Deer and cheetahs do not manufacture complex decision-tree diagrams with associated probabilities to make decisions in their lives. These animals do what they do because natural selection has honed their instincts over countless generations. Natural selection among animals is incessant and merciless and has produced millions of species, all of whom adhere to this simple principle: Minimize the risk of committing type I errors to curtail the risk of injury or death, and learn to live with type II errors or foregone benefits.
