s a form of economies of scale whereby a doubling of the size doesn’t require a doubling of the energy consumption. This law surprisingly holds true throughout much of the animal kingdom—the same is true for a cow, which is one hundred times heavier than a cat, and a whale, which is one hundred times
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